1、一、重点短语1. feel free (to do.)(可以)随便(做某事)2. as far as I know 就我所知3. take in. 吸入.4. risk ones life 冒着生命危险5. in the face of. 面对(问题、困难等)6. even though 即使,虽然(=even if)7. at birth 出生时8. up to. 到达(某数量、程度等);至少有. (Up to now,迄今为止)9. fall over 绊倒10. . or so 大约11.die from. 死于.二、重点词法1.protectv. 保护protect sb./sth.
2、from保护某人/物免受.An umbrella can protect you from the rain.雨伞可以保护你不受雨淋。2.succeedv. 成功succeedindoing sth. 成功做某事Theysucceeded inclimbing the highest mountain in the world.他们成功地登上了世界上最高的山峰。success n. 成功successful adj. 成功的successfully adv. 成功地3.achievev. 达到,完成achieve ones dream= make ones dream come true实现某
3、人的梦想We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.我们永远不能放弃实现梦想。achievement n. 成就They were proud of their childrens achievements.他们对孩子的成就感到自豪4.populationn.人口(1) population直接作主语时意为“人口数”,这时谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:The population of this city is six million这个城市的人口是600万。=This cityhas a population ofsix milli
4、on.=This cityhas six million people.(2)询问“某地有多少人口”要用“What?”或“How large?”提问,不用how many或how much等词语。例如:Whats the population ofGermany?How large is the population ofGermany?德国的人口是多少?(3) 表示人口“多”要用large或big修饰,表示人口“少”要用small修饰。例如:10,000 years ago,the worlds population was very small一万年前世界人口很少。The populati
5、on of China is much larger than that of the USA中国的人口比美国的人口多得多。5.awakeadj. 醒着作表语。例如:They arent awake yet. 他们还没醒呢。作宾语补足语 例如:The noise was keeping everyone awake.喧闹声吵得大家都睡不着。作后置定语 例如:He was the only person awake at the moment.他是那时唯一醒着的人其动词形式为wake,意为“唤醒;弄醒”,常用词组为“wake up”,wake up是动副词词组,代词放在中间。例如:Please
6、wake me up at 7:00.请于七点钟叫醒我。6.remainv.仍然是; 保持不变; 剩余; 遗留(1)用作连系动词,指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态,意为“一直保持、仍然(处于某种状态)、继续存在、依然”,后面可接形容词。例如:When we are in danger, we should remain calm.当我们处于危险之中,我们应该保持冷静。(2)remain用作不及物动词,意为“遗留;剩余”。例如:Only a few leaves remained on the tree.树上只剩下几片叶子了。(3)remain 作名词时,表示“剩余物”,一般用其复数形式。例如:Th
7、eremainsof a meal can be given to a pig.残汤剩饭可以喂猪。(4)remaining 是形容词,意为“剩余的”,常作前置定语;而left则只能作后置定语。例如:There are only 5 books left.只剩下五本书了。He bought me a gift with the remaining money.他用剩余的钱给我买了一件礼物。三、重点句型1. China is over 5,000 years old. Ithas a much longer historythan the US. 中国有超过5千年的历史,这比美国历史要久远得多。(
8、1)修饰比较级是副词much的常见用法,“much + 比较级”的意思是“更”“得多”,例如:Its much colder today than it was yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。(2)比较常见的可以修饰比较级的词还有a little (一点); a bit (有点); a lot (更); even(甚至)等。例如:It is a little colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天稍微冷一点。(3)very, too 与quite等程度副词只能修饰形容词原级,不能修饰比较级。例如:The book is very interesting.这本
9、书很有趣。(4)have/has a history of +时间 有. 历史。2.One ofthe worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. 世界上最危险的运动之一是登山运动,并且最受欢迎的登山地点之一是喜马拉雅山。One of+形容词的最高级+名词复数,表示“最之一”,谓语动词用单数。例如:One of the most careful girls in my class is Rose.在我班最细心的女孩
10、之一是Rose。3.Adult pandasspendmore than 12 hours a dayeatingabout 10 kilos of bamboo.成年熊猫一天花费12个多小时吃大约10公斤竹子。spend,cost, take 与pay的用法区别(1) spend的主语必须是人,常用于以下结构:spend time / money on sth. 在上花费时间(金钱)。例如:I spent two hours on this math problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例如:
11、They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(2) cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”, 常用于句型sth. costs (sb.) 金钱某物花了(某人)多少钱。例如:A new computer costs me a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花我一大笔钱。(3) take后面常跟双宾语,常用于句型 It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例如:It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这
12、条路。(4) pay常用于句型 pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买。例如:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付20英磅的房租。4. Scientists saythere arenow fewer than 2,000 pandaslivingin theremainingforests.科学家说现在有不足2000只熊猫住在现存的森林里。“There be”是英语中最常见的又是非常重要的句型,它是表示“存在”的一种基本方式,其句型结构通常为:There be + sb. / st
13、h. + doing sth. 例如:There is a dog lying under the tree.在树下有一只狗躺着。四、重点语法-形容词副词的最高级1. 定义: 对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较2. 结构: the + 形容词最高级 (the)+副词最高级3. 形容词副词最高级的规则变化:和比较级变化一致;-er 换成 -est4. 最高级句型1)最高级in/of . (in+范围,of+对象)“中最”。She is the most beautiful girl in her class. /of these three girls.她是班里/三个女孩中最漂亮的女孩2)one
14、of the + adj.最高级 + 名词复数, “最.的之一”。The Nile is one of the longest rivers in the world.尼罗河是世界上最长的河流之一。3)Who / Which 最高级, A,B or C?“谁哪一个最, A,B 还是 C?”。Which do you like best, tea, coffee or juice?你最喜欢哪个,茶,咖啡还是果汁?【巩固原级比较级】1. 同级比较:1)肯定形式:as(形容词原级) as. 和一样。2)否定形式:not as /so (形容词原级) as.,.不如.。2. 比较级:1)比较级than. 比.更.。Our house is smaller than yours.我们的房子比你的小。2)The 比较级, the 比较级 越., 越. 。The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙,越开心。3) 比较级and比较级,越来越. 。Its getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。4) Who/Which比较级,A or B? 谁哪一个更., A 还是 B?Who is taller, Lisa or her sister?谁更高, Lisa 还是她姐姐?