苏教版--新译林英语7年级上册语法总结.doc

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7年级上册语法总结 Unit 1 动词be的一般现在时 1、表示一种事实： He is 11 years old.他11岁了。 I am from China.我来自中国。 2、表示一种状态（经常存在）： He goes fishing every weekend.他每个周末都去钓鱼。 We usually go to school at 7:00.我们通常7点上学。 3、Be动词与主语保持一致： I am a teacher. He/She is a worker. It is a little dog. They/We/You are dancers. Be动词变化遵循原则，口诀：我是am,你是are,is 用于他、她、它,复数都是are. 4、主语是第三人称单数时，动词的变化：一般都+s 例如：open opens s ss x sh ch 以结尾的动词，+es 例如：watch watches 辅音字母+y结尾的动词，y ies 例如：study studies ④ 辅音字母+o结尾的动词，+es 例如：go goes 5、一般现在时的句型转换否定句be+not She is in the kitchen.~She is not in the kitchen. They are in the classroom.~They are not in the classroom. 一般疑问句be提前 She is in the kitchen.~Is she in the kitchen?——Yes，she is. ——No，she isn’t. They are in the classroom.~Are they in the classroom？ ——Yes，they are. ——No，they aren’t. Unit 2 行为动词的一般现在时用法例句经常性、习惯性的动作 I go to school at 7:00 every morning. 客观事实 The earth moves around the sun 目前的爱好、能力等 She sings very well. 1、行为动词形式变化主语行为动词例句第一人称复数（we）/第二人称复数（you）/第三人称复数（They）原形 We do our homework at home. You have lunch at school. They play basketball after school. 第三人称单数（He、She、It）第三人称单数 She does her homework in the evening. 2、句型转换否定句：do+not/does +not You don’t go to school on Sunday. He doesn’t work in this shop. 句首添加do/does Do you play basketball after school? Does John speak Chinese? Unit 3 人称代词 1、我们常用人称代词表示人或物 2、人称代词主格、宾格形式单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称 I Me We Us 第二人称 You You You You 第三人称 He Him They Them She Her It It 3、主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前宾格在句中做宾语，一般用在动词、介词后 4、有好几个人称代词并列出现时，顺序如下：单数：231原则——you、he and I 复数：123原则——we、you and they Unit 4 表示时间的介词in、on、at 介词用法例子 in 一天中的早/中/晚 In the morning/afternoon/evening 月份 In January/February/March/April 季节 In Spring/Summer/Autumn/Winter 年份 In 2014/2015 on 星期 On Sunday/Monday/Tuesday 某一天 On 1 September 某一天的早/中/晚 On a cold morning/Sunday afternoon 特定节日/一天 On Children’s Day at 某一时刻 At 8:00 年龄 At 12 years old 频度副词： always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never Unit 5 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词含义例句 what 什么 What‘s your name? what Class/grade 哪个班级、年级 What class/grade are you in? colour 什么颜色 What colour do you like? time 几点 What time is it? when 什么时候 When do you usually get up? where 哪里 Where do you live? who 谁 Who is the man in a blue sweater? why 为什么 Why are you always late for school? whose 谁的 Whose pen is this? which 哪一个 Which is better,the red one or the blue one? how 怎么样 How do you go to school? how many much 多少（可数） How many students are there in your class? 多少（不可数） How much milk do you drink every day? old 几岁 How old are you? often 多长时间一次 How often do you go to the library? long 多长多久 How long is the Yangtze River? How long do you watch TV every day? far 多远 How far is your home from school? tall 多高 How tall is the building? 注意：when和what time的区别 What time询问的是具体时间，when可以是具体时间也可以是大体时间。 Unit 6 可数、不可数名词可数名词：可以计数的名词不可数名词：不可以计数的名词可数名词：1、前面可以用不定冠词a/an修饰前面可以用数词修饰，one、two、three...... 前面可以用some、any修饰 2、形式变化：规则举例 +s book——books chair——chairs s\x\ch\sh +es bus——buses box——boxes watch——watches brush——brushes 辅音y—ies family——families O结尾有生命的人/物 mango——mangoes potato——potatoes f/fe——ves knife——knives shelf——shelves 特殊变化 man——men foot——feet child——children fish——fish 不可数名词： 1、借助表示数量的单位来表示：a piece of/two pieces of 2、不能被a/an修饰 3、做主语时，谓语动词用单数：The food is delicious. Unit 7 some/any/there be 1、 some、any 一些 Some一般用在肯定句中。 There are some birds in the tree.(on the tree 是长在树上) Any一般用在否定句、疑问句中。Do you have any questions? 2、特殊情况：some可以用在疑问句中，表达“建议、请求、邀请” 并希望得到对方的肯定回答 Would you like some tea? Can I have some oranges? 3、 there be句型，表示“某地有某物或某人” There是引导词，本身没有词义 Be是谓语动词，后面紧跟着的名词为主语 There be+主语（数保持一致）+地点状语 There is a book on the desk. 单数单数（主语）地点 There are some books on the desk. 复数复数（主语）地点注意：有并列主语出现时，be的形式变化遵循“就近原则”，即与其最近的主语保持一致。 There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. There are ten students and a teacher in the classroom. 句型变化：否定句be+not 疑问句be提前 Unit 8 现在进行时表示某人正在做某事 1、 now、look、listen等表示现在的词语出现时，用现在进行时 He is playing football now. Look, Miss Wang is having an English lesson. Listen, she is singing! 2、句子构成：主语+be动词+v-ing He(主语) is（be动词） playing（v-ing） football now. 3、句型转换：肯定句否定句疑问句及回答 He is running now. He isn’t running now. Is he running now? Yes ,he is./ No, he isn’t. They are making a puppet. They aren’t making a puppet. Are they making a puppet? Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. 4、动词变为现在分词的变化规则，如下图规则例子 +ing go——going 不发音e结尾，去e,+ing take——taking、dance——dancing 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节（两个辅音中间加一个元音）动词，双写末尾字母+ing get+getting swim——swimming 以ie结尾，变为y,+ing die——dying

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