美国文学试题-半期.doc

(完整版)美国文学试题 半期美国文学期中试题 （The Literature of Realism)姓名 学号 I。Fill in the blanks. 1. Realism had originated in the country _ _France as a literary doctrine that called for reality and truth” in the depiction of ordinary life。 2。 The arbiter of nineteenth century literary realism in America was William Dean Howells3. _Henry Jams_ probed deeply at the individual psychology of his characters, writing in a rich and intricate style that supported his intense scrutiny of complex human experience。 4. _Mark Twain_ , breaking out of the narrow limits of local color fiction， described the breadth of American experience as no one had ever done before, or since。 5. _Darwinism_ had an evident influence on naturalism。 It seemed to stress the animality of man, to suggest that he was dominated by the irresistible forces of evolution。 6。 The poetic style Walt Whitman devised is now called _free verse_ , that is poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme. 7. In his cluster of poems called Leaves of Grass， _Walt Whitman_ gave America its first genuine epic poem。 8。 There is no doubt that the solitary Emily Dickinson of _Amherst_, Massachusetts , is a poet of great power and beauty. 9. There was only one female prose writer in the nineteenth century. That was_Harriet Beecher Stowe 10. Harriet Beecher Stowe s masterpiece is Uncle Toms Cabin_ 。 11. Samuel Langhorne Clemens is better known by the pen name Mark Twain_.12. One of Samuel Langhorne Clemens best books Life on the Mississippi is built around his experiences as a steamboat pilot. 13. The result of Mark Twain s European trip was a series of newspaper articles, later published as a book called Innocents Abroad_ . 14。 Mark Twain_ was the first literary giant born west of the Mississippi。 15. Mark Twains work The Mysterious Stranger tells of the visits of an angel to the village of Eseldorf in Austria in 1590。 16。 William Sidney Porter， whose pen name was _O。Henry_ ， was the author of The Cop and the Anthem. 17。 Many of O。 Henrys stories tell about the life of poor people in _New York_18. 0。 Henry sympathized with the poors lot and hated those rich who exploited and despised them。 This is especially seen in his story entitled _An Unfinishedtory_19. It is said that O。 Henry imitated a French author named De Maupassant as a model, and there is indeed much in common between these two writers。 20。 The title of one of O。 Henry s books The Four Millions_ indicates that he considered all the people of New York City worth writing about， instead of only the upper class。 21。 Henry James first novel is Watch and ward_ ， which failed to make him famous. 22。 The novel which was described by an American critic as ”an outrage to American girlhood is Henry James Daisy Miller_ . 23. Henry James first important fiction was A passionate Pilgrim_ , in which he took up for the first time the theme of The American in Europe。 24. In 1881， Henry James published his novel _The portrait of a Lady_ , which is generally considered as his masterpiece. 25. Henry Jams_ is considered the founder of Psychological realism. He believed that reality lies in the impressions made by life on the spectator. 26. The name of the heroine in The Portrait of a Lady is _Isabel Archer_ 。 27。 In 1902 Jack London published his first novel A Daughter of The Snows_. 28. _Martin Eden_ is the novel into which Jack London put most of himself。 29。 The first novel of Theodore Dreiser was _Sister Carrie_ 。 30。 The identification of potency with money is at the heart of Theodore Dreisers Masterpiece An American Tragedy_ 。 31. The protagoniswof Theodore Dreisers Trilogy of Desire is _Frank Cowperwood32。 Theodore Dreiser visited the Soviet Union in 1927 and published Dreiser Looks at Russia he following year. 33. Theodore Dreisers novel Sister Carrie_ ， a commercial and critical failure when first published in 1900, was reissued in 1907 and won high praise for its grim, naturalistic portrayal of American society。 34. Mark Twain s first novel， The Gilded Age_ was an artistic failure, but it gave its name to the America of the postbellum period which it attempts to satirize. 35. Three years life on the Mississippi left such a fond memory with Mark Twain that he returned to the theme more than once in his writing career. His book Life on the Mississippi relates it in a vivid, moving way。 36。 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn_was Mark Twain s masterpiece from which， as Hemingway noted， all modern American literature comes。 ” 37. The best work that Mark Twain ever produced is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn _ , which was a success from its first publication in 1884, and has always been regarded as one of the great books of western literature and western civilization. 38. _Stephen Crane_ is the pioneer who wrote in the naturalistic tradition。 39。 Stephen Crane s noel Maggi, Girl of the Streets_ relates the story of a good woman s down fall and destruction in a slum environment. 40. War in the novel The Red Badge of Courage _ by Stephen Crane is a plain slaughterhouse. There is nothing like valor or heroism on the battlefield, and if there is anything , it is the fear of death, cowardice, the natural instinct of man to run from danger。 41. Benjamin Frank Norris s novel McTeague_ has been called ”the first fullbodied naturalistic American novel and a consciously naturalistic manifesto. 42。 Jack Londons masterwork Martin Eden_ is somewhat autobiographical。 43。 O。 Henrys The Gift of the Magi_ is a very moving story of a young couple who sell their best possessions in order to get money for a Christmas present for each other。 II。 Analyze the following work 1. Analyze Theodore Dreisers Sister Carrie Theodore Dreisers Sister Carrie is a famous work of America in 20 century. it was written by Theodore Dreiser who was an American novelist andjournalist, and its the greatest naturalist writer as well. Sister Carrie tells the story of a small country girl Carrie who moves to Chicago to realize her “American Dream”and eventually becomes a Broadway star in New York. Despite living a luxurious life， she is lost in spirit。 Reading the novel ，,we may easily care Carries different needs and desires arising gradually and also the betrayal of traditional moral code in the process of persuing material gain. However, the reasons why Carrie has various needs at different stages of life ,mainly based on Maslows hierarchy of needs. One is Carries inner desires; the other is the outside force， including temptations of environment, cities, and etc. The interaction between them makes Carrie lose herself eventually。 It seems to tell people that in modern society material supplies more and more abundantly， but we should never pursue it blindly and much importance should be attached to happiness and stability created by spirit. It is essential to ponder the significance and the value of life。 In the novel， Dreiser depicted the reality of the deep gap between the poor and the rich and the situation of poor working people. It exposes the cruel relationship between persons, and citizens hypocrisy of bourgeoisie. Whats more , it reveals the rotten way of life of bourgeoisie. It smashes the mythic of socalled “American Dream”。 Dreiser made great contributions to American literature. Though some people criticize Dreisers style。 They complain too many details and his language is not clear. But nobody could deny his importance in American naturalism。 The novels plot is coincidence with the order of Maslows hierarchy of needs. It exhibits that Carries destiny is inevitably。For Carrie, life is a state of wanting, which keeps her hunting。 She needs what she wants and prioritizes them. An inexperienced girl comes to the prosperous city with beautiful illusions.But the picture is not optimistic.Carrie is miserable with cold and hunger ，and loses her position because of illness。 And finally, Carrie succeeds in New York as a musical star。 She immerses herself into the upper social class . She has wealth in abundance。 Then she realizes that happiness is not identical with wealth。 She feels lonely and void in spirit。 She ponders what happiness is。 Though Carrie has not founded happiness she wants, she will keep pursuing.