英语15选10练习题.doc

(完整版)英语15选10练习题（一）A Nepali teenager has designed a 23 solar panel using human hair。Milan Karki， who is 18 years old and lives in a village in rural Nepal， used human hair to replace silicon， which is a common but ( 1） component of solar panels。By using hair as a ( 2) , Karki said that solar panels can be produced for around 23, a price tag that could be (3) if they were mass-produced。The solar panel works because melanin, the pigment （色素） that gives hair its color, is light (4) and can act as an electrical conductor. Karki was inspired to follow this 5 by a Stephen Hawking book， which （ 6) how to create static energy from hair.The device that Karki has (7 ） is capable of producing 9V or 18W of energy-plenty to ( 8 ) a mobile phone。“Half a kilo of hair can be bought for only 16p in Nepal and whereas a pack of batteries would cost 50p and last a few nights, according to The Daily Mail.Milan and his four classmates ( 9） made the solar panel as an experiment but the teens are （ 10) it has wide applicability and commercial viability。Karki has now sent out several devices to other districts near his home for testing。 He said， “First I wanted to provide electricity for my home， then my village。 Now I am thinking for the whole world。A)route B) charge C） important D） expensive E） declined F） replacement G） explained H) sensitiveI） convinced J） initially K) demonstrated L） simplyM） produced N) halved O) sensibleD F N H A G K B J I (二）Womens Day marks the role of women in both the past and the present。 It was started to 1 the importance of working women and bring their problems to 2 . However, 3 the day is not a oneday agenda。 The real challenge lies in the natural flow of feelings-honoring and celebrating womanhood on a particular March 8 only to forget its importance the next day is 4 . In countries like South Africa， the people celebrate the national Womens day on August 9 every year with a variety of events。 Womens Day on August 9 marks the day， in 1956， when 20，000 women 5 on the Union Buildings in Pretoria to protest against one of the cornerstones of apartheid （种族隔离) -the passed laws。 The countries will nowadays celebrate the month of August, by a ceremony 6 women in politics and decisionmaking positions, and 7 them certificates of honor. International Womens Day was commemorated in the United States during the 1910s and 1920s, but then 8 。 It was revived during the womens movement in the 1960s， but without its socialist associations. In 1981， the U。 S。 Congress passed a 9 establishing National Womens History Week. Since its founding, the National Womens History Project has recognized and celebrated the rich and 10 contributions of women to the history and culture of the United States.declined B) celebrating C） paraded D） awardingE) light F） resolution G) marched H） increasinglyI) essentially J) highlight K） disrespectful L) diminishedM） varied N） promoting O) determinationJ E I K G N D A F M(三)Personality is to a large extent inherent-A type parents usually bring about A type 1 。 But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents， it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very 2 ， a highly competitive institution。 Too many schools adopt the win at all costs moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The 3 passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B type fellows。 Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying： “Rejoice， we conquer！By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations。 It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well。 The merits of competition by examination are somewhat 4 , but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is 5 harmful.Obviously， it is neither practical nor 6 that all A youngsters change into Bs. The world needs types， and schools have an important duty to try to fit a childs personality to his possible future employment。 It is top management.If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was 7 , more time might be spent teaching children surer values。 Perhaps selection for the caring professions， especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as 8 and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors 9 from A type stock. Bs are important and should be 10 。A）encouraged B） education C) positively D) questionableE) disadvantageous F） lessened G) exclusively H） increasedI） sensitivity J) specialty K) offspring L) natureM) desirable N） current O) possibleK L N D C M F I G A（四)Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adult life, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers evidence of a developing underclass。 Tests and interviews with hundreds of people born in a single week in 1958 1 illustrated the handicap of educational underachievement。 The effects were seen in unemployment, low incomes， depression and social 2 。 Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for up to four years less than good readers at the time they reached 37. Professor John Bynner of City University， who 3 out the research， said that todays 4 people would face even greater problems because the supply of manual jobs had 5 up. Poor readers were twice as likely to be on a low 6 and four times as likely to live in a household where neither partner worked。 Women in this position were five times as likely to be classified as 7 ， while both sexes tended to feel they had no control over their lives， and to be 8 of others。 Those with low literacy and numeracy skills were seldom involved in any 9 organization and much less likely than others to have 10 in a general election. There had been no improvement in the level of interviewees since the sample was surveyed at the age of 21.A) activity B） carried C） wage D) driedE) kept F） vividly G） clearly H） communityI) inactivity J) respectful K） unqualified L） depressedM) doubtful N） idle O） votedG I B K D C L M H O(五)Technically， any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people 1 believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal 2 taken by drug addicts. They dont realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more 3 term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists。 The phrase substance abuse is often used instead of drug abuse to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as 4 misused as heroin and cocaine. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs） is pervasive； an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be 5 ， coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses？ First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce 6 effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions。 Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the 7 effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is 8 . Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception， mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants， or hallucinogens (致幻剂）. Stimulants initially speed up or 9 the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down。 Hallucinogens have their primary effect onperception， distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations (幻觉）. These are the substances often called psychedelic (迷幻药） (from the Greek word meaning “mind manifesting”） because they seemed to radically 10 ones state of consciousness。A) destroy B） harmfully C） mistakenly D） certainlyE） sociable F） alter G) chemical H） stimulusI） negative J) activate K） neutral L） desiredM） popular N) discontinued O) disappearedC G K B E I L N J F（六）The majority of people, about nine out of ten， are right-handed. Up until recently， people who were lefthanded were considered to be 1 , and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands. Today left-handedness is generally 2 ， but it is still a 3 in a world where most people are right-handed. For example, most tools and 4 are still designed for right-handed people。In sports， by 5 ， doing things with the left hand or foot， is often an advantage. Throwing, kicking， punching or batting from the “wrong” side may result in throwing off many opponents who are more 6 to dealing with the majority of players who are righthanded. This is why， in many games at a professional level, a higher proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole。The word “right” in many languages means “correct” or is 7 with lawfulness， whereas the word associated with “left”, such as “sinister”, generally have 8 associations。 Moreover， among a number of primitive peoples there is a close association between death and left hand.In the past， in most Western societies， children were often forced to use their right hands， 9 to write with. In some cases the left hand was 10 behind the childs back so it could not be used。 If， in the future, they are allowed to choose， they will certainly be more lefthanders， and probably fewer people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their right hands.A) tied B） abnormal C) comparison D） contrast E） accustomed F) negative G） connected H) minorityI） implements J） illegal K） especially L) speciallyM） disadvantage N） opposed O) acceptedB O M I D E G F K A(七）Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 。 You may even have tried a fad diet or two， but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly， you dont have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term， 49 effects。You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing， blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity。 The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates。 The lower the intensity， the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running， rollerblading， swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity。Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise。 In short， a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100yard sprint will burn glycogen.A positiveB additionalC durationD effectiveeE shed F physicalG food H functions I participated J rely K cut L repeatedlyM uses N little O obviousE F A H B C G D L I（八）A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone。 But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?It may well be possible。 When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower。50 ， a biodegradable （生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists。 It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft。 and able to change shape。 Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 。 British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed。 When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸盐）。 These feed the seed and help the flower grow.Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed。 They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away。”Weve only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far。 But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time,” said one scientist.A Recently B consumer C chemical D environment E combineF transparent G buy H companion I experts J forms K buryL paper M paper N plastic O UsuallyE O K A B N C G F I(九）In recent years， more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States。 Both the advantages and the disadvantages47 using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be48 , of course。 It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also49 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50 , what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from51 at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching。 Both the visiting professor and his students52 a common ground in each others cultures， so