动词时态和语态简析精练.doc

动词时态和语态简析精练
一、动词时态概述(参见2013年福建高考考试说明)
英语中动词共有十六种时态，可按时、体两方面来记忆。要求掌握的有十种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时。另外过去完成进行时和将来完成时在近几年高考中也得到了考查。
时
体

现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
1. 一般现在时
2. 一般过去时
3. 一般将来时
8. 过去将来时
进行
4. 现在进行时
5. 过去进行时
9. 将来进行时
过去将来进行时
完成
6. 现在完成时
7. 过去完成时
将来完成时
过去将来完成时
完成进行
10. 现在完成进行时
过去完成进行时
将来完成进行时
过去将来完成进行时
二、十二种常见时态意义简述
No
时态
构 成 (do)
意义简述
1
一般现在时
do, does
经常性习惯性的动作 客观事实、真理格言、观点想法、文学评论等
2
一般过去时
did
发生在过去的动作或状态
3
一般将来时
*will/shall do
发生在将来的动作或状态 打算 计划
4
现在进行时
am/is/are doing
现在或现阶段正在进行的动作：阶段性 临时性 未完成
5
过去进行时
was/were doing
过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作: 阶段性 临时性 未完成
6
现在完成时
have/has done
发生在过去的动作或状态 与现在有联系
7
过去完成时
had done
发生在过去某一动作或状态之前 过去的过去
8
过去将来时
*would/should do
从过去某一时间看、打算或计划将来
9
将来进行时
will/shall be doing
将来某个时间点或段正在进行的动作
10
现在完成进行时
have/has been doing
发生在过去的动作一直持续进行到现在 解释或说明某一现象
11
过去完成进行时
had been doing
发生在过去某时之前的动作一直持续进行到该过去时间
12
将来完成时
will/shall have done
到将来某一时间即将完成的动作
1. For lunch, I have biscuits and a glass of milk. (an activity that is repeated regularly)
2. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I went there several years ago.
3. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you will often see advertisements showing happy families.
4. — What’s your brother doing in his room now?
— He is making a kite.
5. Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.
6. My brother is an actor. He has appeared in several films so far.
7. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he had planned for the wedding.
8. — Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?
— I was going to, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.
9. At this time tomorrow we’ll be flying over the Atlantic.
10. — I have got a headache.
— No wonder. You have been working in front of that computer too long.
11. The crazy fans had been waiting patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
12. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.
三、动词的被动语态: be + Vp.p.
时
体

现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
am/is/are done
was/were done
will/shall be done
would/should be done
进行
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
will/shall be being done
would/should be being done
完成
have/has been done
had been done
will/shall have been done
would/should have been done
完成
进行
have/has been being done
had been being done
will/shall have been being done
would/should have been being done
四、动词时态和语态解题思路：时à体à态
（1）这件事情说的是什么时候的事情或情况；
（2）这个动作处于什么状态：是完成了，还是进行中，还是一般情况，还是……；
（3）这个动词与主语的关系，是主动还是被动。
1. — What’s that terrible noise?
     — The neighbors _______ for a party.
A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare
2. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement .
A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached
五、与主谓一致等联合考查
1. As you can see, the number of cars on roads keeps rising these days.
2. The country life (he was used to) has changed greatly since 1992.
A. change B. changing C. has changed D. have changed
六、在情景中感受时态
1. I in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B. have lived
2. The moment I got home, I found I my jacket on the playground.
A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving
3. －Did you tell Julia about the result?
－Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her now. A. will call B. am going to call
七、一般过去时、过去进行时、现在完成时辨析
1. He football regularly for many years when he was young.
A. was playing B. played C. has played
2. Shirley a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.
A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing
3. My friend, who ______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.
A. served B. is serving C. was serving D. has served
八、一般现在时、现在进行时辨析
1. Tom skating every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B. goes
2. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. are phoning
3. This machine _______. It hasn’t worked for years. A. doesn’t work B. isn’t working
九、主动形式表被动
1. His novel is selling well.
2. The library doesn’t open on Sunday.
3. The water cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels
4. I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled (宠坏的) child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
动词时态和语态高考真题精练100题
1. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they from China.
A. receive B. are receiving C. have received D. had received
2. Planning so far ahead no sense — so many things will have changed by next year.
A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made
3. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he polite.
A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be
4. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there.
A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain
5. If you don't like the drink you , just leave it and try a different one.
A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered
6. When I got on the bus, I _____ I had left my wallet at home.
A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize
7. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything!
A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating
8. In the last few years thousands of films all over the word.
A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced
9. On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years.
A. is B. has been C. will be D. will have been
10. His first novel good reviews since it came out last month.
A. receives B. is receiving C. will receive D. has received
11. Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted
12. Tom in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works B. worked C. has been workingD. had been working
13. — That must have been a long trip.
— Yeah, it us a whole week to get there.
A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking
14. — Bob has gone to California.
— Oh, can you tell me when he ?
A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave
15. The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given
16. — I hear you in a pub. What’s it like?
— Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.
A. are working B. will work C. were working D. will be working
17. The fact that so many people still smoke in public place _______ that we may need nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting
18. — Tommy is planning to buy a car.
— I know. By next month, he enough for a used one
A. saves B. saved C. will save D. will have saved
19. — What do you think of store shopping in the future?
— Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but .
A. will never replace B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced
20. — I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______ on my desk?
— I put it there just now in case you needed it.
A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed
21. — Joan, what in your hand?
— Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.
A. had you held B. are you holding C. do you hold D. will you hold
22. In 1492, Columbus _______ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.
A. lands B. landed C. has landed D. had landed
23. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who _________ the piano upstairs?
A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing
24. Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He to have been praised by the manager just now.
A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming
25. It is the most instructive lecture that I ________ since I came to this school.
A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended
26. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ______ by scientists.
A. are making B. in made C. will make D. will be made
27. I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I .
A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing
28. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college.
A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated
29. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody into the office during the night.
A. broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking
30. All visitors to this village _________ with kindness.
A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated
31. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns.
A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised
32. — Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
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— How nice! You a different culture then.
A. will be experiencing B. have experienced
C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced
33. — Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
— No, I ______ my homework all day yesterday.
A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do
34. When you are home, give a call to let me know you ______ safely.
A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive
35. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.
A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made
36. Linda, make sure the tables ________ before the guests arrive.
A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting
37. Excuse me. I ________ I was blocking your way.
A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing
38. We _______ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
39. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words .
A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped
40. — I'm not finished with my dinner yet.
— But our friends for us.
A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting
41. — I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
— Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make C. don't make D. haven't made
42. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they for me.
A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing
43. Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved
44. — Why, Jack, you look so tired!
— Well, I _____ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting
45. — Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
— We ________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be
46. I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.
A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough
47. If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall.
A. eat B. would eat C. have eaten D. will be eating
48. For many years, people electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of C. dreamed of D. dream of
49. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he .
A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy
50. — Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
— No. I the book, so I already knew the story.
A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read
51. — We’ve spent too much money recently.
— Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives around all the time.
A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming
52. Joseph ______ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.
A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone
53. I _______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.
A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done
54. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
55. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?
A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do
56. I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
57. Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
58. I'm tired out. I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping
59. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had
60. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored
61. Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she since her marriage to Father.
A. shoulders B. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering
62. — When shall we restart our business?
— Not until we our plan.
A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished
63. You’ve failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.
A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected
64. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.
A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes
65. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original
building now.
A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained
66. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ evening dress.
A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn
67. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ____ rising steadily since 1990.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
68. Scientists have many theories about how the universe i