初三-不定代词的用法总结-修正版.pptx

不定代不定代词的用法的用法总结1.定定义：所谓“不定”，就是“不确定”“不明确”的意思，所以不定代词就是指不明确表示代替某特定名词或形容词的代词；分类：（1）普通不定代词（2）复合不定代词2.（1）普通不定代词some;anyfew;little none 没有一个 one other 其它的many;much either两者中的一个neither两者都不each;everyboth;all3.some与any一般说来，some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。如：肯定句：He asked some questions.他问了一些问题。否定句：He didnt ask any questions.他没有问任何问题。疑问句：Did he ask any questions?他问了些问题没有?但是，在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，希望对方的肯定回答，通常要用 some 而不用any。如：Shall I get some for you?要我帮你拿些来吗?Since you have plenty of them,why not give her some?既然你有那么多，为什么不给她一些呢?any 有时也用于肯定句中，表示“任何”的意思。如：Any of these may suit you.这些中间的任何一个都可能适合你。(2)普通不定代词的用法4.many与much两者意思相同，都表示“许多”，但用法不同，many用于修饰或代替可数名词;而much用于修饰或代替不可数名词。如：Many trees fell in the storm.在暴风雨中许多树倒了。Much money has been wasted that way.很多钱都这样浪费了。5.every与each的区别each every 1)可单独使用 1)不可单独使用 2)可做代名词、形容词 2)仅作形容词3)着重“个别”3)着重“全体”，毫无例外4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物6.There are trees on each side of the street.在河流的两旁都有树。Every student passed the exam.所有学生都通过了考试。Each of us wears a red coat.我们每个人都穿着红外套The teacher gave a toy to each child.Each ball has a different color.当我们说each child,each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说every child和every student时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。Every student loves the English teacher.=All students love the English teacher.Every child likes playing.=All children like playing.7.few,a few,little,a little在用法上的区别表示肯定 表示否定 用于可数名词 a few虽少，但有几个 few不多，几乎没有 用于不可数名词 a little，虽少，但有一点 little不多，没有什么 含义 用法 8.Im going to buy a few apples.He can speak only a little Chinese.There is only a little milk in the glass.He has few friends.They had little money with them.2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。Im a little hungry.(修饰形容词hungry)Let him sleep a little.(修饰动词sleep)Mary,go a little faster,please.(修饰副词比较级)She slept very little last night.9.all与bothall指三者或三者以上的人或物,既可代替或修饰可数名词也可代替和修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。Both of my parents like sports.我的父母都喜欢运动。All of us should work hard.我们都应努力工作.10.either与neithereither意思是“两个中间的任何一个”；neither意思是“两个都不”。He wrote to either of them.他给他们中的一个人写了信.-Will you go there by bus or by car?Neither.I will go there by train.你坐公车去还是坐轿车去？一个都不坐,我坐火车去。11.other,the other,another,others,the others的区别用 法代名词 形容词 单数 复数 单数 复数 不定 another另一个others别人，其他人another(boy)另一个（男孩）other(boys)其他男孩 特定 the other另一个 the others其余那些人、物 the other(boy)另一个男孩 the other(boys)其余那些男孩 12.1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。Where are his other books?I havent any other books except this one.2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one.,the other.”句型。He has two brothers.One is 10 years old,the other is 5 years old.She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.13.3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some.,others.”句型。Some went to the cinema,others went swimming.This coat is too large.Show me some others,please.4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。We got home by 4 oclock,but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock.In our class only Tom is English,the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.You can see another ship in the sea,cant you?Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt.Would you please show her another one?6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。Im still hungry after Ive had this cake.Please give me another.14.（2）复合不定代词 复合不定代词指的是由some,any,every,no后接thing,one,body等构成的一类代词。somebody（某人）anybody（某人/任何人）nobody（没有人）everybody（每人）someone（某人）anyone（某人/任何人）no one（没有人）everyone（每人）something（某事）anything（某事/任何事）nothing（没有东西）everything（每一件事）15.当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如：Xiao Ming,I have something important to tell you.小明，我有重要的事情要告诉你。We need one more helper.Can you find anyone else?我们还需要一个助手。你能再给我们找一个吗？16.练习题：1He cant hear you,because there is _ noise here.Avery muchBtoo muchCmuch tooDso many2There isnt _ water in the cup.AanyBmanyCsomeDthe3The bottle is empty.There is _ in it.AanythingBsomethingCnothing4-“There isnt _ water here.Could you get _ for me?”-“All ringht.”Asome;someBany;anyCsome;anyDany;some5There are lots of English books here,and _ of them is easy to understand.AbothBallCeveryDeach6These sweaters are too small for me.Please show me _ one.AotherBothersCthe othersDanother17.7“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like _,because theyre not useful.”AbothBeitherCallDneither8They were all very tired,but _ of them would stop to take a rest.AanyBsomeCnoneDneither9“Havent you forgotten _?”“_,oh,I forgot my bag.”Aanything;Excuse meBsomething;Excuse meCsomething;PardonDeverything;Pardon10Be quiet!I have _ to tell you.Aimportant anythingBanything importantCimportant somethingDsomething important11-_ of the boys in Class Four are playing games.-_.AAllBEachCThe bothDNone12There are twenty teachers in this gradeEight of them are women teachers and _ are men teachers.Athe otherBthe othersCOthers Dother18.1-5 BACDD 6-10 DDCAD 11-12 AB19.THANK YOUTHANK YOU20.