高考英语二轮复习常考题型（新高考）练习题含答案解析.pdf

目录(1)阅读理解(2)七选五(3)完形填空(4)语法填空(5)应用文(6)读后续写2021届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（新高考）（一）阅读理解、Known for its complicated,seemingly wavelike sandstone walls and the rays of sunlight that shine into them,Arizonas Antelope Canyon（羚羊峡谷）is an everlasting attraction for tourists.I ts a slot canyon,meaning it formed from water carving it out over millions of years.I t sits about 3,700 feet above sea level and takes its name from the antelope that once lived in it.The canyon forms part of Lake Powell Navajo Tribal Park in the Navajo Nation.The Navajo Nation limits visits to either the Upper or Lower Antelope Canyon to two hours and requires all visitors to be led by authorized guides.I f youre planning a trip and need help deciding which area to visit,keep these recommendations in mind.,When:Tours are available twice a day during the week year-round,though exact times vary by season;tours are not available on weekends or major holidays.,Cost:Tour companies fees vary,but tickets,including entrance to the park,generally start at around$60 for 90-minute tours of Upper Antelope Canyon.Tours of Lower Antelope Canyon tend to be around an hour and generally cost around$40 per adult and$20 for children.,Must-know tip:Most of Arizona does not follow daylight saving time,though the Navajo Nation,where Antelope Canyon is located,does.Check with your tour operator to confirm the precise time of your tour.Antelope Canyon hosts tons of visitors and,in order to protect the canyon walls from damage,no bags of any kind are permitted in either the Upper or Lower section.Also keep in mind that while most tour companies welcome small children,not all of them will.1.What makes Antelope Canyon attractive?A.I ts remarkable height.B.The origin of its name.C.I ts unique natural feature.D.The process of its formation.2.How much may a couple pay for a one-hour tour in Lower Antelope Canyon?A.$60.B.$80.C.$100.D.$120.3.What must be kept in mind about the Antelope Canyon tour?A.The age limit for kids.B.The definite tour time.C.Carrying a small backpack.D.Booking tickets in tour agencies.二、The Worlds*Best BookshopsTheres nothing like being surrounded by books,wherever you are.Here are the finest oases of literature that travellers can bring you.Daikanyama T-site I TokyoI t is well worth visiting even if just to admire the buildings beautiful,criss-crossed architecture.Once youve had your fill of roaming three floors worth of bookshelves,theres the bar,the coffee shop,or even the video rental space to give you more reason to stay just that little bit longer.Grab a book,order a beer and dive into its pages.I could have stayed hours here.City Lights|San FranciscoThe three-storey establishment publishes and sells titles in poetry,fiction,translation,politics,history and the arts.I t hosts events and readings,and runs a non-profit of the same name that aims to promote diversity of voices and ideas in literature.I ts opposite Vesuvio,a bar frequented by Kerouac and other Beat-generation writers and artists.Shakespeare and Company|ParisI made a special trip to the Left Bank fbr this one when I was in Paris.I t has two floors packed with English-language texts,and I was particularly struck by any spare wall space devoted to notes from visitors-heartfelt messages to a loved one,dedications to the shop itself or a quote from a favourite author or philosopher.Hutatma Chowk|MumbaiA few years ago I visited I ndia,investigating Rudyard Kiplings connections with the country.I spotted a cheap copy of The Jungle Book on one of the tarp-covered book stalls at Hutatma Chowk(Martyrs Square).The booksellers here are like amateur librarians,able to lay their hands on almost any title you ask for.To me,those well-thumbed(尚羽旧 了的)books spoke volumes about the changes of Mumbais readers in the 150 years since the city gave us Kipling.l.I n which bookshop can you buy a drink while visiting?A.Daikanyama T-site B.City LightsC.Shakespeare and Company D.Hutatma Chowk2.What can be learned about the book stalls at Hutatma Chowk?A.People can meet Rudyard Kipling there.B.They sell the cheapest books in the world.C.The book owners are amateur librarians.D.The sellers are familiar with the books.3.What do the four bookstores have in common?A.They are beautifully designed.B.They are three-storey buildings.C.They offer book lovers good experience.D.They are frequently visited by great writers.三、Scientists say they have discovered an earthquake-like event that can happen during a hurricane or other powerful ocean storms.They are calling it a“stormquake”.Researchers came up with this name after studying events connected with or caused by earthquakes on the sea floor during such storms.They found that the shaking can feel as strong as a magnitude 3.5 earthquake.I ntense energy from hurricanes and other severe storms can create very large waves in the ocean.These waves then“interact“in some places with solid earth under the sea to cause“intense seismic（地震的）source activity,said the leader researcher Fan,a seismologist and professor at Florida State University.uWe can have seismic sources in the ocean just like earthquakes within the hard outer layer of the Earth,“he added.4tThe exciting part is seismic sources caused by hurricanes can last fbr hours or even days.”The researchers found evidence of more than 10,000 stormquakes in coastal areas of the United States and Canada.Stormquakes were found to have happened around continental shelves or sea floors containing flat land and at lower depths,the research showed.Even with evidence of so many stromquakes happening,it was not known until recently that such events even existed.This is mainly because scientists studying earthquakes have generally considered ocean-caused seismic waves as“background noise.The research found that major U.S.hurricanes had produced a lot of stormquakes.One example was Hurricane Bill in 2009 in the Atlantic Ocean,which caused about 300 stormquakes as it moved north,past New Jersey.Other examples of stormquakes were Hurricane I ke in 2008 and Hurricane I rene in 2011.But the study found no evidence of stormquakes off the coast of Mexico.Also,no such activity was recorded in areas along the U.S.East Coast,starting in New Jersey,and continuing all the way down to Georgia.The team noted that even Hurricane Sandy,one of the most costly storms in U.S.history,did not cause a single stormquake.Fan says this suggests that stormquakes are strongly influenced by the physical shape of the seafloors surface and seafloor conditions.Fan added that there are still“lots of unknowns5 about stormquakes.But he said discovering them“suggests we are reaching a new level of understanding of seismic waves”.He hopes the discovery will lead to improved study methods for hurricanes,which in the past have mainly been observed from satellites in the sky.Now we are able to understand the phenomenon or at least track part of its passage through the solid earth as well,“he said.1.What is the distinctive feature of a stormquake?A.Being seasonal.B.Being destructive.C.Being long-lasting.D.Being interactive.2.Why were stormquakes unknown to science previously?A.Because they were extremely rare on the Earth.B.Because they were once neglected by scientists.C.Because they generally happen in deep sea floors.D.Because they are quite similar to common earthquakes.3.What message is conveyed in Paragraph 4?A.A11 hurricanes dont bring about stormquakes.B.Stormquakes happen more along the East Coast.C.Stronger hurricanes tend to produce stormquakes.D.The sea floors condition changes in stormquakes.4.What is the significance of the discovery?A.Offering an alternative angle to research hurricanes.B.Helping to predict an earthquake more accurately.C.Suggesting the richness of the seismic wave field.D.Preventing potential hurricanes and lessening losses.四、I n July 2017,the American space agency（NASA）admitted to not having enough financial means to send man on Mars for the purpose of exploring it.The news had the effect of a bomb after five years of communication and development for this space exploration project.And yet,a few months before this announcement,the two houses of the US Congress voted a law to guide future NASA tasks.Among these tasks was an inhabited trip to Mars in 2033.I n the meantime,NASA is focusing on the Mars 2020 mission by building its rover（漫游 者），which will be equipped with a series of new scientific instruments.This new machine will also look a lot like Curiosity which landed on the red planet in 2012.The mission Mars 2020 aims to assess the livability of the planet and possibly identify potential tracks of life yesterday and today.At a recent press conference,former US astronaut Tom Jones announced that NASAs current budget could not solve some technical problems for 25 years.Thus,it postpones the first inhabited mission of the agency to Mars in 2043.The subject concerned mainly mentioned many damages that will affect the body of astronauts.I ndeed,the trip to Mars could be completed in nine months by considering the current technologies and the moment when the planets are closer to each other.However,periods of weightlessness that are too long may,in particular,cause a lack of calcium.I n fact,it influences the bones of astronauts.I n addition,this can lead to significant damage of vision.A quarter of a century is needed to develop new technologies to solve these problems.For example,there is the question of developing nuclear propulsion（推进）systems.I ndeed,it could reduce travel times.Finally,there is also the idea of designing something to allow astronauts to hibernate during the trip!l.What made NASA put off its inhabited mission?A.Objection of scientists.C.The damage to health.D.A shortage of funds.2.Which is right about the Mars 2020 Mission?A.I t has been put off.C.I ts aim is to send man to Mars.3.Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?A.The problems existing nowadays.B.The living conditions.B.I t is to evaluate the possibility for our living.D.I ts purpose is for man to walk on Mars.B.The accuracy of travel times.C.The time to develop technologies.D.The update of new devices.4.1 n which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Science.D.Education.五、After finishing a meal at an American Chinese restaurant you probably expect to receive a handful of fortune cookies after you pay the bill.Fortune cookies are in Chinese restaurants throughout the United States.I fs rather satisfying to crack open a cookie at the end of your meal and read your“lucky fortune55 on the slip of paper inside.The exact origin of the fortune cookie is unknown.I t is thought that the tasty snack was first introduced into San Francisco in 1914,after an immigrant began distributing the cookie with thank-you notes in them.These thank-you notes were intended as symbols of appreciation for friends who stood with him through the economic hardship and discrimination of his early life in America.There is an alternate origin story.Los Angeles is regarded as the site of the fortune cookie5 s invention.I n this version of the story,David Jung,a Chinese immigrant residing in L.A.,is thought to have created the cookie in order to lift the spirits of the poor and homeless.I n 1918,Jung handed out the cookies for free to the poor outside his shop and each cookie contained a strip of paper with an inspirational sentence printed on it.Fortune cookies first began to gain in popularity in mainstream American culture during WWI I.Chinese restaurants would serve them in place of desserts,as desserts were not popular in traditional Chinese cuisine.Today fortune cookies are not tied to Chinese-American culture.I n fact,the largest fortune cookie manufacturer is located in the United States and it produces 4.5 million fortune cookies a day-an evidence for the modern-day popularity of the snack.However,an attempt to introduce the fortune cookie to China in 1992 was a failure,and the cookie was cited as being too American.So next time you break open a fortune cookie and read a fortune about the many successes you should expect in your future,remember that the conclusion to your Chinese restaurant meal may not be as Chinese as you think.1.What do we know about fortune cookies?A.They are as popular in China as in America.B.They contain slips of paper with good wishes.C.They first appeared in America during WWI LD.They are often charged to the customers bill.2.Why were fortune cookies introduced into San Francisco?A.To make a profit.B.To express gratitude.C.To lift peoples spirits.D.To help people out of hardship.3.Which of the following sentences may be found in Jungs cookies?A.The fortune you seek is in another cookie.B.Every exit is an entrance to new experiences.C.I m being held prisoner by a Chinese bakery.D.Only taste fortune cookies;disregard all others.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.A symbol of Chinese culture.B.Chinese restaurants in America.C.Can fortune cookies tell your fortune?D.Fortune cookies,Chinese or American?六、A Fluent AdvantageWhen schools go through budget cuts,foreign language classes are often placed on the cutting block.School administrators often do not understand how important foreign language study is for their students success in the real world.Far from cutting language classes,schools should be demanding them for all students.Studying a foreign language should be required in middle schools.Language study strengthens students5 minds.Many studies have indicated that multilingual peoplepeople who speak more than one languageare better at certain tasks.Specifically,multilingual people have better executive function than people who speak only one language.Executive function is the way the brain manages all the information its given,such as performing different tasks and deciding what to focus on.I n brain scans,multilingual people show increased activity in the areas of the brain that control executive function.Researchers have guessed that this advantage exists because multilingual people must constantly decide which words from which language to use.As a result,multilingual people get lots of practice with executive function.Their brains can then apply those skills to other tasks,like paying attention or multitasking.This effect is especially strong for people who grow up speaking more than one language.The earlier students start language classes,the more benefits they may get from language study.Moreover,language study helps prepare students for their future careers.Today,language skills are in high demand on the job market and more and more businesses work in many countries across the world.As businesses become global,they need people who can communicate easily across national borders.To prepare for their careers,more students should be learning foreign languages.From 2010 to 2015,the demand in the United States for workers who speak a second language doubled.This trend included workers of all skill levels and backgrounds.Of course,in ord