单招英语语法复习名词及其考点.pptx

单招英招英语语法复法复习-名名词及其考点及其考点考点梳理考点梳理1 1不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，他们不能直接和表示数字的词或不定冠词连用，也没有复数形不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，他们不能直接和表示数字的词或不定冠词连用，也没有复数形式。常考的不可数名词有：式。常考的不可数名词有：musicmusic，funfun，newsnews，informationinformation，adviceadvice，weatherweather，homeworkhomework，workwork，airair，timetime，moneymoney，paperpaper，traffictraffic，practicepractice，progressprogress等。等。2 2不可数名词可以借助量词来表示一定的数量。如：不可数名词可以借助量词来表示一定的数量。如：a piece of newsa piece of news（一则新闻）（一则新闻）two bottles of two bottles of waterwater（两瓶水）（两瓶水）four pieces of advice four pieces of advice（四条建议）（四条建议）six pieces of paper six pieces of paper（六张纸）。（六张纸）。考点一：不可数名词考点一：不可数名词 考点梳理考点梳理考点一：不可数名词考点一：不可数名词 【例题】【例题】()1 The CCTV reported the Premier Wen played basketball with some students on Childrens Day._!And Premier Wen always encourages us to study hard and do more sports.A.How an amazing news B.How amazing news C.What an amazing newsD.What amazing news()2What _ weather it is!Lets go out for a walk.A.a fine B.fine C.a D./考点梳理考点梳理考点一：不可数名词考点一：不可数名词 【例题】【例题】()3 Wheres Jack?Hes left a _ saying that he will be back in a minute.A.message B.news C.information()4 We will build a subway in Fuzhou before 2014 Wow,_!Will it pass our place?A.what an excited news B.how excited the news is C.what exciting news D.how exciting news考点梳理考点梳理1 1表示某个人物、事物、地点、组织或国家等名称的词。表示某个人物、事物、地点、组织或国家等名称的词。如：如：China the Great Wall Uncle Li Lucy the USA China the Great Wall Uncle Li Lucy the USA 2 2当专有名词是以词组的形式表示时，其中的冠词、介词等虚词不用大写。当专有名词是以词组的形式表示时，其中的冠词、介词等虚词不用大写。如：如：the Great Wall the Peoplethe Great Wall the People s Republic of China s Republic of China 3 3专有名词一般没有复数形式，但有时也会以复数形式出现。专有名词一般没有复数形式，但有时也会以复数形式出现。考点二：专有名词考点二：专有名词 考点梳理考点梳理考点二：专有名词考点二：专有名词 【例题】【例题】()5_ are going to the USA tomorrow.A.Smiths B.Smiths B.C.The Smith D.The Smiths()6Lincoln was elected _ of America.A.President B.a president C.the president D.president()7_ is the most important festival in China.A.Christmas B.Spring Festival C.Mid-autumn Day D.National Day 考点梳理考点梳理1 1一般直接加一般直接加-s-s，如：，如：deskdesk desks girl desks girl girls map girls map maps desk maps desk desks desks【例题】【例题】A number of _A number of _（studentstudent）will go abroad for further study in foreign countries.will go abroad for further study in foreign countries.2 2以以s s，x x，shsh，chch结尾的单词常在词尾加结尾的单词常在词尾加-es-es，如：，如：busbus buses glass buses glass glasses box glasses box boxes boxes brushbrush brushes watch brushes watch watches match watches match matches matches3 3以辅音字母以辅音字母+y+y结尾变结尾变y y为为i i再加再加-es-es，如：，如：storystory stories baby stories baby babies country babies country countries countries citycity cities family cities family families families。但是以元音字母。但是以元音字母+y+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s-s变复数。如：变复数。如：boyboy boys key boys key keys monkey keys monkey monkeys holiday monkeys holiday holidays holidays等。等。考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 考点梳理考点梳理考点三：可数名词单数变为复数考点三：可数名词单数变为复数 的几条规律的几条规律 【例题】【例题】8When we have PE class,our teacher doesnt allow us to wear the _（watch）.9Many _（baby）are playing happily.Half of them are _（boy）.()10 I got the first place in the English contest._.A.Good luck B.What a pity C.Congratulations D.Congratulation()11（2011滨州）Work hard,and youll get good _.A.lessons B.notes C.grades D.answers watchesbabiesboys考点梳理考点梳理4 4以以 o o结尾的名词变复数常有下列结尾的名词变复数常有下列2 2种变化：种变化：（1 1）以）以“o o”结尾的科技名词常在词尾加结尾的科技名词常在词尾加-s-s。常考的有下面。常考的有下面5 5个：个：radioradio radios piano radios piano pianos pianos photophoto photos kilo photos kilo kilos zoo kilos zoo zoos zoos （2 2）其余以）其余以“o o”结尾的名词常在词尾加结尾的名词常在词尾加-es-es，常考的有下面，常考的有下面4 4个：西红柿（个：西红柿（tomatotomato），土豆），土豆（potatopotato），英雄（），英雄（herohero），黑人（），黑人（negronegro）等。）等。考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 考点梳理考点梳理考点三：可数名词单数变为复数考点三：可数名词单数变为复数 的几条规律的几条规律 【例题】【例题】()12Look at the _.You can see_,_and_ in it.A.photos;potatoes;tomatoes;radioes B.photoes;potatoes;tomatoes;radiosC.photos;potatoes;tomatoes;radios D.photoes;potatos;tomatos;radioes 考点梳理考点梳理5 5以以f f和和fefe结尾的名词变为复数时常将结尾的名词变为复数时常将f f或或fefe变为变为-v-v再加再加-es-es。请熟记下列口诀：。请熟记下列口诀：考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 记忆技巧记忆技巧树叶（树叶（leafleaf）半数（）半数（halfhalf）自己（）自己（selfself）黄，妻子（）黄，妻子（wifewife）拿刀（）拿刀（knifeknife）上山岗，）上山岗，架（架（shelfshelf）后窜出一只狼（）后窜出一只狼（wolfwolf），好像强盗（），好像强盗（thiefthief）逃命（）逃命（lifelife）忙。）忙。()13The_ of most trees will fall in autumn.A.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D.lives()14Titanic went down into the sea.More than 1,500 people lost their_.A.life B.lifes C.lives D.live【例题】【例题】考点梳理考点梳理6 6单数名词变复数名词不规则变化的有：单数名词变复数名词不规则变化的有：考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 ()15（1997广东）We walk with our _.A.foot B.foots C.feet()16The _ that came to the farm yesterday come here again.A.deer B.horse C.cow D.dog【例题】【例题】child childrenchild childrenfoot feetfoot feettooth teethtooth teethman menman menwoman womenwoman womenmouse micemouse micedeer deerdeer deersheep sheepsheep sheeppoliceman policemenpoliceman policemen考点梳理考点梳理7 7两个名词组成的名词词组常把最后一个名词变成复数形式。如：两个名词组成的名词词组常把最后一个名词变成复数形式。如：girl students boy friends twin girl students boy friends twin sisters apple trees shoe shopssisters apple trees shoe shops，但如果前面一个名词是，但如果前面一个名词是manman或或womanwoman时，前后两个名词都要变时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。如：成复数。如：woman doctorwoman doctorwomen doctors man teacherwomen doctors man teachermen teachers men teachers 考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 ()17There are two _ in the South Street.About 12 _ are working there.A.books shops;woman workers B.book shops;women workersC.books shops;women workers D.book shops;woman workers()18In Britain_ are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box【例题】【例题】考点梳理考点梳理8 8表示民族的单复数常有下列三种变化：表示民族的单复数常有下列三种变化：（1 1）单复数相同：）单复数相同：ChineseChineseChinese JapaneseChinese JapaneseJapaneseJapanese（2 2）将）将manman变为变为menmen：EnglishmanEnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmenFrenchmen（3 3）其余全在后面）其余全在后面+s+s：GermanGermanGermans AmericanGermans AmericanAmericans IndianAmericans IndianIndians Indians AustralianAustralianAustralians CanadianAustralians CanadianCanadians Canadians 考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 考点梳理考点梳理考点三：可数名词单数变为复数考点三：可数名词单数变为复数 的几条规律的几条规律 【例题】【例题】()19There are three _and _ in the group.A.Japanese;Germen B.Japaneses;GermansC.Japan;Germany D.Japanese;Germans()20（2011深圳）Could you please tell me something about the two_?_.They are exchange students of No.1 Middle School.A.Frenchmen;Yes,please B.Frenchmans;Come on C.Germen;Not at all D.Germans;All right 记忆技巧记忆技巧中日友好是一致，英法联盟中日友好是一致，英法联盟a a变变e e，余国词尾添余国词尾添s s考点梳理考点梳理9 9有些名词通常只有复数形式。如：有些名词通常只有复数形式。如：people,police,trousers,socks,glasses,clothes,shorts,people,police,trousers,socks,glasses,clothes,shorts,scissorsscissors等。等。1010有些名词虽然以有些名词虽然以s s结尾却表示单数。如：结尾却表示单数。如：news,grass,politics(news,grass,politics(政治政治),physics(),physics(物理物理)等。等。1111既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词：既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词：考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律考点三：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 单词单词可数可数不可数不可数单词单词可数可数不可数不可数glassglass玻璃杯玻璃杯玻璃玻璃paperpaper报纸，试卷报纸，试卷纸纸roomroom房间房间空间空间chickenchicken小鸡小鸡鸡肉鸡肉fishfish鱼鱼鱼肉鱼肉orangeorange桔子桔子桔子汁桔子汁考点梳理考点梳理考点三：可数名词单数变为复数考点三：可数名词单数变为复数 的几条规律的几条规律 【例题】【例题】()21There is not enough _ for these things in these _.A.rooms;rooms B.room;room C.room;rooms D.rooms;room()22Father bought some _.So we will have some _ to eat for dinner today.A.fishes;fishes B.fishs;fish C.fish;fishes D.fish;fish考点梳理考点梳理1 1 s s结构：在英语中，有生命事物的名词常在词尾加结构：在英语中，有生命事物的名词常在词尾加“s s”来表示所有关系，具体规则如下：来表示所有关系，具体规则如下：（1 1）直接在词尾后加）直接在词尾后加“s s”。如：。如：the girl the girl s backpack Toms backpack Tom s bike someone elses bike someone else s books mens books men s room Childrens room Children s Day s Day WomenWomen s Days Day（2 2）以）以s s结尾的名词只须加结尾的名词只须加“”“”。如：。如：the teachers the teachers office the students office the students reading-room the workers reading-room the workers club Teachers club Teachers Day Day （3 3）并列名词的所有格要格外小心。如：）并列名词的所有格要格外小心。如：Lily and Lucy Lily and Lucy s rooms room（两人共有一个房间）（两人共有一个房间）LilyLily s and Lucys and Lucy s roomss rooms（每人分别有一个房间）（每人分别有一个房间）考点四：名词所有格考点四：名词所有格 考点梳理考点梳理（4 4）表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，也可以加）表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，也可以加“s s”构成所有格。如：构成所有格。如：the world the world s populations population世界人口世界人口 today today s newspapers newspaper今天的报纸今天的报纸 fifteen minutes fifteen minutes walk=a 15-minute walk walk=a 15-minute walk步行十五分钟的路程步行十五分钟的路程 eight days eight days holiday=an 8-day holiday holiday=an 8-day holiday八天的假期八天的假期 注意：表示某人的家和店铺或教堂的名字时，名词所有格的后面经常不出现它所修饰的词。如：注意：表示某人的家和店铺或教堂的名字时，名词所有格的后面经常不出现它所修饰的词。如：at Li at Li LeiLei s s在李雷的家在李雷的家 at the doctor at the doctor s s在医务室在医务室 考点四：名词所有格考点四：名词所有格 考点梳理考点梳理考点四：名词所有格考点四：名词所有格 【例题】【例题】()25_ is celebrated on September 10.A.National Day B.Teachers DayC.Dragon Boat FestivalD.Spring Festival()26 How far is your family from here?Its about ten _ walk.A.minutes B.minute C.minutes D.minutes考点梳理考点梳理考点四：名词所有格考点四：名词所有格 【例题】【例题】()27The theme park is about _ride from the museum.You should start out right now.A.two hour B.two hours C.two hours D.two hours()28_ mothers couldnt go to the meeting,because they have gone to Chengdu.A.Li Lei and Lucys B.Li Leis and Lucys C.Li Lei and Lucy D.Li Leis and Lucy考点梳理考点梳理2 2ofof结构结构 一些无生命的名词的所有格，可用一些无生命的名词的所有格，可用ofof短语来表达。如：短语来表达。如：the title of the textthe title of the text（课文的标题）（课文的标题）the the foot of the hillfoot of the hill（山脚）（山脚）the leaves of the tree the leaves of the tree（树叶）（树叶）3 3双重所有格结构。即双重所有格结构。即 s s结构和结构和ofof结构相结合。如：结构相结合。如：a friend of mine a friend of mine 我的一个朋友我的一个朋友 a friend of a friend of my fathermy father s s 我父亲的一个朋友我父亲的一个朋友 a car of Mrs.Brown a car of Mrs.Brown s s 布朗太太的一辆车布朗太太的一辆车 a student of Tom a student of Tom s s mothermother s s 妈妈的一个学生妈妈的一个学生注意：有些名词用注意：有些名词用toto来表示所有格。如：来表示所有格。如：the key to the doorthe key to the door门的钥匙门的钥匙 the answer/key to the the answer/key to the questionquestion问题的答案问题的答案 the way to the school the way to the school 去学校的路去学校的路 考点四：名词所有格考点四：名词所有格 考点梳理考点梳理考点四：名词所有格考点四：名词所有格 【例题】【例题】()29The _ was too heavy for the child to carry.A.boxs steel B.box of a steel C.steel box D.box of the steel()30_are big and bright.A.The classroom window B.The window of the classroom C.The windows of the classroom D.The classrooms windows 谢谢大家！结结 语语