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中考英语专项复习情态动词十二导学案无答案人教新目标版1.doc

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情态动词(十二) 【复习目标】 掌握初中阶段情态动词的基本用法。 【导学过程】 情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, be able to, need (needed)等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语 (一)can, could 1) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。 Can you lift this heavy box?(体力) Mary can speak three languages.(知识)  Can you skate?(技能) 2) 表示请求和允许。 ---Can I go now?    --- Yes, you can./ No, you can’t.    此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉, 不能用于肯定句和答语中。   --- Could I come to see you tomorrow?   --- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not.) 3) 表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。  They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.  This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。   Can this be true? This can’t be done by him. How can this be true?  (二)may, might  1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。 ---Might/ May I smoke in this room?           --- No, you mustn’t. 用May I..?征徇对方许可时比较正式客气,而用Can I…?在口语中更常见。 2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。May you succeed! 3) 表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。 might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。 1.He may /might be very busy now. 2.Your mother may /might not know the truth. (三)must, have to 1) must表示必须、必要。 You must come in time. 在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必).    ---Must we hand in our exercise books today?  --- Yes, you must.     --- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t. 2) must是说话人的主观看法, 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时, have to 有更多的时态形式。 3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句) 1.You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best. 2.Your mother must be waiting for you now.  (四)need    need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to,等代替。     1.You needn’t come so early.     2.---- Need I finish the work today? ---- Yes, you must./ No, you needn’t. need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化,而need后面只能接带to的不定式。     He needs to finish his homework today. (五) should表义务。意为“应该”(某件事宜于做),用于各种人称。 You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。 (六)would表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 Would you like another glass of beer? 再来杯啤酒好吗? Would you mind cleaning the window? 请把窗户擦一下好吗? (七) used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。 He used to live in the countryside, but now he lives in the city. 他过去住在乡下现在住在城里 I usedn’t (didn’t use) to smoke. 我过去不抽烟。 Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你过去常步行去学校吗? 一、自主复习 试着做下列题,不会的,快速阅读所给教材相关部分,继续完成。 1.---Must I hand in my exercise book today? ---No, you ________. A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.won’t 2.---Who is the boy over there?Is it John?---No,it __be him.John is much taller. A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t 3.John________ come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. A.may B.can C.has to D.must 4.Children ________ play with fire. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t 5.---May I have a word with you? ---No,you _____.I’m busy today. A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.don’t have to D.can’t 二、合作学习(由前后4人组成的大组内合作:把你的答案说出来与同学交流,不同意见进行讨论,小组内达成共识,并将你的困惑提出来让同学帮助解决或求助老师)。 【在学生学习过程中,教师巡视,了解学情,都会做的题不用再一个一个的提问,提问意见不一致的题】 三、展示交流(教师组织提问,4人小组派代表发言,向全班展示交流学习成果,小组间 进行互评纠错、补充) 四、互讲巩固(2人小组分别将上述问题答案的原因复述一遍,同位之间进行互讲)。 【精讲点拨】 根据学情确定所讲内容,重点讲学生讨论交流后还弄不明白的问题以及需要拓展的知识 【中考链接】 6.Joho____cone  to see us tonight, but isn’t very sure yet. A.may     B.can    C.has to     D.must 7.They____do well in the exam. A.can be able to   B.be able to.         C.Can able to.   D.are able to. 8.May I take this book out? No, you______. A.can’t   B.may not.  C.needn’t    D.aren’t 9.You____go and see a doctor at  once because you ‘re got a fever. A.can   B.must   C.dare   D.would 10.---Can you speak Japanese? ---No, I_____ A.mustn’t   B.can’t   C.needn’t   D.may not  【拓展延伸】填空。先独立做,后小组内交流。 11.You all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing. A.needn’t have washedB.shouldn’t have washed C.must not have washedD.can not have washed 12.When we got to the cinema, the film hasn’t started yet, so we ____. A.needn’t hurry B.didn’t need hurry C.needn’t to hurryD.needn’t have hurried 13.I can’t find the recorder in the room.It ____ by somebody. A.may have been taken away B.may leave C.may take away  D.must have taken away 14.It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously. A.might have injured B.could injure C.should have injured D.must injure 【达标测评】(4人小组大组长组织评价,2人小组互改,大组长检查,组内交流、达成共识; 各组代表与全班交流做题情况,教师讲评)。 1.—Whose T—shirt is this? Is it John's? —It ______ be his. It's too small for him. A. can't B. may C. must D. needn't 2.You don’t feel well. I think you _____ lie down and have a rest. A. should B. will C. would 3.---It seems that Mr. Wu is standing there. ---It ________ be him because he called me from Canada just now. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 4.Please speak__ .I follow you.21·cn·jycom A. slowly ; can B. quickly; can’t C. slow; can’t D. slowly; can’t 5.---Mr Wu, must we bring some water to the park? ---No, you___. Drinking water is offered there. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t 6.— Listen! Is that Millie playing the piano in the room? — No, It___be Millie, she has gone to London. A. may not B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t 7.---I can’t stop smoking, doctor. ----For your health, I’m afraid you ______. A. may B. need C. have to D. must 8.—Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you, Mom? —No, you_____, son. You’re free to make your own decision. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 9.It ____be Tom. He has gone to America. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may D. can 10.—The film will be on at half past eight. —Oh, I _____ go now, or I will be late for it. A. must B. may C. can D. maybe
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