1英语句子成分基础练习及答案.doc

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(完整版)1英语句子成分基础练习及答案 1、英语句子成分讲解及练习句子成分由词、词组或句子（从句）充当英语的基本成分有七种: 主语（subject）、谓语（predicate)、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语（adverbial)、补语(complement）。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。一: ＳＶ（主＋谓） 1. The sun│rose. 2. Who │cares? 3. What he said │does not matter。 4. They │talked for half an hour. 5。 The pen │writes smoothly 二: ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 1。 This │is │an English—Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good. 3. Everything │looks │different. 4。 He │is growing │tall and strong。 5. Our well │has gone │dry. 6. His face │turned │red。三：ＳＶＯ (主＋谓＋宾) 1. Who │knows │the answer？ 2。 He │has refused │to help them. 3。 He │enjoys │reading。 4。 He │said，│"Good morning。" 5。 He │admits │that he was mistaken。四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾) 1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 2。 He │brought │you │a dictionary。 3. I │showed │him │my pictures. 4. I │told │him │that the bus was late。 5. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 五: ＳＶＯＣ (主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 1。 The war made him a soldier。 2。 New methods make the job easy. 3。 I often find him at work. 4. The teacher asked the students to close the windows。 5。 I saw a cat running across the road. (一）英语句子成分基础练习 (一)。指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom。 ② There is an old man coming here。 ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher’s help is very difficult. （二）。选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don’t like the picture on the wall. A。 don’t B。 like C. picture D。 wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes。 A。 get B. longer C。 days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus？ A。 Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon。 A. will be B。 meeting C。 the library D。 afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast？ A。 Did B。 twins C. have D。 breakfast ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A。 Tom B。 didn't C。 do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A。 want B。 to tell C. you D。 is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor。 A。 We B. had C. send D。 doctor ⑨ He is interested in music。 A. is B. interested C. in D. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B。 did C. whom D. book (三）挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn’t done his homework. 　　　　A B C D ② People all over the world speak English. 　 A B C D ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation。　　　　　　　 A B C D ④ How many new words did you learn last class? 　　　　　　　　 A B C D ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? 　　　　 A B C D ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. 　　　　A B C D ⑦ They made him monitor of the class。　　A B C D ⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. 　　　 A B C D ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school。　　　　　　 A B C D ⑩ They didn’t know who "Father Christmas” really is。　　A B C （四) 挑出下列句中的表语 ① The old man was feeling very tired. 　　 A B C D ② Why is he worried about Jim？　　　　 A B C D ③ The leaves have turned yellow。　　 A B C D ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject。　　　　 A B C D ⑤ She was the first to learn about it。　　　 A B C D 定语：定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词、短语或句子，译为‘……的’. 可以作定语的有:数词、形容词性物主代词、形容词、副词、名词、介词结构、不定式、现在分词、过去分词、从句。（五) 挑出下列句中的定语 ① They use Mr。 Mrs。 with the family name。　 A B C D ② What is your given name？　　A B C D ③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3。　　　　A B C D ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 　　　　A B C D ⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 　　 A B C D ⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe！　A B C D 宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词,形容词,副词，介词短语，不定式,现在分词,过去分词。（六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading—room. A B C D ② He asked her to take the boy out of school. 　　　 A B C D ③ She found it difficult to do the work。　　　 A B C D ④ They call me Lily sometimes. 　　　 A B C D ⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. 　 A B C D ⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? 　　　　　　 A B C D 状语为修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的句子成分，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等 (七）挑出下列句中的状语 ① There was a big smile on her face。　　A B C D ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. 　　 A B C D ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. 　　　 A B C D ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast。　　 A B C D ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm， Miss Li hurried off. 　　　　　　 A B C D ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books。　 A B C D ⑦ I am afraid that if you’ve lost it， you must pay for it。　 A B C D ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. 　　　　A B C D （八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 ① Please tell us a story。 ② My father bought a new bike for me last week。 ③ Mr。 Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen。 Give it to Tom. ⑤ Did he leave any message for me? *同位语（appositive）同位语是句子成分。英语中同位语的定义或作用是:对某个名词进行解析说明详细化。也就是说这个名词和解析它的内容是同等地位，表达内容相同的. 如:We Chinese are very smart. 英语句子成分基础练习答案（一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do (二） ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C ⑨ A ⑩ A （三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D ⑨ A ⑩ D (四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B (五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B ⑥ D (六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D ⑥ B （七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A ⑥ D ⑦ C ⑧ D （八) ① us，间接宾语 a story，直接宾语 ② me，间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语 ③ us，间接宾语 history，直接宾语 ④ Tom，间接宾语 it，直接宾语 ⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语 5

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