状语从句练习.doc

状语从句状语从句：指把一句子当着副词作状语时，修饰动词、或整个句子；根据它在句中的作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句；状语从句前一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。它常位于句首；若位于句中，常用逗号与主句隔开；位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句1. 通常由以下连词引导：when / while / as/ after/ before/ as soon as/ since/ till /until / by the time2. 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。（主将从现） 1).when当.的时候: Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.2).while 在期间: He visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 3).as 在的同时；一边.一边. : He smiled as he stood up. 4).after在.之后: He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. 5).before 在.之前 Mr. brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 6).as soon as 一.就. We began to work as soon as we got there. I will write to you as soon as i get home. 7).since 自.以来(到现在) Mr green has taught in that school since he came to china three years ago. 8) till /until 直到: They walked till /until it was dark. Tom didnt leave home till / until his father came back. 难点as/ when/ while的辨析as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生，三者差异如下： as 表示“一边.一边/随着, 强调两个动作同时进行， I am cooking as I am singing.when 当.的时候, 从句动作 可在主句动作 之前 或之后发生 lit was raining hard when (as) i got there. 还可表and then; at that moment (正在那个时候/突然)： I am leaving for Beijing when the phone rang. while 在期间 从句动作为延续性动词或状态词 I am cooking while I am singing 然而（(表转折，对比）she thought I was talking about her daughter, while I was talking about my daughter.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away. 二、条件状语从句 要点：状语从句由连词if（如果）、unless (=if not)（除非） 引导。 1.if it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 2.you will get good grades if you study hard. 3.i will go to the party unless he goes there too. 4.you will be late unless you leave immediately.难点提示：用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用,（主将从现）.三、原因状语从句 要点: 由连词because, since既然, as因为, for因为 等词引导 .I didnt go to school yesterday because i was ill. S ince everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. I asked her to stay to tea, for i had something to tell her. .难点because , since , as , for,辨析 在语气上，because 最重,是直接理由,回答why 时只能用它. 其次是since, as ,一般不表示原因, 而是表明理由, 进一步说明.(译为：由于，既然)； for (常用于推断),表示理由.四、地点状语从句 要点: 由连词where和复合关系词wherever (=no matter where )）“无论哪里” 引导. where there is a will , there is a way.Wherever you go , I go too. 无论何处，多句首)。 wherever there is smoke , there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语) While she was wondering where to go , she met a policeman.五、目的状语从句 由连词so that, in order that 引导。 结果状语从句 由连词, sothat, suchthat引导。 1.sothat 如此以至于 the scientists report was so instructive that we were all very excited. 2.so that 以至, 以便 Ill run slowly so that you can catch up with me. (目的) 3. suchthat 如此.以至 its such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 4.in order that=so that:为了 we shall let you know the details soon in order that you can make your arrangements. 难点 so+形容词或副词 so +形+a(an)+单数可数名词 so+many 或few+复数可数名词 +that so+much或 little+不可数名词 so that ,suchthat , in order that引导目的地状语从句, 从句常用can, could, may, might, will, would等词。 so +adj./adv.+ that， such +n.+ that都表示结果, 其中so为副词,后接形容词，副词原型. The weather is so nice that Id like to take a walk. Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him. (=mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.) Ive had so many falls that Im black and blue all over. 我跌了很多跤，浑身数摔得清一块紫一块. There are so few notebooks that I cant give you any. 笔记本太少了, 我一本也给不了你. It is such nice weather that Id like to take a walk. 天气是如此只好,以至于我想去散散步. 考点六、让步状语从句 由连词 though, although (虽然) 引导. 注意：though/ although 都不能和but连用， 但是他们可以同yet (still) 连用. 即thought (although)yet(still). wrong: although he is rich but he is not happy. right : although he is rich, yet he is not happy. Although we have grown up, our parents (still) treat us as children. 七、比较状语从句： 主要运用于形容词和副词的原级，比较级及最高级的句子之中。 原级： asas 和.一样 not so(as)as 和.不一样 比较级：morethan (比.更) 形容词/副词+erthan. 最高级：the mostin/of/among (最) the + 形容词+estof/in/among 知识扩展 no more than 只不过(嫌少) I have no more than two pens. Its no more than a mile to the shops. not more than 不如. (前者不如后者) Jack is not more diligent than john. one of the +名词(复数) .之一(用于最高级) Hanmei is one of the best students in our school. 练习一、用when , while ,as soon as, notuntil 填空1. the car hit the man _ he was crossing the road. 2. Ill tell you the good news_ i get there.3. He _ go to bed _11oclock last night. 4. The accident happened _ I was on my way to work.5. Sports build the body_ reading builds the mind. 6. I used to be rather quite_ i was young. 4 / 4二、用although , though, however填空1.They got to the airport on time_ the traffic was bad. 2. We had a wonderful_ the food was terrible.3. Some people think winter is a bad season. _, for me its a good time because I live cold, rainy weather.三、用because, since, so that, if填空 1._ were young, we shouldnt be too afraid of making mistakes. 2.The weather was _ nice _ I spent the whole day in the park. 3.He couldnt come to your party_ he was ill. 4._ were you, i would wear that earrings.四、填入适当的引导词1. I havent heard from him _ he went to America. 2. He wont be here _ he is invited.3. He will not go to the cinema _ he is very busy. 4. We found the key _ she lad left it.5. We found the books two days _ he had gone away. 6. We had no sooner got to the station _the train left.7. He speaks English _ he were an Englishman. 8.He is explaining clearly _ they could understand.9. Do not leave the room _ you have finished the test. 10. She sang _ she went along.五、 改错（找出错误并改正）1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can.2. Since her husband had died，so she had to support her family.3. He wont go out until his mother will come.4. He was very foolish that he didnt pass such an easy exam.5. Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home.6. It was three months since he came to our school.7. The playground of our school is larger than their school.8. The streets in Nanjing are wider than shanghai.9. Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green.10. She sings songs as if she is a bird.知识迁移 状语从句在完形填空中的作用在完形填空解题过程中，正确使用状语从句中的连接词及副词，对于把握作者思路、从不同角度进行合乎逻辑的推理，进而达到理解全文、构建篇章意识来解决问题，起着决定性的作用。 Example 1,Some people dislike certain food 1_ they are not used to it. the Japanese enjoy eating raw fish 2_ few Americans would want to taste it. some people do not eat particular food for religious reasons. for instance, Muslims do not eat pork 3_ pigs are thought to be unclean.( )1.a. because b. before c. when d. since ( )2 a. as b. when c. while d. after ( )3 a. although b. because c. till d. so thatExample 2.People enjoy the food that they grew up with. As a cultural group, we learn to like what is available(现成可使用的 ) to us. Sometimes we need to change our eating habits. 4_ we move or travel to a new place with a different culture, or favorite food may not be available to us. 5_ we have to eat food that is different from the food we are used to . 4 ( )a. When b. Because c. As soon as d. If 5 ( )a. As a result b. Before c. So d. ForExample 3Try not to leave any caller on hold for too long. It is better to tell someone you will call back 6_ you are free. Be sure to return calls 7_ you can. 8 _ you can not return the call immediately, apologize to the caller for the delay.6 ( )a. while b. after c. when d. because 7 ( )a. If b. As soon as c. Until d. As 8 ( )a. where b. unless c. since d. if Example 4The complete course is 26 miles, 385 yards, and takes the best runners less than 3 hours. 9_ it has changed since 1970, the new york city marathon is always exciting.9 ( )a. Because b. Although c. When d. TillExample 5“And i dont think you have the right to ask me to remove them, 10_ you are my father.” said he.(05中考) 10 ( )a. after all b. only if c. even though d. as if状语从句在写作中的运用：写作中能合理、正确地使用状语从句，不但能地道的表达英文习惯，而且还能使文体结构更加严谨、美观。例如下文：My HobbyThe hobby I enjoy most is fishing.I started fishing (1)when I was five years old. Ill never forget the day (2)when my father first took me fishing with him. On that day, I was holding a fishing rod (3)when a fish suddenly started pulling on the line. (4)I was so shocked that I fell into the water. But experience didnt put me off and I have been fishing ever since.Now I still go fishing with my father. And we often go out on Sundays and spend the whole day fishing in the river.(1)是由when引导的时间状语从句，这列从句的使用频率很高。(2)句是由Ill never forget the day .及when my father first took me fishing with him.两句组成。when在从句中做时间状语。(3)句也是由when 引导的时间状语从句。when常与suddenly连用，主句常用过去进行是。译为“正在,忽然”.(4)是以 sothat (太.一直于)引导的结果状语从句