《工程热力学》、《传热学》课程专业词汇中英文对照表.doc

工程热力学 课程专业词汇中英文对照表thermodynamics热力学 heat热 work功 irreversible process不可逆过程 energylaw of energy conservation能量守恒定律 temperature 温度 thermal equilibrium热平衡 Zeroth law of thermodynamics热力学第零定律 temperature scale温标thermometer温度计 thermodynamics scale of temperature 热力学温标 density密度 mass质量 pressure压力 gauge pressure表压 absolute pressure绝对压力 system系统 boundary边界 surrounding外界 closed system闭口系统 open system开口系统 quantity of state状态参数 process过程 reversible process可逆过程 irreversible process不可逆过程 quasistatic process准静态过程 isovolumetric process定容过程 adiabatic process绝热过程 isothermal process定温过程 polytrophic process多变过程 P-V diagram P-V 图 absolute work 绝对功 technical work技术功 kinetic energy动能 potential energy势能 internal energy内能 specific internal energy比内能 specific heat capacity比热容 constant volume specific heat capacity定容比热容 constant pressure specific heat capacity定压比热容 flow energy流动能 enthalpy焓 specific enthalpy比焓 latent heat潜热 sensible heat显热 law of conservation of energy能量守恒定律 first law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律 nozzle喷管 heat engine热机 perpetual-motion machine of first kind第一类永动机 ideal gas理想气体 imperfect gas非理想气体 equation of state状态方程式 universal gas constant通用气体常数 ratio of specific heat capacity比热容比 Joule-Thomson effect焦耳汤姆逊效应 partial pressure分压力 Dalton”s law道尔顿定律 humidity湿度 dry air干空气 absolute humidity绝对湿度 saturated steam pressure饱和蒸汽压 relative humidity相对湿度 dew point露点 cycle循环 reciprocating engine往复式发动机 bottom dead center下止点 top dead center上止点 thermal efficiency热效率 refrigerator制冷机 heat pump热泵 72 irreversibility不可逆性 second law of thermodynamic热力学第二定律 Clausius statement克劳修斯表述 Kelven-Plank statement 开尔文普朗克表述 perpetual-motion machine of second kind第二类永动机 isenthalpic process定焓过程 Carnot cycle卡诺循环 Clausius integral克劳修斯积分 Clausius inequality克劳修斯不等式 entropy熵 absolute entropy绝对熵 principle of the increase of entropy熵增原理 T-S diagram T-S图 real gas实际气体 steam蒸汽 boiling沸腾 evaporation汽化 saturation pressure饱和压力 wet saturated steam 湿蒸汽 convergent nozzle渐缩喷管 critical pressure临界压力 Mach number马赫数 compression ignition engine压缩点火发动机 Diesel cycle狄赛尔循环 combined cycle混合加热循环 gas turbine燃气轮机 steam prime mover蒸汽原动机 boiler锅炉传热学课程专业词汇中英文对照表heat transfer热传递 heat conduction导热 convection对流 natural convection自然对流 free convection 自由对流forced convection 强制对流heat transfer by convection对流换热phase change 相变 evaporation蒸发 boiling沸腾 condensation凝结 melting融化 solidification凝固 thermal radiation热辐射temperature field温度场steady-state conduction稳态温度场transient conduction非稳态温度场temperature gradient 温度梯度isotherms 等温线 cartesian coordinates直角坐标系heat flux热流密度矢量Fouriers law导热基本定律heat Diffusion Equation导热微分方程式initial conditions初始条件boundary conditions边界条件thermal contact resistance接触热阻 isothermal place等温面 heat transfer rate热流量 heat flux lines热流线heat flux热流密度 thermal conductivity 导热系数 thermal diffusivity热扩散率 heat transfer coefficient换热系数 thermal resistance热阻 thermal resistance of fouling污垢热阻overall thermal resistance总热阻 overall coefficient of heat transfer传热系数convection heat transfer对流换热 dimensional analysis量纲分析boundary layer边界层 analysis of the order of magnitude in boundary layer边界层的数量级分析 boundary layer integral equation 边界层积分方程boundary layer differential equation边界层微分方程 boundary grid point边界节点 boundary layer condition边界条件 turbulent flow湍流 Nusselt number努谢尔特数 Reynolds number 雷诺数Prandtl number普朗特数 Grashof number 格拉晓夫数external flow外部流动 flow along a flat plate外掠平板reference temperature定性温度 equivalent diameter当量直径boiling heat transfer沸腾换热flow across single tube横掠单管 flow across tube bundles横掠管束 pool boiling大容器沸腾 flow boiling流动沸腾 forced convection boiling强制对流沸腾 subcooled boiling过冷沸腾 surface boiling 表面沸腾subcool temperature过冷温度 saturated boiling饱和沸腾 bulx boiling容积沸腾 superheat过热度 maximum heat flux point最大热流密度点 nucleation center核化中心 nucleate boiling核态沸腾 burn out烧毁 minimum heat flux point最小热流密度点 film boiling膜态沸腾 transition boiling过渡沸腾 spheroidal state球形状态 boiling curve沸腾曲线 condensation凝结 condenser冷凝器 film condensation膜状凝结 drop-wise condensation珠状凝结 mixed condensation 混合凝结radiation heat transfer辐射换热 absolute black body 绝对黑体 gray body灰体view factor 角系数spectrum 光谱Planck radiation law 普朗克辐射定律Rayleigh formula雷莱公式 emissivity辐射率reflectivity反射比emissive power辐射力 degree of blackness黑度 irradiation投入辐射radiosity有效辐射 diffuse reflection漫反射 diffuse surface漫射表面thermal shield 遮热板heat exchanger换热器 parallel-flow 顺流 counter-flow逆流effectiveness of heat exchanger 换热器的效能log-mean temperature difference对数平均温差