英语九大语音现象.doc

(完整版)英语九大语音现象
1. 语速问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的语速问题
Ø 如何解决语速问题
2。 连读问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的连读问题
(1） 关键性词语出现连读：否定形式
l not at all：The meeting yesterday wasn't at all boring.
（2） 常用性词语出现连读
l for him
Ø 连读中的基本规则
(1） 辅音+元音连读
l I was found on the ground by the fountain about a field of a summer stride.
l Not at all。
l Rush hour。
l This dictionary is not exactly what I wanted but it will do。
l Travel agency， travel agent
(2） 辅音+辅音连读
l Some money， bike key
（3） 元音+元音连读
l Be on time
（4） H连读
l I lent him a book.
l Larry is taking a lot of art, isn’t he？
l The stuff the nurse gave me seemed to have helped。
l I must have left my keys at my sister’s house。
l She learned to use the computer on her own.
（5） 其他特殊连读
l 【t】+【j】=【ch】：meet you, hurt you， that your
l 【d】+【j】=【dg】：would you, hand your, did you
l 【s】+【j】=【sh】:miss you, this year
l 【z】+【j】=【g】：as usual, because you
l Example： won't you, don’t you, didn’t you， haven't you， hadn't you， wouldn't you, weren’t you， last year, next year， not yet, did you， had you， would you, I advice you， I use your, how’s your
Ø 如何解决连读问题
3。 失爆问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的失爆问题：【p】，【b】，【t】，【d】，【k】，【g】任意两个连续出现就会发生失爆现象
l Sit down, good night, friendly
l —this calculator isn’t working right。
-I think you’ve got the battery in upside down。
Ø 如何解决失爆问题
4. 略读问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的略读问题：书写时将两个或多个相邻的单词省略某些字母而连接起来
l I am = I'm, you have = you’ve， how is = how’s, that would = that’d
l Doesn’t， didn’t, shouldn’t， hadn’t, hasn’t， wouldn’t， won't
l Official guide P199：OK. So we’ve talked about some different types of root systems of plants， and I’ve shown you some pretty cool slides, but now I want to talk about the extent of the rot system— the overall size of the root system…the depth.
Ø 如何解决略读问题
l I’m， you’re， she’s, they’re, there's， he’s, who’s
l We’ve， he'll， she’d， she’ll， she's, they'd, they’ve， they’ll
l Can’t, weren’t, won’t， aren’t， wouldn’t， shouldn’t
l Gotta， gonna
5。 弱读问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的弱读问题
（1） 介词弱化：
l stay at home, do it for fun， come from China, go in the house， a cup of coffee， the train to Paris
(2） 代词弱化:
l Phone us when you are free。
l I’ve lost my book。
（3) 连词弱化:
l Please give me some cream and sugar。
l Either Tom or Peter can come.
Ø 如何解决弱读问题
6。 英美音差异问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的英美音问题
（1） 【r】音问题
l Idea, really
l They weren’t at the dorm last night。
(A) They went to the dormitory。
（B) They didn’t go to the dormitory。
l —The snow is really coming down， isn’t it？
—Rarely do we have so much snow in December.
-What does the man mean？
（A) it is typical December weather for this region.
（B) such a large amount of snow is unusual for this month.
(2) 【o】【a:】
l Glass, class, fast
l Hot, box， rock
（3） 其他情况
l Neither
Ø 如何解决英美音问题
l 常见易混音:Course-cause, once more—one small, career-Korea， worse-was， bore-ball， door—doll， core—call, tear-tea， short—shot
l 不加儿化音的词:China, Australia， banana， wall
l 常见英美音不同读法:Neither， either, record， cupboard, cassette， garage, laboratory， adult， ordinarity, secretary， dictionary
7. 词性变音问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的词性变音问题
l Method— methodically
l 校园词汇的变音：meterology， economics, geography
Ø 如何解决词性变音问题
l Company-companion， library—librarian， geography—geographical， ignore—ignorant， photo—photographer-photographic， declare—declaration, economy—economic—economical， invite-invitation, technology—technological, type-typical， wild—wildness
8. 缩写问题
Ø 托福听力过程中的缩写问题
l Sitcom
l Chem lab
l prof
Ø 如何解决词性缩写问题
l Intro. Course = introductory course 导论性课 Demo = demonstration 演示Memo = memorandum 备忘录Info。 = Information 信息 Expo = exposition 博览会Chem。= chemistry 化学 Comm。 = commerce 商业 Tech = technology 技术 Ad.= advertisement 广告Dorm = dormitory 寝室 M.A. = Master of Arts 文学硕士 M。S。 = Master of Science 理学硕士 B.A。 =Bachelor of Arts文学士 B.S。 = Bachelor of Science理学士alga = algebra 代数学、代数 anat = anatomy 解剖学、解剖 archit = architecture 建筑学、建筑 arith = arithmetic 算术、算术 astron = astronomy 天文学、天文eng = engineering工程学、工程 electr = electricity电学、电 fin = finance财政学、财政 geol = geology地质学、地质 geom = geometry几何学、几何 gram = grammar文法 hist = history历史、史 ling = linguistics语言学、语言 maths = mathematics数学、数学 mech = mechanics 机械学、机械 med = medical医学、医 met = meteorology气象学、气象 myth = mythology 神话 phil = philosophy哲学 phon = phonetics 语言学、语言 photo = photography摄影术、摄影 phys = physics物理学、物理 physiol = physiology生理学、生理 pol = politics政治学、政治 psych = psychology心理学、心理