苏教版--新译林英语7年级上册语法总结.pdf

7 年级上册语法总结年级上册语法总结Unit 1 动词动词 be 的一般现在时的一般现在时1、表示一种事实：、表示一种事实：He is 11 years old.他 11 岁了。I am from China.我来自中国。2、表示一种状态（经常存在）：、表示一种状态（经常存在）：He goes fishing every weekend.他每个周末都去钓鱼。We usually go to school at 7:00.我们通常 7 点上学。3、Be 动词与主语保持一致：动词与主语保持一致：I am a teacher.He/She is a worker.It is a little dog.They/We/You are dancers.Be 动词变化遵循原则，口诀：口诀：我是我是 am,你是你是 are,is 用于他、她、用于他、她、它它,复数都是复数都是 are.4、主语是第三人称单数时，动词的变化：、主语是第三人称单数时，动词的变化：一般都+s 例如：open opens以 结尾的动词，+es 例如：watch watchessssxshch 辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，y ies 例如：study studies 辅音字母+o 结尾的动词，+es 例如：go goes5、一般现在时的句型转换一般现在时的句型转换 否定句 be+notShe is in the kitchen.She is not in the kitchen.They are in the classroom.They are not in the classroom.一般疑问句 be 提前She is in the kitchen.Is she in the kitchen?Yes，she is.No，she isnt.They are in the classroom.Are they in the classroom？Yes，they are.No，they arent.Unit 2 行为动词的一般现在时行为动词的一般现在时用法例句经常性、习惯性的动作I go to school at 7:00 every morning.客观事实The earth moves around the sun目前的爱好、能力等She sings very well.1、行为动词形式变化行为动词形式变化主语行为动词例句第一人称复数复数（we）/第二人称复复数数（you）/第三人称复数复数（They）原形We do our homework at home.You have lunch at school.They play basketball after school.第三人称单数（单数（He、She、It）第三人称单数She does her homework in the evening.2、句型转换句型转换 否定句：do+not/does+not You dont go to school on Sunday.He doesnt work in this shop.句首添加 do/does Do you play basketball after school?Does John speak Chinese?Unit 3 人称代词人称代词1、我们常用人称代词表示人或物我们常用人称代词表示人或物2、人称代词主格、宾格形式人称代词主格、宾格形式单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称IMe We Us 第二人称You You You You He Him She Her 第三人称It It They Them3、主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前 宾格在句中做宾语，一般用在动词、介词后宾格在句中做宾语，一般用在动词、介词后4、有好几个人称代词并列出现时，顺序如下：有好几个人称代词并列出现时，顺序如下：单数：231 原则you、he and I 复数：123 原则we、you and theyUnit 4 表示时间的介词表示时间的介词 in、on、at介词用法例子一天中的早/中/晚In the morning/afternoon/evening月份In January/February/March/April季节In Spring/Summer/Autumn/Winterin年份In 2014/2015星期On Sunday/Monday/Tuesday某一天On 1 September某一天的早/中/晚On a cold morning/Sunday afternoonon特定节日/一天On Childrens Day某一时刻At 8:00at年龄At 12 years old频度副词：频度副词：alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomneverUnit 5 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问词含义例句what什么Whats your name?Class/grade哪个班级、年级What class/grade are you in?whatcolour什么颜色What colour do you like?time几点What time is it?when什么时候When do you usually get up?where哪里Where do you live?who谁Who is the man in a blue sweater?why为什么Why are you always late for school?whose谁的Whose pen is this?which哪一个Which is better,the red one or the blue one?how怎么样How do you go to school?多少（可数）How many students are there in your class?manymuch多少（不可数）How much milk do you drink every day?old几岁How old are you?often多长时间一次How often do you go to the library?long多长多久How long is the Yangtze River?How long do you watch TV every day?far多远How far is your home from school?howtall多高How tall is the building?注意：注意：when 和 what time 的区别 What time 询问的是具体时间，when 可以是具体时间也可以是大体时间。Unit 6 可数、不可数名词可数、不可数名词可数名词：可以计数的名词不可数名词：不可以计数的名词可数名词：可数名词：1、前面可以用不定冠词 a/an 修饰 前面可以用数词修饰，one、two、three.前面可以用 some、any 修饰 2、形式变化：规则举例+sbookbookschairchairssxchsh+esbusbusesboxboxeswatchwatchesbrushbrushes辅音 yiesfamilyfamiliesO 结尾有生命的人/物mangomangoespotatopotatoesf/fevesknifeknivesshelfshelves特殊变化manmenfootfeetchildchildrenfishfish不可数名词：不可数名词：1、借助表示数量的单位来表示：a piece of/two pieces of2、不能被 a/an 修饰3、做主语时，谓语动词用单数：The food is delicious.Unit 7 some/any/there be 1、some、any 一些一些 Some 一般用在肯定句中。There are some birds in the tree.(on the tree 是长在树上)Any 一般用在否定句、疑问句中。Do you have any questions?2、特殊情况：特殊情况：some 可以用在疑问句中，表达“建议、请求、邀请”并希望得到对方的肯定回答 Would you like some tea?Can I have some oranges?3、there be 句型，表示句型，表示“某地有某物或某人某地有某物或某人”There 是引导词，本身没有词义Be 是谓语动词，后面紧跟着的名词为主语There be+主语（数保持一致）+地点状语There is a book on the desk.单数 单数（主语）地点There are some books on the desk.复数 复数（主语）地点注意：注意：有并列主语出现时，be 的形式变化遵循“就近原则就近原则”，即与，即与其最近的主语保持一致。其最近的主语保持一致。There is a boy,a girl and two women in the house.There are ten students and a teacher in the classroom.否定句 be+not句型变化：疑问句 be 提前 Unit 8 现在进行时现在进行时 表示某人正在做某事表示某人正在做某事1、now、look、listen 等表示现在的词语出现时，用现在进行时等表示现在的词语出现时，用现在进行时 He is playing football now.Look,Miss Wang is having an English lesson.Listen,she is singing!2、句子构成句子构成：主语+be 动词+v-ing He(主语)is（be 动词）playing（v-ing）football now.3、句型转换：句型转换：肯定句否定句疑问句及回答He is running now.He isnt running now.Is he running now?Yes,he is./No,he isnt.They are making a puppet.They arent making a puppet.Are they making a puppet?Yes,they are./No,they arent.4、动词变为现在分词的变化规则，如下图动词变为现在分词的变化规则，如下图规则例子+inggogoing不发音 e 结尾，去 e,+ingtaketaking、dancedancing以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节（两个辅音中间加一个元音）动词，双写末尾字母+ingget+gettingswimswimming以 ie 结尾，变为 y,+ingdiedying