逻辑衔接词重点讲解.doc

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常见逻辑衔接词总结

一．衔接词从作用上主要分为以下四类:起、承、转、合.

1．表示“起”的词语,用于开篇引出扩展句：
at first 最初
firstly 第一
at the very beginning 起初
in the beginning 起初
first of all 首先
at present 现在，当今
presently 现在，此刻
now 现在
lately 最近
recently 最近
currently 最近，目前
to begin with 首先，第一
in the first place 首先,第一
to start with 首先，第一
for one thing…（for another) 首先…(其次）…
in general 一般说来
generally speaking 一般说来
on the whole 总的说来
on the one hand…(on the other hand) 一方面…（另一方面）…
it goes without saying… 不用说
it is said that… 据说
a proverb goes well… 俗话说的好

2．表示“承”的词语，用来承接上文:
at the same time 同时
meanwhile 同时
by this time 此时
after a while 过了一会
after / after that / afterwards 此后
from now on 从此
later 后来
soon 不久
after a few days / years 几天/几年后
also / too 并且，又
at any rate 无论如何
besides 此外
in addition 此外
further more 此外，而且
moreover 此外,而且
what’s more 此外,而且
in addition to… 除…之外
for another 其次
then 然后
certainly 无疑地，当然地
no doubt 无疑的
of course 当然
obviously 明显的
indeed 的确
consequently 因此，结果
so 所以
for example 例如
for instance 例如
such as 正如
in fact 事实上
truly 事实上
in the same manner / way 同样的
similarly 同样的
in particular 特别的
particularly 特别的
still 仍然
second / secondly 第二，第二点
third / thirdly 第三，第三点
in other words 换句话说
for this purpose 为了这个目的
incidentally 顺便提一句
unlike 不像…,和…不同

3．表示“转"的词语,用来表示不同或相反的意见：
after all 毕竟
at the same time 同时，然而
anyway 无论如何
but 但是
by this time 此时
even though 即使
though / although 尽管
despite 尽管…虽然…
nonetheless 尽管如此
in fact 事实上
as a matter of fact 事实上
especially 特别地…
in particular 特别地
fortunately 幸运地…
unfortunately 不幸地
in other words 换句话说
in spite of 尽管…虽然
in the same way 同样地
luckily 幸运地
whereas… 然而
yet 然而，但是
however 然而，无论如何
nevertheless 不过，虽然如此
no doubt 无疑地
in / by contrast 对比之下
on the contrary 相反地
conversely 相反地
on the other hand 另一方面
otherwise 否则
perhaps 或许
unlike 不像…，和…不同

4．表示“合”的词语,用来小结上文或结束本段落的内容：
accordingly 于是
as a consequence 因此
consequently 因此
hence 因此
therefore 因此
thus 因此
as a result 结果
as has been stated 如前所述
as above mentioned 如上如述
as I have said 如我所述
at last 最后
at length 最后,终于
eventually 最后
finally 最后
briefly 简单扼要的
in brief 简言之
in short 简言之
in summary 简要地说
in conclusion 总之,最后
in a word 总之
in sum 总之,简言之
to sum up 总而言之
to summarize 总而言之
to conclude 总而言之
all in all 总而言之
on the whole 总的来说
by and large 一般来说
above all 最重要
to speak frankly 坦白地说
frankly speaking 坦白地说
surely 无疑
no doubt 毫无疑问
undoubtedly 无疑
certainly 无疑,肯定
truly 的确
for this reason 所以
so 所以
obviously 显然
by doing so 如此

二．衔接词从逻辑意义上主要分为以下十四类：

1。 表次序关系

first（ly) / first of all
First(ly) / First of all， “A good book is a good friend。”

above all
Above all, remember to finish the work today。

second（ly) / in the second place
Second（ly) / In the second place， knowledge is power.

furthermore
Furthermore， a little learning is a dangerous thing.

moreover
Moreover, it’s never too late to learn。

finally
Finally， “To open a book is always beneficial.”

last but not least
Last but not least, wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.

lastly
Lastly, “He laughs best who laughs last。”

in the end
In the end, the president made a farewell speech。

eventually
Eventually， the man was released from the prison.

to conclude
To conclude, lost time is never found again。

2。 表举例关系

for example
The government has reduced spending in several areas， for example, education and health.

for instance
You can't depend on her， for instance, she arrived late for an important meeting yesterday。

such as
He has some strange hobbies such as collecting bottles.

a case in point
There are many tourist attractions in Nanjing. Dr。Sun Yetsen's Mausoleum is a case in point。

as follows
The reasons are as follows。

including
There are five people， including two babies.

as an illustration
He is a kind person， as an illustration, he is always ready to help others.

to illustrate
To illustrate， I will give you many examples。

3. 表转折关系

but
Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet 。

however
It’s raining hard. However, I think we should go out。

yet
She’s a funny girl， yet you can’t help liking her.

though
He spoke firmly though pleasantly.

even though
Even though it's hard work, I enjoy it.

although
Although he is young， he knows a lot.

even so
It’s raining。 Even so, we have to go out。

regardless of
The plane will take off， regardless of the weather。

while
Their country has plenty of oil, while ours has none。

at the same time
This little girl can be very naughty but at the same time you can’t help liking her.

despite
He came to the meeting despite his illness。

in spite of
I have to go to school in spite of the bad weather.

still
It’s raining。 Still， I have to go out.

nevertheless
I can’t go。 Nevertheless, thank you for inviting me。

notwithstanding
Notwithstanding any other agreements， we will make a new contract with the firm.

otherwise
The soup was too salty， but otherwise the meal was excellent.

on the contrary
I thought he was a teacher， on the contrary， he was a student.

4. 表递进关系

in addition
He needs our help. In addition, he requires emotional support.

additionally
I like playing chess, additionally， surfing the Internet is also my favorite。

besides/also
A qualified teacher should have good manners。 Beside, he should have extensive knowledge。

as well
The book tells about Mark Twain’s writings and about his life as well。

moreover
The price is too high， and moreover, the house isn’t in a suitable position。

furthermore / further
The house is too small, and furthermore， it's too far from the city.

likewise
You must pack warm clothes for the journey. Likewise， you’ll need plenty of food。

that is （ to say ) /in other words
Your performance in the exam didn't reach the required standard， that is （ to say ） /in other words, you failed。

equally important
To run a company successfully, we should employ employees with a high sense of responsibility， and equally important， meet every need of the customers。

what’s more
He is handsome, and what's more， he is humorous。

not only…but also
The weather was not only cold, but also wet.

last but not least
Last but not least， I appreciate all your help。

5。 表过渡关系

as to /for
You can have a bed, but as for her， she’ll have to sleep on the floor.

by the way
By the way， what channel did you watch on television last night？

concerning
Concerning your request， I am pleased to inform you that…

talking of
Talking of chemistry, he knows much about it.

with reference to
With reference to any other problems during your study here, please let me know.

with regard to
With regard to your future, you should make your own decision.

as regards
I don’t quite agree with you as regards your idea.

regarding
It's a book regarding energy。

incidentally
I have to go now。 Incidentally， if you want to borrow the book， I’ll bring it next time.

6。 表同位关系

that is
There are two girls, that is Lily and Lucy。

that is to say
She is a very efficient secretary， that is to say, she never forgets anything or makes a mistake。
namely
We visit two famous cities, namely New York and London.

in other words
You can’t imagine who will be killed finally。 In other words, this movie has a dramatic ending。

7。 表推理关系

if so
If so， you will win。

if not
Say you are sorrow， if not, get out now。

or else
Wear your coat, or else you’ll be cold.

otherwise
Do it now。 Otherwise, it will be too late。

under such circumstances
She may come to Shanghai， under such circumstances， you should stay here.

to put it more precisely
He has much money， to put it more precisely, he is wealthy.

8。 表因果关系

because（of）
I went back not because of the bad weather, but because I was feeling uncomfortable。

hence
Very few people attended the meeting。 Hence, we couldn’t make a decision。

thus
I’ve never been to America。 Thus， I know very little about it.

since
Since you can’t help me, I will ask someone else.

now that
Now ( that ) David's arrived, we can begin。

so that
He speaks loudly so that everyone in the room could hear him.

on account of
We had to stay inside on account of the rain.

consequently
The rain was heavy and consequently the land was flooded。

as a result
He worked very hard, and as a result he passed the last examination without effort.

as a result of
He was killed as a result of traffic accident.

accordingly
There are the rules。 Please act accordingly.

therefore
I don’t know much about America, therefore, I can’t advise you about it。

so long as
You could make it so long as you work hard.

so
I was feeling bad， so I went to bed。

owing to
Owing to lack of money, these transactions must now be delayed。

due to
His failure was due to his lack of work。

thanks to
Thanks to his help， she succeeded in her career.

9。 表比较关系

instead
It's too wet to walk， so we’ll go swimming instead.

while
They have much money, while we have very little.

equally
As a teacher， you should teach well， but equally， you should remember to study yourself.

in comparison(with）
In comparison with Shanghai， Nanjing is small。

in the same way
It is such a coincidence that we work the math problem out in the same way。

in contrast with/to
In contrast with / to your belief that we’ll fail， I know we will succeed.

on the contrary
Before I took my new job, I thought that I would like it; on the contrary, when I started it, I found it was terribly uninteresting。

in/by contrast
It was cold yesterday, but in contrast it’s very hot today。

10。 表解释关系

namely
Only one person can do the job, namely you。

as a matter of fact
She doesn't want to make friends with John, as a matter of fact, she hates him。

in other words
They don’t have an extra bike for you， in other words， you should buy one yourself。

in this case
In this case, I will go home。

frankly speaking / to be frank
Frankly speaking / To be frank, I don't like you.

11。 表强调关系

of course
Of course I love you.

indeed
I am indeed very glad to hear from you soon。

above all
Above all, you should remember that where there is a will, there is a way.

most important
Most important， it is the best book for beginners.

with great emphasis（on）
He delivered a speech with great emphasis on the education。

in fact
In fact, you are wrong。

12。 表选择关系

rather than
In fact， Lily should be praised rather than John.

alternatively
You may go home。 Alternatively， you can stay here.

instead of
You should be at school instead of lying here in bed.

not…but
He is not a teacher but a student。

whether…or
Please tell me whether or not you like it.

either…or
The baby will be either a boy or a girl。

neither…nor
Neither my mother nor I were there.

13. 表时间关系

after a while
After a while, he came back sadly。

at length
At length he give his daughter leave to take a trip alone。

at that time
At that time,