单县标准化无公害生猪养殖基地建设项目.doc

off here, the conductor said. This is as far as we go. Is this Woodford Green ? I asked. Oh dear, said the conductor suddenly. I forgot to put you off. It doesnt matter, I said. Ill get off here. We are going back now, said the conductor. Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus, I answered.Lesson51 Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! Lesson52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen, she said. She gazed at it for some time then added, You dont need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet! Lesson53 Hot snake 触电的蛇At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I went to market. It was still early when I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry. At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. Nothing could have been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a mess! There was pastry on my fingers, on the telephone, and on the door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter !Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金矿Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called The Revealer has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where-it is said-pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a cursed tree. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the tourists-have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!Lesson59 In or out ？ 进来还是出去？Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since. Lesson60 The future 卜算未来At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all. As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. Where have you been hiding ? she asked impatiently. Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already. As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望远镜的困境In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The ability to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planets. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and an astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we have received a radio message. The first message is expected to arrive at 7 oclock this evening. By that time, the Astra will have been flying through space for seventeen hours and will have circled the earth a great many times. When the first radio messages have been received, the results of the trip will be announced immediately.Lesson62 After the fire 大火之后Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. Lesson63 She was not amused 她并不觉得好笑Geoffrey Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor-everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Geoffreys closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Geoffrey loves. He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny. He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Geoffrey was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. To his surprise, she said she hadnt. Geoffrey asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!Lesson64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道In l858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one mile tunnel across the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea-level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an目 录单县标准化无公害生猪养殖基地建设项目可行性研究报告1第一章 项目简介1第一节 项目概要1第二节 可行性研究报告编制依据2第三节 综合评价2第二章 项目建设背景3第三章 必要性与可行性6第一节 项目实施的必要性6第二节 项目实施的可行性8第四章 市场分析与预测10第五章 项目建设方案与内容11第一节 建设规模11第二节 具体建设内容11第六章 投资规模19第一节 投资概算依据19第二节 项目总投资及分项投资概算20第七章 组织与管理23第一节 岗位定编：23第二节 责任分工：23第八章 效益与风险分析29第一节 资金回报29第二节 社会、生产效益分析29第三节 市场风险分析29第九章结论30单县标准化无公害生猪养殖基地建设项目可行性研究报告第一章 项目简介第一节 项目概要1、项目名称：单县标准化无公害生猪养殖基地建设项目2、项目承办单位：单县牧工商联合企业公司3、项目负责人：孙广勇4、联系电话：[phone]、项目建设内容：建设性质：新建建设地点：单县徐寨镇主要建设内容：项目占地240亩，新建饲料加工车间及仓库1800平方米，引进先进饲料加工生产线1条，新建设标准化猪舍67995平方米，建设防疫兽医室300平方米，沼气池3000立方米，化粪池5000立方米，无害化处理设施200立方米，引进种猪6690头，年向社会提供优质商品猪10万头，年销售收入达1.8亿元。6、投资概算及资金来源本项目总投资为1.06亿元，种猪及基础建设共投资5200万元，流动资金5400万元。资金筹措：申请国家银行贷款8000万元，自筹资金2600万元。第二节 可行性研究报告编制依据1、中央农业农村工作会议及省、市农业和农村经济结构调整的有关精神。2、农业部等八部委关于扶持农业产业化经营重点龙头企业的意见、（农经发20028号）。3、财政部关于改革和完善农业综合开发若干政策措施的意见（财发200393号）。第三节 综合评价1、项目建设的必要性可行性：本项目充分发挥项目区的区域资源优势和比较优势，项目区农业资源条件优越、开发潜力大，资金配套能力强。经可行性论证，项目具有经济效益好、提供就业岗位多，建设基础条件较好，技术方案科学，环境评价较高，自筹资金好落实，财务评价指标较好，具有社会效益突出，经济效益良好，抗风险能力强，产业带动性强等特点。2、主要结论：项目实施以市场为导向，以效益为中心，以科技为依托，是个具备一定规模，经济效益和社会效益较好，辐射带动能力强，产品具有市场竞争优势，具有较强的科技创新能力和良好的经营管理机制的龙头项目。有利于培育壮大优势主导产业，有利于推动畜牧业结构调整，加快畜牧业向国际市场接轨；有利于带动区域经济发展和完善现代企业制度，有利于提高服务“三农”、服务社会的能力。有利于增加农民收入，带动农民致富，同时还可带动饲料加工，运输等行业的发展，具有较强的产业带动力。因此，项目建设是必要的、可行的。3、问题及建议：本项目符合国家产业政策和地方经济发展规划，但初期投入较大，企业自筹资金难度较大，请求各级政府、财政、农发等部门的支持，减轻企业筹资压力，使项目尽快进入良性发展的轨道。第二章 项目建设背景随着人民的生活水平不断的提高，食品安全成为当今社会关注的焦点，人们对食品的要求越来越高，绿色无公害成为人们的首选，无公害生态优质肉猪的发展迎来了全面发展的黄金时期，由于我国大部分地区在整个肉食品结构中传统上以猪肉为主，国内市场上优质无公害生态瘦肉型猪肉销售呈现出巨大的市场空间。自2007年起国内市场猪肉价格普遍上扬，并一涨再涨的现象，就是这种商机初现的说明，这表明，长期困扰我国广大农民养猪低效，猪肉市场长期低迷的不利态势已经过去，而规模化标准化的无公害型生态养猪将在未来的市场中立于不败之地。根据党的十七大会议精神，大力扶持畜牧业向规模化、标准化、无公害生态化、科学化发展，为落实党的十七大会议精神和国务院办关于促进生猪发展稳定市场供应的意见，在山东省单县徐寨镇建立一个以年生产十万头无公害型生态商品猪的龙头企业，带动周边农户科学养猪，生态养猪，解决我县及周边大城市的菜篮子问题，显得尤为重要和必要。建设标准、规范、无公害猪场符合当前我国畜牧业发展趋势。畜牧业是我国国民经济的重要产业，是社会主义新农村建设中的重点产业、优势产业和主攻产业。是实现农民增收、农业增效，全面建设小康社会的主要手段。当前，随着规模化饲养比例稳步提高，畜牧业生产已逐步由规模化、集约化养殖向畜牧养殖小区、园区和高效生态牧区转变，畜产品生产方式已由数量增长型向质量效益型转变，畜产品消费由消费型进入追求质量安全阶段。因此，如何抢抓机遇乘势而上，采取有效措施，建设无公害畜牧园区，走节约型、无污染的循环经济模式和依靠科技进步的内涵式增长之路，全面落实科学发展观，使畜牧业，特别是无公害绿色牧业在社会主义新农村建设和农民增收致富中发挥应有的作用，则是当前政府和广大投资者迫切需要解决的问题。我们的无公害养猪基地将结合畜牧业结构调整，将畜牧业经济区与自然区交叉和溶合，它具有资金集中投入、展示高新技术、实现人畜分离、实行集约管理、龙头企业带动、生态环境良好、畜禽产品优质、经济效益显著等特点，是集繁育、养殖、技术开发、试验示范、技术培训等功能于一体的标准化现代化无公害畜产品生产基地。因此，将具有极佳的发展前景。 生态猪场的建设符合政策导向，符合政策要求。2006年月日，延续了2600年的农业税的正式废止，标志着国家对农业实现了由“取”向“予”的重大转折。四年来，中央在“多予、少取、放活”原则基础上，在畜牧生产用地、农业基础设施建设、银行贷款、政府补贴、良种畜禽饲养等方面制定了一系列强农惠农政策，有力地促进了畜牧业发展。特别是在06年来，由于饲料原料价格上涨、疫病威胁日益加大，市场生猪供应日趋紧张，猪肉价格持续上涨，CPI指标（特别是农副产品指数）长期高位运行，引起了中央、国务院的高度重视，胡锦涛总书记也多次指示，要求“发展生猪生产、稳定市场供应”。并出台了能繁母猪补贴、生猪良种繁育场建设、规模猪场标准化改造、生猪保险、疫苗补助、新扩建生态猪场建设补助等政策和生猪生产调运大县的奖励措施等。08年2月，在中央一号文件中共中央国务院关于切实加强农业基础建设进一步促进农业发展农民增收的若干意见中，进一步要求强化各项扶持政策、措施落实，加强畜牧业基础建设和生态牧场建设，加快恢复生猪生产，确保猪肉市场供应不脱销、不断档。山东省农业厅畜牧兽医局也在08年工作要点中，将推进农牧结合、发展生态循环型养殖作为实现畜牧业可持续发展的重要途径。可以说，各级政府为恢复生猪生产，发展优质猪肉产品供应创造了良好的外部环境。 第三章 必要性与可行性第一节 项目实施的必要性1、是培育壮大优势主导产业的需要当前，我国农业和农村经济发展已进入新的阶段，随着农业生产和居民消费水平的不断提高，要及时把畜牧业放到更加重要的位置。正是这种大气候下，单县县委、政府已根据本县的实际提出按照“三型四业”的总体规划，把畜牧业作为我县农业增效和农民增收的支柱产业之一，并提出当前畜牧业生产结构调整的指导思想，根据国内外市场需求，依靠科技进步，改善畜产品品种结构，提高质量、增强市场竞争能力，充分发挥资源、区域优势，大力发展优质高产高效畜牧业，提高畜牧业综合效益，把畜牧业发展切实转到以提高质量和效益为中心的轨道上来，确保农民收入的稳定增长。2、是调整优化畜牧业结构，加快畜牧业与国际市场接轨的需要改革开放以来，单县畜牧业生产取得了很大的成就，主要畜产品已从长期数量短缺和解决温饱型向追求高质量高品质方向转变和发展。畜产品市场竞争，人们消费结构的改变，都决定了畜牧业必须向“两高一优”方向发展，畜牧业结构战略性调整势在必行。实施本项目，加快对我县畜牧业产业结构调整优化，提升畜产品档次，增强畜产品市场竞争力，促进畜产品出口创汇，以及迎接当前对畜产品高品质安全需求的挑战，都具有深远而重大的意义。3、 是促进农业产业化经营，带动区域经济发展的需要从畜牧业的作用和意义不难看出，加快发展畜牧业可以使粮食作物转化增值，促进种植业尤其是粮食作物和饲料作物生产的发展，加快发展畜牧业可以带动饲料、食品、皮革、加工业等一系列相关产业的发展，增加农产品附加值，提高农民收入，也可以解决农村剩余劳动力。可以说，畜牧业既是支柱产业，又是承农启工的中轴产业，能够促进种植业和加工业进一步发展。同时对周边地区起辐射带动作用，改变农民养猪的传统观念，推动全县生猪的品种改良进程，提高全县的良种覆盖率，降低生产成本，提高养猪业的经济效益，是增加农民收入的有效途径，是县委、县政府鼓励发展的主要项目之一。4、是增加农民收入，带动农民增收致富的需要通过实施本项目，所生产的饲料转化率高，引进优良品系生产的良种猪具有抗病力强，生长速度快，产仔数多、肉品适口性好，瘦肉率高等特点，在市场上颇受消费者欢迎。根据屠宰测定，商品猪胴体瘦肉率高达65以上。以商品猪重90公斤/头，提高瘦肉率10%计算，每头商品猪可增产瘦肉9公斤，按瘦肉、肥肉差价每千克9元计算，每头商品猪单提高瘦肉率一项可增加经济效益81元。同时，建设沼气技术工程，建立“牧沼果”等结合的多元立体型生态无公害农业，效益将更为明显。因此，引导和带动农民发展瘦肉型商品猪生产，走产业化经营道路，是加快农民增收致富的一条捷径。5、是增强服务“三农” 服务社会能力的需要通过实施本项目，通过企业制度的建立和完善，实行电脑化和网络化管理，及时向农户发布农业新品种、新技术，市场信息新动态等，为农户的生产管理等各个环节提供全方位的服务，提高经济效益，增加农民收入，带动农民增收致富，提高服务社会能力。第二节 项目实施的可行性1、地理优势突出，饲料来源广。单县地处鲁西南，属黄河冲积平原，地势西南高，东北低，海拔高度为38.5至59m，高差20.5m，地面坡降18000至11000。县境南邻黄河故道，由于历史上黄河多次决口，泛滥冲积形成各种地貌类型。项目区土壤类型主要分为潮土、风沙土。在此土壤类型中，潮土面积最大，耕层深厚，一般1520厘米，耕层质地以壤质土，砂质土为主，适宜作物生长，为养猪业提供丰富的饲料资源，项目区属暖温带，半湿润季风区，大陆性气候，主要特点是气候温和，光照充足，热量丰富，四季分明，降雨集中，雨热同季，年平均气温13.90，无霜期206天，日照时年平均为2328小时，日照率53%，太阳辐射总量为116.3千瓦/平方厘米。有效辐射37.14千瓦/平方厘米，年平均降雨量737毫米。其积温属全省高值区，自然条件有利，适宜猪的生长发育，全县人口116万，富余劳动力充足。2、服务体系功能健全，群众基础牢固据统计，2007年下半年，我县生猪开始止跌回升，规模化养殖场开始增多，政府招商引资推动发展，服务功能健全，县委、县政府积极引导和帮助养殖场（户）争取国家和省政