外研版必修三module5重点知识与练习.doc

.单词荟萃1equal v. 等于adj. 相等的， 平等的 _ adv. 同样地， 相等地 _ n平等， 同等2. _ n重要， 重要性 important adj. 重要的3stress n. 压力v.重读， 强调 _ adj. 紧张的 _ adv.感到压力的4. _ v. 辞职 resignation n. 辞职； 辞呈5. _ adj. 有影响的 influence n&v. 影响6. _ n诚实 honest adj.诚实的 _ adv. 诚实地7. _ n. 正义， 公正 just adv.正好；刚才 adj.正义的8. _ n贡献， 捐助contribute v. 捐赠， 作出贡献9invent vt.发明；虚构， 编造 _ n. 发明 _ n. 发明家10. _ n. 争论， 辩论 argue v. 辩论；主张.短语检测1相信；信任 2养育； 提出 3采纳建议 4在一些方面 5责任感 6对感到自豪 7总之 8生平第一次 9如果是这样的话 10起初， 一开始 believe in bring up follow/take ones advice in some ways a sense of responsibility be proud of in conclusion for the first time ever if so at first .佳句再现1But it was also _ there were many great philosophers. 但是这也是一个有很多伟大的哲学家的时代。2Mencius was a thinker _ teachings were very _ of Confucius. 孟子是一位思想家，他的学说与孔子的相似。3For many years he traveled _ the principles of Confucius.很多年他游走于各个国家传授孔子的理念。4Mencius believed that _ man is different from animals _ man is good. 孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。5Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were _ a horse. 汽车首次在19世纪末开始使用， 跑得和马一样慢。.词汇学习1equaladj.相等的；同样的 n. 相等的人或物 vt. 等于；比得上(1) equally adv. 同样地；相等地 equality n. 相等；平等；同等(2) be equal to 和相等；能胜任of equal size/length/importance大小/长度相同/同样重要【活学活用】(1)The rent was _ half his monthly income. 租金相当于他的月收入的一半。(2)Diet and exercise are _饮食和锻炼同样重要。2order n. 秩序；顺序；订购；订单；(点的)饭菜；命令vt. 命令；订购；点菜/饮料等(1)disorder n. 混乱， 紊乱， 无秩序(2)in order 有秩序；有条理 out of order 紊乱；出故障in order to do/in order that 以便；为了place an order for 订购take ones order 记下某人的订单 keep order 维持秩序(3)order sb. to do命令/吩咐某人做某事order that 命令(从句用should动词原形， should可以省略)【活学活用】1. 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)The phone is _. 电话坏了。(2)We _ yet. 我们还没点菜。(3)He lit a cigarette _ calm his mind.他点燃一支香烟， 稳定一下情绪。2. 单项填空Shall I take your _ , sir?Well, we need to look at the menu for a while. Aservice Bfood Corder Drequest【解析】 C根据第二个人说“需要看一会菜单”可知第一句话是服务员询问顾客是否点菜。take ones order是指“记下某人的订单”，即“点菜”。3stressn. 压力；强调；重音vt. 强调；重读(1)stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的； 紧张的(2)lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调be under stress 在压力下 relieve/reduce stress 减少压力suffer from stress 遭受压力(3)be stressed out 焦虑不安的stress the importance of 强调的重要性【活学活用】(1)Robert looks so _ (焦虑不安的) since he started this new job. (2)Janes been _ since her mothers illness.简自从妈妈生病以来一直压力很大。4inventvt. 发明；创造；编造；想出invention n. 发明；创造 inventor n. 发明者；创造者【易混辨析】invent, discover, find和find out(1)invent 指发明出原来不存在的东西。(2)discover 指发现早已存在的但不为人所知的东西。(3)find意为“找到， 发现”， 通常指找到或发现具体的东西， 也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况， 强调的是找的结果。(4)find out 指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相， 意为“查明， 弄清楚”。【活学活用】用invent, discover或find out的适当形式填空(1)Laszlo Biro _ the ballpoint pen. (2)Columbus is said to _ America in 1492.(3)Can you _what time the meeting will start?(4)You are always _ excuses. 5conditionn. 状况；条件；环境， 条件on this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下on no condition 无论如何都不；绝不 on condition that条件是【易混辨析】state, situation, condition和position(1)state 表示某事物所显示出的具体状况或状态， 是可数名词。如：Water exists in three states. 水有三种形态。(2)situation表示国家、集体或个人所处的综合的“形势， 情况， 处境”。如：international situation国际形势in the present situation 在目前形势下(3)condition 表示要做某事需满足的“条件”；某人、某物所处的“(健康)状况”(不可数名词， 但有时也加a)；表示工作、学习等的“环境， 条件”时多用复数。如：poor working conditions 恶劣的工作环境meet/satisfy a condition 满足条件Hes in excellent condition for a man of his age. 他就其年龄而言， 身体极好。 (4)position指“位置， 职位”。【活学活用】(1) _are you allowed to do that. 无论如何也不允许你那样做。(2)Ill let you borrow it _ you lend me your bicycle in return. 我借给你也行， 但有个条件， 你得把你的自行车借给我。(3) People are looking forward to improving their living _. 人们期待着改善生活条件。(4) Children must be taught to deal with dangerous _.必须教会孩子们处理危险的情况。(5)Ice is water in a solid _. 冰是水的固体状态。6contributionn. 贡献；促成作用；捐款；捐献物；投稿(1)contribute v. 捐款；贡献；有助于；投稿(2)make a contribution to 对作贡献 contribute (sth.) to 对捐献， 向投稿 contribute to 有助于， 促成【活学活用】(1)Everyone should _ our society. 人人都应该为社会作贡献。(2) The government encouraged everyone to _ those suffering from disaster. 政府鼓励每个人向受灾的人们捐助。(3)Does smoking _ lung cancer?吸烟会导致肺癌吗？ 短语学习1. bring up教育， 养育；提出；呕吐bring down使下降 bring in 引入；提出；获利bring about 引起， 导致， 造成 bring along 带来bring out 使显示；出版；生产【活学活用】用bring相关短语的适当形式填空(1) Her parents died when she was a baby and she was _by her aunt.(2)Scientists say that many factors _ changes in the weather. (3)The store has agreed to _ the price of the computer. (4) The sale of the house only _ about 45, 000.(5)New personal computers are _ almost daily. . 句型学习1Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. 孟子是一位思想家， 他的学说与孔子的学说极为相似。【句式点拨】在表示比较的句型中， those可用来替代前文中的复数名词。若前文名词为不可数名词或单数名词， 则用that。【活学活用】用that或those填空(1)The weather in Beijing is much colder than _ in Shanghai. (2)The students in our class are much older than _ in your class. 2Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were no faster than a horse. 汽车首次在19世纪末开始使用， 跑得和马一样慢。【句式点拨】no 比较级than 表“两者都不”；not 比较级than 表“前者不如后者”。如He is no more careful than you. He is as careless as you.他和你一样粗心。He is not more careful than you. 他没有你那么细心。【活学活用】Not all bamboo grows tall. The shortest grows _ your ankles. Ahigher than Bas high as Cno higher than Dless higher than【解析】 Cno higher than as short as，正符合语境。句意：并非所有的竹子都长得很高，最矮的竹子长得只有你脚踝那么高。课后练习.单词拼写1I do believe in e _ of opportunity.2It was commonly believed that he was an _ (诚实的)man.3The i _ of the computer marked the beginning of a new era.4Dont a _ with me; my decision is final. 5Beethoven was an _(有影响力的) figure in the history of music. .选词填空bring up， believe in， at first， in some ways， in conclusion1The changes are beneficial _ but not in others.2Your suggestion will _ at the next meeting. 3. _, Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying here.4He is one of my best friends. I _ him.5. _, I dont like him, but later we became good friends. .单项填空1 2010辽宁卷 I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that he drops all charges.A. by B. in C. on D. to 【解析】 Con the condition that相当于一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。22010全国卷 The island is _ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally【解析】 D考查副词词义辨析。partly部分地；merely仅仅；nearly几乎；equally同样地。句意：这个岛屿因春秋两季气候宜人，因此同样迷人。 3From their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.Astage Bposition Ccondition Dsituation【解析】 B考查名词词义辨析。stage 舞台，时期，阶段；position 位置；condition 条件，情况；situation 形势，情况，情景。根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。句意：从电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地观赏这个城市的景色。4We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sons illness had put him under great _ . Aemotion Bexcitement Ccrisis Dstress【解析】 D考查名词辨析。 put sb. under (great) stress使某人处境(非常)紧张，使某人受(很大)压力。5Every year the CCTV chooses ten _ figures among the ordinary people, whose deeds can move China. Ahistorical Bluckiest Cmost influential Dmore enthusiastic【解析】 C考查形容词辨析。句意：每年中央电视台都要在普通人中评选10位最有影响的人物，他们的事迹能够感动中国。6Why did you _ ?I was offered a better position at IBM. Areact Bretire Cresign Dremove【解析】 C考查动词辨析。react反应；retire退休；resign辞职；remove除掉，移动。由答语可知是“辞职”。72011湖北卷 The government has taken measures to_the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring downC. hand down D. tear down【解析】 B考查动词短语辨析。bring down使降低，使下降；take down记下，写下；hand down传下来；tear down扯下，拆毁，拆除。8People in this village will remember his contributions _ defending the village. Aon Bin Cto Dabout【解析】 C考查介词搭配。contribution to对的贡献。9She is _ careful than her brother. They cant do the work that needs carefulness. Anot more Bno more Cnot less Dno less【解析】 B考查比较级。根据语境可知，两人都不够细心，选B，表“两者都不”。10The research has caused a lot of _ . Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Aquarrels Bfightings Cstatement Dargument【解析】 D考查名词辨析。由后句可知这项研究引起争论。quarrel争吵；fighting战斗；statement 陈述，声明；argument争论，辩论。