英语四六级听力复习参考资料.pdf

英语四六级听力最常见的4种提问方式1.中心思想题这类问题主要是测试文章的主题思想。提问方式有：What is the main idea of the passage?Whatcan we learn from this passage?What is the best title for this passage?What is the passage mainly about?What is the speaker talking about?等等。做这一类题时一定要注意集中精力听好短文的开头，因为四级 听力短文一般会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章的开头。另外，如果 文中反复出现同一词汇或同一类词汇，同样也值得我们特别注意，因 为包含有这类词汇的选项能较好地体现中心思想，通常就是正确答 案。2.事实细节题所考察的细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物或事 件、各种数字等，问题一般为wh-questioii的形式。这类题要求我们听到文中出现时间、数字时一定要特别敏感，及时做好笔记；另外，文中一旦出现以因果连词(如because,so,dueto 等)和转折连词(如but,however,though等)弓I导的句子也要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。3.对错判断题这类题常用以下提问方式：Which of the following is true/not true according to the passage?Which of the following is not mentioned?等等。听到这类题时，一定要听清提问，对于有没 有not 一词要弄清楚。一般情况下，not一词会重读。4.推理推测题。这类题需要对文中的信息进行分析推断，才能作出正确的选择。提问方式有：What can be inferred from the passage?What does the speaker think about the problem.?What is the speaker most concerned about?How does the writer feel about.?等等。做这类题时一定要注意与短文内容一样的不是推断，而且一定要根 据短文的观点而不是根据自己的观点来推断。创造闪光点，决胜四六级作文是各类英语考试中得分率最低的题型之一。同学们在掌握了 一定的作文模板，和基本的语法、词汇、句型用法之后，如果能在作 文中创造一些词汇和句型的闪光点，必定会使你的作文如虎添翼！值得提醒同学们的是这份总结，包含了大部分的句型结构.对任何 人的写作都有一定的帮助.但是请不要完全依赖这份总结.（更多更好 的短语，句型需要自己在阅读中不断积累总结）.高分作文标志1：是否长短句交叉；2、是否会使用插入语;3、用词是否多样，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词；4、关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词；5、句型使用是否准确、地道。下面给出写好一篇作文的注意事项：1.适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观的反映事实，句子开头不 要总是用we/1（比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用 Attention should be paid to.）举个经典结尾2004年六月六级作文的最 后一段：It is therefore,high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that.By doing so,its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.2.善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中 间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。如 however/therefore/for example/I believe 做插入语放在中间,一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。比如说：Other individuals,however,take the attitude that.3.一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的替换太宽泛的。（考试中一 般不要出现 good,bad,many,thing,think,people,opinion 等等）比如 上面例子中，applicable 替换 proper,approaches 替换 ways,implement替换 carry out,sharpen ones competitive edge 替换 enhance ones competitiveness（提高某物竞争力）下面举一篇南京工程学院某位同学写的优秀作文（14分）的例子，看看他是如何运用各类写作技巧的。这位同学把老师上课讲的各类写 作手法和精彩替换和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。Computer and I By SimmyI never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present,which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that I indulged myself in googling an army of useful information I had expected,and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music.That night I was sleepless,feeling that the whole world belonged to me.exceedingly 替换 verythrilling 替换 excitingsth.exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替换 sb.be interested in sth.google 替换 searchan army of 替换 a lot ofThe dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers.Coincident with the advancement of science and technology,computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals.It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them,in large measure!The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一个精彩句型，用来描述 在某个时期发生了什么事情；Increasing popularity 替换 more and more popularCoincident with.非常地道的句型，表达“与.一致”的意思，替 换 With.Advancement 替换 developmentPour into(flood into/swarm into 潜换 enter intoCurrent(currently)替换 nowAppeal to sb.替换 sb.be interested in sth.Growing individuals 替换 more and more peopleIt is no exaggeration to say经典句型，说某事是毫不夸张的For a start,we can,freely,search desired information at any moment.Little by little,our knowledge will be well enriched,and our horizons will be greatly broadened.Additionally,we can get huge recreations online by chatting,playing games,or delivering email.For a start 替换 To begin withWe can,freely,search用了插入语的写作手法our knowledge will be well enriched,and our horizons will be greatly broadened.用了非常精彩的被动Additionally 替换 In addition/BesidesDeliver 替换 sendThere is no denying that,however,computers can function in the disservice of human beings,in a way,especially the growing violence,*,pom pictures,AV-films emerging on the screen,which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.There is no denying that,however,computers can function in the disservice of human beings,这个句子有三个精彩之处，首先 There is no denying that 这个句型,还有 however 作为插入语,function in the disservice of 替换 do harm toEmerging 替换 appearing(fading 替换 disappearing)Net citizen网民，属于精彩用词As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds.Computers do play a positive role in the development of people lives,despite a slice of unfavorable impacts.We should.therefore,take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.No garden has no weeds 替换 Every coin has two sidesComputers do play，do 强调Positive 替换 important/good 等A slice of 替换 a part ofUnfavorable 替换 badImpacts 替换 effects/influencesWe should,therefore,take advantage of.使用插入语Fruits 而且 fruits 用的非常形象，merits/virtues)替换 advantage(defects 替换 disadvantage)Facet 替换 aspect各位同学，上面的作文里有这么多精彩的闪光点，作文怎么会不 得高分呢！以下是30个最经典的替换词，各位同学可以参考一下:1.individuals,characters,folks 替换（people,persons）2:positive,favorable,rosy（美好的），promising（有希望的），perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior 替换 good3:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse,ill（有害的）替换 bad如果bad做表语,可以有be less impressive替换eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games,enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.When it approaches to graduation,as a result,they find their academic records are less impressive.4.（an army of,an ocean of,a sea of,a multitude of,a host of,many,if not most）替换 many.注：用 many,if not most 定要小心，many后一定要有词。Eg.Many individuals,if not most,harbor the idea that.同理 用 most,if not all,替换 most.5:a slice of,quiet a few,several 替换 some6:harbor the idea that,take the attitude that,hold the view that,it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged that）替 think（因为是书面语，所以要加that）7:affair,business,matter 替换 thing8:shared 代 common9.reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits）10:for my part,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion11:Increasing（ly）,growing 替换 more and more（注意没有 growingly 这 种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词 用 increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything,或 little or nothing 替换 hardly13.beneficial,rewarding 替换 helpful,14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser,替换 customer15.exceedingly,extremely,intensely 替换 very16.hardly necessary,hardly inevitable.替换 unnecessary,avoidable17.sth appeals to sb,sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换 sb take interest in/sb.be interested in18.capture ones attention 替换 attract ones attention.19.facet,demension,sphere 代 aspect20.be indicative of,be suggestive of,be fearful of 代 indicate,suggest,fear21.give rise to,lead to,result in,trigger 替换 cause.22.There are several reasons behind sth 替换.reasons for sth23.desire 替换 want.24.pour attention into 替换 pay attention to25.bear in mind that 替换 remember26.enjoy,possess替换have（注意process是过程的意思）27.interaction 替换 communication28.frown on sth 替换 be against,disagree with sth29.to name only a few,as an example 替换 for example,for instance30.next to/virtually impossible,替换 nearly/almost impossible希望各位朋友能够在平时的学习中多总结精彩、地道的词汇和句 型闪光点，并与大家共享！开头段常用核心句型The arguer may be right about.,but he seems to neglect to mention the fact that.Contrary to generally accepted views,I argue that.It is true that.,but this is not to say that.The main/obvious problem with this argument is that it is blind to the basic fact that.It would be natural/reasonable to think that.,but it would be absurd to claim that.There is absolutely no reason for us to believe that.At first thought,it may seem an attractive idea,but on second thought,we find that.The problem/fact is that.As far as I am concerned,I believe that.Those who object to.argue that.But people who favor.,on the other hand,argue that.中间段的常用核心句型The change in.mainly results from.The increase in.is due to the fact that.Many people would claim that.One of the reasons given for is that.There are a variety of reasons for this dramatic growth in.First.Second.Finally.Why are(is/do/did).?For one thing.For another.History is filled with the examples of.As is shown in the table released by the government,it can be learned that.There is(no)good evidence to.We must admit the undeniable fact that.No one can deny the fact that.Experience(Evidence)suggests that.The same is true of.结尾段的常用核心句型It is high time that we placed great emphasis on the improvement of.It is high time that we put an end to the unhealthy situation(tendency/phenomenon)of.There is no easy solution to the problem of.,but.might be useful.Unless there is a common realization of.,it is very likely that.It is essential that effective measures should be taken to prevent the situation.It is suggested that great efforts should be made to control the growth of.It is hoped that great efforts should be focused on finding(develop ing/improving).Anyway,more publicity should be given to the potential effects of.To control the tendency is not an easy job,and it involves a different state of attitude towards.To put all into a nutshell,I.为四六级写作“加分，的精彩好句一、用于批驳性和比较性论文1.In general,I dont agree with2.In my opinion,this point of view doesnt hold water.3.The chief reason why.is that.4.There is no true that.5.It is not true that.6.It can be easily denied than.7.We have no reason to believe that.8.What is more serious is that.9.But it is pity that.10.Besides,we should not neglect that.11.But the problem is not so simple.Therefore.12.Others may find this to be true,but I believer that.13.Perhaps I was question why.14.There is a certain amount of truth in this,but we still have a problem with regard to.15.Though we are in basic agreement with.,but16.What seems to be the trouble is.17.Yet differences will be found,thafs why I feel that.18.It would be reasonable to take the view thatbut it would be foolish to claim that.19.There is in fact on reason for us so believe that.20.What these people fail to consider is that.21.It is one thing to insist that.,it is quite another to show that.22.Wonderful as A is,however,it has its own disadvantages too.23.The advantages of B are much greater than A.24.As advantage sounds ridiculous when Bs advantages are taken into consideration.二、用于描写图表和数据1.It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998.2.There is an increase of 20%in total this year.3.It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995.4.It would be expected to increase 5 times.5.The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.6.It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996.7.The total number was lowered by 10%.8.It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year.9.Compared with 1997,it fell from 15 to 10 percent.10.The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.11.It has decreased almost two and half times,compared with.三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文1.Everybody knows that.2.1 t can be easily proved that.3.It is true that.4.No one can deny that5.One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is.6.The chief reason is that.7.We must recognize that.8.There is on doubt that.9.1 am of the opinion that.10.This can be expressed as follows;11.To take.for an example.12.We have reason to believe that13.Now that we know that.14.Among the most convincing reasons given,one should be mentioned.15.The change in.largely results from the fact that16.There are several causes for this significant growth in.,firstsecond finally.17.A number of factors could account for the development in.18.Perhaps the primary reason is.19.It is chiefly responsible of.20.The reasons for.are complicated,And probably they are found in the fact.21.Here are several possible reasons,excerpt that.22.Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that.23.It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon.24.Different people observes it in different ways.四、用于文章的开头1.As the proverb says.2.It goes without saying tan.3.Generally speaking.4.It is quite clear than because.5.It is often said that.6.Many people often ask such question:64.?7.More and more people have come to realize.8.There is no doubt that.9.Some people believe that.10.These days we are often told that,but is this really the case?11.One great man said that.12.Recently the issue of.has been brought to public attention.13.In the past several years there has been.14.Now it is commonly held that.but I doubt whether.15.Currently there is a widespread concern that.16.Now people in growing number are coming to realize that.17.There is a general discussion today about the issue of.18.Faced with.,quite a few people argue that.,but other people conceive differently.五、用于文章的结尾1.from this point of view.2.in a word.3.in conclusion.4.on account of this we can find that.5.the result is dependent on.6.therefore,these findings reveal the following information:7.thus,this is the reason why we must.8.to sum up.9.as far as.be concerned,I believe that.10.It is obvious that.11.There is little doubt that.12.There is no immediate solution to the problem ofbut.might be helpful13.None of the solutions is quite satisfactory.The problem should be examined in a new way.14.It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on.15.Taking into account all these factors,we may safely reach the conclustion that.六、用于论证和说明1.As it is described that.2.It has been illustrated that.3.It provides a good example of.4.We may cite another instance of.5.History man provides us with the examples of.6.A number of further facts may be added.7.The situation is not unique,it is typical of dozens I have heard.8.A recent investigation indicate that.9.According to the statistics provided.10.According to a latest study,it can be predicted.11.There is no sufficient evidence to show that.12.All available evidence points to the fact that.13.Examples given leads me to conclude that.14.It reveals the unquestionable fact that.15.The idea may be proved by facts.16.All the facts suggest that.17.No one can deny the fact that.18.We may face the undeniable fact that.表示比较和对照关系的句型：1)A is to B what/as C is to D(A 之于 B 犹如 C 之于 D).2)Just as.,so.3)A and B have sth in common.4)A is similar to B.5)The same is true of,The same can be said of(.也是如此).6)The advantages of A are much greater than B.7)compared with B,A has many advantages.8)The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊).9)Wonderful as A is,however,it has its own disadvantages too.10)Although A enjoys considerable advantage over.,it can not compete with B in.11)Contrary to widely accepted views,I believe that.12)What people fail to consider is that.13)It is one thing to insist that.,it is quite another to show that.14)Nothing can rival.(.是无与伦比的).15).has drawbacks as well as merits.16)A is superior(inferior)to B.17).varies from person to person(.是因人而异的)18)A is just the opposite(to B)19)A differs from B in that(A 不同于 B 在于.)20).is not the same(as)过渡性句型：1)this is true that.2)This is true,no doubt,but.3).also.4)It is one thing to.;it is another to.描写图表和数据的句型1).rank first(both)in.2).in proportion to.3)A is by far the largest.4)As many as.5)The number is.times as much as that of.6)The figure has nearly doubled/tripled,as against that of last year.7)It accounts for 35%of.8)By comparison with it decreased/increased/fell