1、Report Writing撰撰 写写 报报 告告第1页Report Structuren1.Introduction/Subject/Terms of Referencen2.Findings/Areas of Considerationn3.Conclusion(s)n(4.Recommendation(s)第2页Explain a Chart/Diagram描描 述述 图图/表表 格格第3页测测 试试 目目 标标n该类写作测试目标是让考生用完整句子该类写作测试目标是让考生用完整句子以自己语言说明以简单图示以自己语言说明以简单图示/条目提供信条目提供信息。息。第4页可分为以下几类可分为以下
2、几类n1.表格表格(table)n2.曲线图曲线图(graph)n3.柱状图柱状图/饼状图饼状图(bar/pie chart)第5页写写 作作 步步 骤骤n1.仔细观察图表,了解图表含义。仔细观察图表,了解图表含义。n2.将图表所包含信息简单分类,并列出提要。将图表所包含信息简单分类,并列出提要。n3.按提要计划自己要写段数,但普通仍以三段按提要计划自己要写段数,但普通仍以三段为佳。为佳。第6页Add a Clear Thesis Statement(综述全文综述全文)nWe should begin our essay with a clear statement of the thesis
3、.This is to provide the reader with an orientation as well as a context for the individual steps to follow.第7页 结结 构构n第一段:介绍第一段:介绍(Introduction)n第二段:正文第二段:正文(Body)n第三段:总结或评论第三段:总结或评论(Summary or Comments)第8页n右图是美国右图是美国Seattle市市Green Hall超市十一超市十一月所销售四种月所销售四种皮鞋价格与数皮鞋价格与数量对比图,请量对比图,请对该图作一个对该图作一个简明说明。词简明说
4、明。词数数100左右。左右。第9页n右图是美国海右图是美国海滨旅游小镇滨旅游小镇Bluebeach自自1960年以来所年以来所接待游客人数接待游客人数图,请对该图图,请对该图作一个简明说作一个简明说明,词数在明,词数在100词左右。词左右。第10页世界主要汽车生产国年产汽车百分比图世界主要汽车生产国年产汽车百分比图美国美国:44%日本日本:23%德国德国:20%韩国韩国:13%第11页介绍介绍:说明该图表性质、主要内容说明该图表性质、主要内容nThis chart shows how price affects peoples demand/buying of shoes in the Gre
5、en Hall Supermarket of Seattle.nThis graph shows how the number of tourists/visitors to the Bluebeach town increases from 1960 to/in the past 40 years.nThis chart shows the car productions from major car producing countries in the world.第12页开头语不一样结构开头语不一样结构nAs is shown from the graph below/on the ri
6、ght,people buy fewer shoes as the price of shoes goes upnWe can see from the graph below/on the right that the number of visitors to the Bluebeach town nAccording to the graph below/on the right,there are four major car producing countries in the world第13页表示数字惯用方法表示数字惯用方法 1.应用应用“there be”句式(例句式(例1)T
7、here are 140 pairs of shoes sold when the price reaches$150.n2.应用动词应用动词“have/has”(例例2)nThe Bluebeach town has 33,000 visitors in the year 1980.n3.应用原文中提供动词应用原文中提供动词(例例3)nKorea produces 14%of the total number of cars in the world.第14页表示改变惯用方法表示改变惯用方法n主要有下面两个句式:主要有下面两个句式:n1.主语主语+动词动词+副词副词+时间时间n n.+v.+
8、adv.+timen2.There be+形容词形容词+名词名词+时间时间n There be+a.+n.+time第15页nThe number of tourists to Bluebeach town remains almost the same from the year 1990 to the year.nThere is a sharp rise of the number of tourists to Bluebeach town from the year 1980 to the year 1990.第16页惯用动词有惯用动词有(注意:它们同时也能够用作名注意:它们同时也能够
9、用作名词,用作名词是惯用词,用作名词是惯用there be句式句式)增加增加 increase,rise,jump降低降低 decrease,fall,drop 表示不变表示不变 remain(stay)the same,remain steady表示起伏表示起伏fluctuate第17页惯用副词有惯用副词有nslowly,gradually,steadily,rapidly,suddenly,dramatically,significantly,sharply,steeply,slightlyn注意当把注意当把“ly”去掉时,它们就变成对去掉时,它们就变成对应形容词,能够修饰上面名词。应形容
10、词,能够修饰上面名词。第18页n表示曲线图最高点和最低点能够使表示曲线图最高点和最低点能够使用以下句型:用以下句型:nThe figures(situation)+npeaked(bottomed out)nreached a peak(the bottom)+in December at 20%.第19页可能出现简单比较可能出现简单比较nComparenCompared with,(subject)+verb.n(subject)+verbas compared withnmorethan that/those of第20页图表描述词汇总图表描述词汇总A Sum-up第21页上升上升n1.对
11、于上升趋势描述:对于上升趋势描述:a.能够使用动词或动词词组:能够使用动词或动词词组:to increase,to go up,to rise,to grow,to jump,to leap,to soar,to shoot,to pick upnb.能够使用名词:能够使用名词:an increase,a growth,a jump,a soar,an upward trend第22页2.对于上升到某个位置描述:对于上升到某个位置描述:na.1.a.中动词中动词to详细数据。详细数据。b.1.a.中动词中动词tothe peak of详细数详细数据。据。c.1.a.中动词中动词reaching
12、 the peak of+详细详细数据。数据。d.1.a.中动词中动词reaching+详细数据。详细数据。e.to peak at 详细数据详细数据f.to climb to+详细数据详细数据第23页n3.对于上升程度描述:对于上升程度描述:a.1.a.中动词中动词by 详细数据。详细数据。b.1.a.中动词副词。中动词副词。第24页下降下降n1.对于下降趋势描述:对于下降趋势描述:a.能够使用动词或动词词组:能够使用动词或动词词组:to fall,to decrease,to go down,to slide,to collapse,to decline,to drop,nb.能够使用名词
13、:能够使用名词:a collapse,a decrease,a fall,a decline,a drop第25页n2.对于下降到某个位置描述:对于下降到某个位置描述:a.1.a.中动词中动词to详细数据。详细数据。b.1.a.中动词中动词tothe bottom of详细数详细数据。据。c.1.a.中动词中动词reaching the bottom of+详详细数据。细数据。d.1.a.中动词中动词reaching+详细数据。详细数据。n3.对于下降程度描述:对于下降程度描述:a.1.a.中动词中动词by 详细数据。详细数据。b.1.a.中动词副词。中动词副词。第26页n对于平稳趋势描述,能
14、够使用动词或动对于平稳趋势描述,能够使用动词或动词词组:词词组:to hardly changeto have little changeto keep steadyto level offto remain constantto stay the same第27页表示程度副词:表示程度副词:n1.程度较大:程度较大:considerably,dramatically,greatly,markedly,obviously,quickly,rapidly,sharply,significantly,suddenly2.程度较小:程度较小:slightlygraduallyslowlysteadi
15、ly第28页时间嵌入时间嵌入n嵌入时间时所使用介词和介词词组:嵌入时间时所使用介词和介词词组:infromtobetween.andduringandat the start of by the end of over at the end of throughout 时间时间s+详细数据详细数据第29页上升和下降趋势组合描述(嵌入了时上升和下降趋势组合描述(嵌入了时间和程度之后):间和程度之后):n1.先上升后下降句型:先上升后下降句型:.increased slowly during and but fell sharply in.A steady fall in during and f
16、ollowed the sharp increase in.n2.先下降后上升句型:先下降后上升句型:fell before began to make a recovery continue the recovery,climbing to dropped during but increased again in fell and then pick up during collapsed before rising to at the end of 第30页n3.起伏波动句型:起伏波动句型:fluctuated sharply all through n4.波动不大句型:波动不大句型:h
17、ardly changed through the period between and n对于百分比进行描述所使用句型:对于百分比进行描述所使用句型:%the is/has/have/are accounts for%of the total takes up%in the whole chart第31页趋势比较趋势比较n1.表示相同句型表示相同句型(实例实例):Both share prices rose sharply in January.Neither company has made a profit yet.Like X,Y fell in June.X rose just as
18、 sharply as Y.n2.表示差异句型(实例):表示差异句型(实例):X fell sharply whereas/while Y remained steady.X fell quickly compared to Y.Unlike Y,X rose by 10%.X rose far more dramatically than Y.第32页n3.表示倍数句型:表示倍数句型:the doubled/tripled in compared with those in n4.客观比较句型:客观比较句型:is in contrast to 第33页数据修饰数据修饰n1.表示不足词或词组:表示不足词或词组:up to,below,under,almost,nearlyn2.表示超出词或词组:表示超出词或词组:over,more than,just overn3.表示大约词:表示大约词:about,approximately第34页学会使用正确时态学会使用正确时态/语态语态n判断时态,首先注意图表中是否有时间判断时态,首先注意图表中是否有时间出现。假如没有,则使用普通现在时,出现。假如没有,则使用普通现在时,假如有,通常使用普通过去时。假如有,通常使用普通过去时。n写这类作文时,注意要使用被动语态。写这类作文时,注意要使用被动语态。第35页