高考英语一轮总复习必修四Unit1 Women of achievement学案含解析新人教版.pdf

高考Unit 1 Women of achievement必备知识盘点夯基,BI BE!ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JII.单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用1.Tom,the top student of our class,1._respect_ vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；thinks studying is a very敬意_worthwhile_（值得做的）work.2._support_ n.&vt.支持；拥护；2.Generally speaking,there is a养活_generation_（一代）gap between3._deliver_ vt.递送；虫小孩儿）;接parents and children.生；发表（演说等）3.The Chinese people4._campaign_n.运动,战役_observe_（庆祝）the Spring Festival核vi.作战；参加运动from generation to generation.心5._worthwhile_ adj.值得的；值得做4.In his_childhood_量年）,Li Ming单的lived a happy life though his family词6._childhood_n.童年;幼年时代wasnt rich.7._crowd_n.人群；观众5.It was very considerate of you _tovt.挤满；使拥挤deliver_（deliver）milk to our door8._audience_n.观众；听众；读者every morning.9._generation_ n.一代;一辈6.The teenager from the United10._observe_vt.观察；观测；遵守;States was widely _respected_庆祝（respect）for what she had done.7.（2020新高考卷阅读）She decided to-1-/23BS.go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better _support_(养活)her family while doing something she loves:nursing.8.On the National Day,the streets _are crowded_(crowd)with a large number of people.1._achievement_ n.成就;功绩一1.1 hold the firm belief that you are_achieve_vt.完成;达到bound to _achieve_ your dream of2._connection_n.连接；关系一being admitted to a key university,_connect_vt.连接which will give you a wonderful3._organization_n.组织;机构;团sense of _achievement_.(achieve)体-organize_vt.维只2.The child _behaved_ so well in4._behave_ vt.&vi.举动;(举止或class that the teacher praised his拓行为）表现behaviour_n.行为；举good _behaviour_ in front of展止；习性others.(behave)单5._observe_ vt.观察；观测；遵守一词Observation!.观察；观测3.The rich man went abroad with6._argue_vt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争the _intention_ of trying his论1_argument_n.争论；争辩；争吵fortune,while the poor man7._inspire_ vt.鼓舞；激发；启示一_intended_to learn some skills of_inspired_adj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的earning money.(intend)-_inspiring_adj.鼓舞人心的一4.Listening to his _inspiring_inspiration_ n.鼓舞;灵感speech,we were _inspired_ to make-2-/23高考啰联想积累：8._refer_ vi.谈到；查阅；参考一great efforts.It gave us not only_reference_n.提及；涉及；参考；查hope but also阅_inspiration_.(inspire)9._sickness_ n.疾病；恶心一5.He _argued_ against smoking,_sick_adj.生病的and insisted that it was beyond10._intend_ vt.计划；打算一_argument_ that smoking was_intention_ n.打算；目的；意图harmful to health.At last,he11._considerate_ adj.考虑周到的_argued_ us out of smoking.(argue)_consider_ v.考虑；认为6.It is _considerate_ of you to take_consideration_n.考虑；体谅一her illness into_considering_ prep.考虑至_consideration_.(consider)1.鼓舞;激励动词家族inspire鼓舞；激发encourage鼓励;激励motivate激发;激励stimulate鼓舞;激励2.后缀-ation高频名词集锦inspiration 鼓舞；灵感consideration 考虑celebration庆祝；庆典appreciation 欣赏；感激3.可加-able或-ful构成形容词的单词respectrespectable 可敬的respectful 恭敬的-3-/23BS.forgetforgettable 易被忘记的forgetful 健忘的regret-regrettable 可惜的一regretful 遗憾的useusable可用的useful有用的；有益的H.短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1._move off_离开;起程;出发2._lead/live a.life_JS着.的生活3._crowd in_（想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海4._look down upon/on_!fl;瞧不起5._refer to）阅;参考；谈至！J;提及6._by chance碰巧;凑巧7._e across_（偶然）遇见;碰见8._carry on_继续;坚持9._devote.to.献身于;专心于10._work out 夬;锻炼身体；结果是语境运用1.The troublesome problems _crowd in_ on me,which makes me distract from my work.2.The manager asked his staff to _carry on_ with the market research as usual when he was on his business trip.3.Nowadays there are still many people _looking down upon/on_ those who are disabled.4.They all know success doesnt happen by chance-Only through hard work-4-/23BS.can we manage to achieve our dream.5.When you make a speech,youd better prepare for it well in advance and not _refer to_ your notes too often.6.Whenever he _es across_ something meaningful during travelling,he writes it down in his notebook.in.句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才 使她得以开始自己的计划。Honly+after 弓|导的状语从句置 于句首，主句主谓 应部分倒装。1.（2018全国卷I书面表达）只有 你了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪之后你 才能表现得体。Only after you have a better understanding of Chinese table manners _can you behave properly_.2.Once I stop,it all es crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌 上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑 猩猩。once引导条件状 语从句，意为一旦就2.（2017全国卷II书面表达）一旦 你决定参加中国剪纸展，请不要犹 豫，一定要让我知道。_Once you decide to take part in_ the Chinese paper-cutting show,please dont hesitate to let me know.3.Suddenly it hit me howdifficult it was for a woman toIt hits/hit sb.+从句表示某人3.（某某卷）他突然意识到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。-5-/23高考核心素养楠井层练get medical training at that time.我突然想起，在那个年代，一个女 子去学医是多么困难啊。突然想起_It suddenly hit him that_ he had left his keys in the office.HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG HAN1.behave vi.&vt.举动；(举止或行为)表现C词汇拓展behavio(u)r n.举止；行为丫用法归纳(l)behave oneself守规矩；举止有礼behave well/badly to/towards sb.对某人好/差(2)well-behaved adj.表现好的badly-behaved adj.表的(3)mind ones behavior注意某人举止C层级训练夯基一单句语法填空。Personally,it is pletely wrong of him to behave with such an attitude _to/towards_ others and life.Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave _themselves_(they).提能一单句写作。(2018全国卷I书面表达)就我个人而言，我们大家都应该注意公共场所的举止。-6-/23高考As far as Im concerned,all of us should mind our behaviour in public places_.2.observe vt 观测；观察；遵守；庆祝C词汇拓展observation n.观察；观测observatory n.天文台；气象台Y用法归纳(l)observe sb.do sth.观察到某人做了某事(强调动作的全过程)observe sb.doing sth.观察到某人在做某事(强调动作正在进行)observe that.观察到.(2)observe the speed limit/local customs遵守时速限制规定/当地的风俗(3)observe Christmas Day 庆祝圣诞节under observation在监视下;受观察M名师点津在被动语态中，observe后充当补足语的不带to的动词不定式中的to要还原出来，即 sb./sth.is observed to do sth,He observed someone open the door.Someone is observed to open the door.他注意到有人打开了门。Q巧学助记各种看之口诀看场电影用see,读书、看报用read;电视、戏剧和比赛，凡是表演用watch;observe 细观察；一时注意notice。三图巧记observeC层级训练-7-/23高考夯基一写出下列句中observe的含义。Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守_It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.(2019某某卷)We can observe that artificial inteligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.观察The thief was observed to open the window and run away._注意到提能一单句写作。(某某书面表达)In a word,there are so many disadvantages of Internet voting that it is not worth trusting.Therefore,rules _should be worked out and strictly observed_.总之，网上投票有很多缺点，不值得信任。因此，应该制定规则并严格遵守。3.respect vt.尊敬；尊重n.敬意;方面G归纳拓展(l)respect sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而尊重某人(2)show/have respect for.尊重.give/send ones respect to sb.问候某人out of respect for sb.出于对某人的尊敬(3)in respect of=with respect to 就而言;关于;至于in the respect/in some respects 在这方面些方面C层级训练夯基一单句语法填空。-8-/23高考（2018全国卷 I 书面表达）In China,we attach great importance to _respecting_（respect）the elderly.夯基一完成句子。Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice,_out of respect for farmers labor_（tE于对农民劳动的尊重）.提能一熟词生义。China is developing very rapidly in all respects and were all proud of our motherland.上面一夯基一单句改错。Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice,out of the respect for farmers labor.去掉the_With respect of your other suggestions,I am not yet able to tell you our decision._With*In_提能一词汇转换/句式升级。We respect our English teacher.Her modesty and good behaviour make a deep impression on us.We _show respect for_ our English teacher _whose modesty and good behaviour make a deep impression on us_.（respect n.;升级为定语从句）4.argue vi.&vt.讨论；辩论C词汇拓展argument n.争论；论据丫用法归纳（l）argue with sb.about/over sth.同某人争论某事-9-/23高考argue for/against sth.据理力争/反对某事argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事argue that 主X；认为(2)beyond argument 无可争论W温馨提示表示说服做的其他表达形式还有：persuade sb.to do sth.persuade sb.into doing sth.convince sb.to do sth.talk sb.into doing sth.C层级训练夯基一单句语法填空。How I regretted arguing _with_ her about the important question,which made both of us unhappy.(2)After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without _argument_(argue).提能句多译。我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳的。We tried many ways _to argue him into following_ our advice,but in vain.(argue)We tried many ways _to persuade him to follow_ our advice,but in vain.(persuade)We tried many ways _to talk him into following_ our advice,but in vain(talk)5.support vt.&n.支持;拥护;赡养C词汇拓展supporter n.支suportive adj.同情的；支持的Y用法归纳-10-/23高考(l)support a family 赡养家庭support sb.in(doing)sth,在(做)某事方面支持某人support oneself 自力更生(2)in support of sb./sth.支持或支援某人/某物with ones support在某人的支持下C层级训练夯基一单句语法填空。The government _supported_(support)the unions in their demand for a minimum wage.由his wifes support,Mr.Wang contributed a lot of money to the people in the stricken area.His suggestions put forward at the meeting _were supported_ by his _supporters_.(support)(2017某某卷)He is always _supportive_(support).Whenever she is in trouble,he is there for her.提能一熟词生义。(5)Can you give some examples to support your argument?_证实提能一单句写作。(2019某某卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _unless he wants their support_.汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。6.intend vt.打算；计划C词汇拓展intention n.目的；意图Y用法归纳-11-/23高考(1)intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事be intended to do sth./for sth.专门为.;专门给.had intended to do sth.(=intend to have done)原来打算做某事(2)with the intention of 抱有 的目的/打算C层级训练夯基一单句语法填空。(卷书面表达)Im writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.I intend _to join/joining_(join)the Dragon Boat Training Camp.The school being built at present is said to be intended _for_ the disabled children.This program was set up with an _intention_(intend)of providing help to homeless people.提能句多译。(2018卷书面表达)这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课程而闻名。The university is known for its language and culture courses _which are intended for international students_.(定语从句)The university is known for its language and culture courses _intended for international students_.(分词作定语)7.delivervt.递送；生(小孩儿);接生；发表(演说等)C词汇拓展delivery n.投递;送货;分娩;讲演丫用法归纳(l)deliver sth.(to sb.)投递/传送某物(给某人)deliver sb.of a baby 为某人接生deliver a speech/lecture/talk 发表演讲-12-/23高考be delivered of a baby give birth to a baby生孩子(2)express delivery 快递Q巧学助记delivc抵义荟萃c层级训练夯基一单句语法填空。(牛津高阶)Please pay for goods on _delivery_(deliver).提能一完成句子。(MM高考)His parents always had him weeding the garden,carrying out the garbage and-delivering newspapers_.他的父母总是让他给花园锄草、将生活垃圾携带出去和分发报纸。If you decide to _deliver a speech_,please make it brief.如果你要发表演讲，请讲简短一点。It was lucky that she _was delivered of_ a healthy baby.幸运的是，她生下了一个健康的婴儿。8.refert。谈到，提到；参考，查阅；指的是G归纳拓展(1)refer to查阅/参考refer to.as.把.当作.(2)reference n.言及;提及;参考;查阅in/with reference to 关于-13-/23高考reference books 参考书Q巧学助记When I meet new words I dont know,I oftenrefer to/consult the dictionary.If you dont know a word,you can look the word up in a dictionary,too.当遇到不认识的生词时，我经常查词典。如果你不认识一个单词，你也可以查词典。C层级训练夯基一写出下列句中refer to的含义。（某某高考）What does the underlined word it in the last paragraph refer to?/旨的是一If you dont know the exact meaning of the word,you may refer to the dictionary.直阅Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test._参考_We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again._ 提到一提能一单句写作。（某某高考书面表达）课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。The textbooks and dictionaries can _be used as reference books_ while the magazines serve as reading materials.9.look down upon/on蔑视;轻视；瞧不起G归纳拓展look up to尊敬；仰视look forward to 盼望；期待look into调查；观察；窥视look up抬头看；查阅look back on回忆;回顾-14-/23高考look out(for.)注意;留意；留神(.)look through浏览;仔细查看Q巧学助记h rf n look k)wn(upoo)look up(to)loofc into one*eyeac层级训练夯基一用look的相关短语填空。N。matter how low you consider yourself,there is always someone _looking up to_ you wishing they were that high.We shouldnt _look down upon/on_ the disabled;on the contrary,we should help them.(3)I _looked through_ todays newspaper but I found nothing important.I like to _look back on_ my high school days,which were the happiest in my life.(某 某高考)1 often _look up_ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet.提能一单句写作。(2019全国卷DI书面表达)Id like to express my warm wele to you and your performances.Meanwhile,_Im looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible_.我热烈欢迎你和你的演出。同时，我期待着尽快收到你的回信。10.Once 1 stop,it all es crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。(l)once引导条件状语从句，意为”一旦.就(2)若once引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，可省-15-/23高考略从句中的主语和be动词。C层级训练夯基一完成句子。_Once you begin to do something_（一旦你开始做事情）,you must carry on with it,otherwise you will never achieve anything.You will be successful in the interview _once you have confidence_（一旦你有 自信心）.提能一句式升级。Once it is lost,the good chance may never e again.-_Once lost _,the good chance may never e again.（省略）11.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.我突然想起，在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。本句中it hit me+从句是习惯用语，意为我忽然想起:到），其中hit意为忽然想 到；偶然发现；找到。G归纳拓展It occurs to sb.that（某人）突然想到It strikes sb.that（某人）突然想到It happens that 碰巧.C层级训练夯基一单句语法填空。t_ hit him that he lost his key in the office.It happened _that_ they spent their childhood in the same village.提能句多译。（全国卷DI书面表达）我突然想到我忘记我们的约定了。hit me that_ I had forgotten our appointment.-16-/23高考_It occurred to me that_ I had forgotten our appointment.(5)_It struck me that_ I had forgotten our appointment.错误!未指定书矗_高效演练素献升GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG11 SHENGI.单句语法填空1._Observe_(observe)carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.解析：考查祈使句。句意：在实验室里做实验时，一定要仔细观察是否有什么变化发生。句中if引导宾语从句，设空处为主句动词，且表示祈使语气，故用动词原形observe,构成 祈使句。2.(某,14)1 hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to carry_on_a conversation with her.解析：考查动词短语。句意：我讨厌她在我工作的时候给我打，我总是太忙了不能和她 进行谈话。carry on 继续；坚持;进行。故填。n。3.An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered _by_chance a long lost antique Greek vase.解析：考查介词短语。句意：一位最近在通往南岛的渡口旅游的艺术家意外地发现了一 个丢失久远的古希腊花瓶。by chance 偶然。故填by。4.The international agreement,_intended_(intend)to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit,was signed on February 27.解析：考查分词短语作定语。根据be intended to dd可知此处填过去分词intended。5.(某某卷)The publication of GreatExpectations,which _was_ both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.解析：考查时态和主调一致。句意：远大前程这部小说的受到各界的评论和高度赞扬，-17-/23BS.它巩固了狄更斯作为顶尖小说家的地位。空格处与后面的reviewed和praised 一起构成定语 从句的谓语，根据主句谓语strengthened判断这里用一般过去时 定语从句的关系词which 指代主句的 the publication of GreatExpectations,主语核心词是 publication，故 be 动 词用was06.If you e _across_ faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.解析：考查动词短语。句意：如果你发现自行车有瑕疵但还想买,可以要求店员降价。e across(偶然)发现二故填across。7.(课标全国卷 I)Trust is a learned_behavior/behaviour_(behave)that we gain from past experiences.解析：考查词形转换。根据空前的 a learned可知此处应填名词,两种拼写方式behavior/behaviour 均正确。8.The Internet gives students the chance to have the materials they need _delivered_(deliver)to them quickly and cheaply.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网给学生们提供了让他们所需的材料迅速廉价地传 递给他们的机会。句中they need为定语从句，修饰materials，并且使用了 have sth.done 结构，故用delivered作宾语补足语。9.After the strong typhoon“Haiyan“visited the Philippines,gone _were_(be)the beauty and many other things.解析考查主调一致。这里考查了一个倒装句句中的主语为the beauty and many other things,故谓语动词用复数形式。根据句意可知用一般过去时。句意：强台风海燕经过菲 律宾之后,美丽的风景和其他许多东西一去不复返了。故填were。10.On November 11,munities hold ceremonies and parades _to observe_(observe)Veterans Day in America.解析：考查不定式。句意：在美国十一月十一日，很多社团举办仪式和游行庆祝退伍军 人节。根据句意和句子结构填t。observe作目的状语。-18-/23BS.11.Where did you go on Nati