汽车减震器测试系统的研究设计优秀中英文资料.doc

汽车减震器测试系统的设计中英文资料学生姓名：xxxxxx 班级：xxxxx指导教师：xxxxxxx 职称：xxxxxxxx专业名称： 电子信息工程 基于虚拟仪器的汽车减震器测试平台虚拟仪器本身是一个功能比较完整的软件开发环境。同时又是一种编程语言，具备语言的所有特性，因此又被称之为G语言。G语言是一种适用于任何编程任务，具有函数库的通用编程语言。和BASIC或C语言一样，G语言定义了数据模型、结构类型和模块调用语法规则等编程语言的基本要素，在功能完整性和应用灵活性上不逊于任何高级语言，同时G语言丰富的扩展函数库还为用户提供了极大的方便。这些扩展函数主要面向数据采集、GPIB和串行仪器控制以及数据分析、数据显示和数据存储。而这一点正好适合本课题。G语言与传统高级编程语言的最大差别在于编程方式，一般高级语言采用文本编程，而G语言采用图形化编程方式。这种编程方式具有编程简单、直观、开发效率高(可使效率提高最高达5倍)、调试方便的特点。故该软件环境已成为虚拟仪器开发应用软件的主流。用G语言编程的过程即为对“虚拟仪器”的软件对象进行图形化的组合操作过程。利用LabVIEW可通过交互式的图形前面板进行系统控制和结果显示。通过组合常用的框图模块来指定各种功能，系统能够对上千种设备进行数据采集，包括GPIB、VX、串口设备、PLC以及插入式数据采集卡等。系统还可以通过网络、交互应用通讯和结构化查询语言(SQL)等方式与其他的数据源相连。完成数据采集后，可利用LabVIEW功能强大的数据分析程序，将原始数据转换成有意义的结果。同时它有很丰富的控件库，其中包含工程上常用的各种各样的开关、旋钮、表头、数值指示器和波形显示器等仪表面板部件。设计虚拟仪器面板只需从控件库中选取所需的控件，并以很简便的方法为它们设置合适的属性（例如尺寸、颜色、量程等）和位置，界面和真实仪器十分相似。使用户操作面板就像操作一台真实的仪器，这一点是其独有的，也是其他编程语言无法比拟的。如有需要，这些属性可方便地通过程序进行调整。面板上的所有控件都会在程序图中自动生成对应的图标。源程序主要由面板上控件的图标、函数图标和连线组成。通常情况下，输入参数在图标左侧连接，而输出参数从图标右侧引出。设计程序图的基本方法是：从函数库选取所需的函数图标，并按照数据在程序中传送的顺序把它们和控件图标的位置统一编排好，再用连线工具将图标都连接起来。随着半导体及软件技术的快速发展，汽车减震器的测试在汽车产业中所占比例越来越大。从汽车的舒适性到稳定性乃至安全性的实现中，汽车减震器都担任着至关重要的角色，并且正发挥着越来越广泛的作用。汽车减震器厂商也正面临着巨大的市场挑战提高产品质量、加快生产周期、降低生产成本等等。在这样的条件下，对汽车减震器的测试设备的要求日益增高。在汽车减震器测试中，所采用的测试设备是一种需要根据被测产品的不同而快速灵活定制、能够提供丰富的测试功能、便于工程师快速开发及维护的软、硬件平台。1测试平台针对以上应用需求，本文介绍一种基于虚拟仪器技术的汽车减震器测试平台，可以极大地方便各厂商进行汽车减震器测试。该测试平台基于虚拟仪器技术构建，由两部分组成软件和硬件。硬件采用美国国家仪器公司（NI）的PXI模块化仪器；软件采用NI的LabVIEW图形化编程语言和TestStand测试管理软件开发。2硬件组成PXI是一种专为工业数据采集与自动化应用度身定制的模块化仪器平台，具备系统的模块化、容易集成、容易装卸和连接，以及方便提高设备同步与触发精确度等卓越特性。同时PXI模块化仪器具有丰富的产品，如NI所生产的PXI模块在汽车电子产品测试领域中所适用的有各种模拟和数字信号采集、调理、信号多路复用及矩阵连接控制、各种总线接口、射频及任意信号发生器等等。可为汽车电子厂商提供宽广的选择余地。这种用于汽车电子产品检测的PXI模块化仪器，其中包括了基于Pentium CPU的PXI控制器、由数字万用表和多路复用开关及矩阵开关组成的多路电流、电压测试系统、用于产生汽车收音机电台信号的射频信号发生器、汽车收音机音频分析仪等设备。为了实现自动化测试，汽车电子产品厂商通常利用产品本身具有的总线，如CAN、K-Line等，开放特定的控制指令用于产品状态控制，从而无需人工干预。因此在这些模块化仪器中，通常包含一个总线控制器（如CAN、K-Line、LIN控制器等）。除此以外，通常配置一块具有宽电压输入输出和光隔的DIO卡，用于与自动化生产线之间进行时序同步和夹具控制等。在大多数应用中，可以对上述模块化仪器进行定制，选用其中的一部分仪器，即可实现如汽车收音机（包括VCD/DVD/导航）、仪表板、行车记录仪、HVAC（Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning）等产品在PCB及整机状态下的功能及参数测试。3软件组成汽车电子测试平台中的软件部分由产品驱动程序、测试设备驱动程序、测试项目实现、测试序列（Test Sequence）和用户定制程序（如用户操作界面、测试数据库管理软件）等部分组成。产品驱动程序用于实现被测产品的程序控制，通常由各种总线方式（如CAN、K-Line、串口等）进行控制。以达到无需人工设置产品状态而进行测试的目的。对于特定类型的产品，需要进行控制的参数通常是统一的，与型号无关的。例如对于汽车收音机的音频测试，不论任何型号，所需要控制的参数通常有音量、波段、调谐频率、音效控制等。从而保证在为新型号产品开发测试软件时，无需修改调用它们的函数，只需要重新开发一组符合预先定义的接口类型的收音机控制程序即可。测试设备驱动程序主要指PXI模块化仪器的驱动，用于保证仪器的正常操作和向开发者提供应用程序接口（API）。这一部分无需用户自行开发，PXI模块化仪器的生产厂商会随硬件提供相应的驱动程序，通常还具备界面简单、易操作的硬件管理环境（如NI的MAX），通过这个硬件管理环境，用户无需编程即可实现硬件自检、手动测试、硬件配置等功能。测试项目实现部分是产品驱动程序和测试设备驱动程序的结合。汽车电子产品厂商针对其不同产品，都会有特定的测试规范，而同一类型产品的测试规范通常是相同的。一旦根据厂商的要求开发完成，在构建同类产品测试线时不用或很少更改测试项目的执行程序。测试序列按照厂商所有的测试要求，将测试项目组合起来，就构成了一个测试序列。在此平台中，测试序列的表现形式为.seq文件（TestStand文件）。在这个测试序列中实现了所有的数据采集、分析、记录功能。用户定制程序包括用户操作界面和测试数据库管理软件等。在此测试平台中，用户操作界面和测试数据库管理软件作为一个通用的组件，可以应用于各种产品的测试线上，而无需任何修改。The Test Platform of Automotive shock absorber based on LabVIEWLabVIEW is in itself a function quite complete software development environment. Simultaneously is also one kind of programming language, has language all characteristics, therefore is called it the G language. The G language is one kind is suitable for any programming duty, has the function storehouse general programming language. Is the same with BASIC or the C language, the G language definition data model, the structure type and programming languages and so on module transfer the syntax rules base elements, were not inferior any higher order language in the function integrity and the application flexibility, simultaneously the G language rich spread function storehouse has also provided enormous convenient for the user. These spread function mainly faces the data acquisition, GPIB and the serial instrument control as well as the data analysis, the data demonstration and the data storage. But this point happen to suits this topic. The G language and the tradition high-level programming languages most wide difference lies in the programming way, generally the higher order language uses the text programming, but the G language selects the presente in figures and diagrams programming method. This programming way has the programming simply, direct-viewing, the development efficiency high (to be possible to make efficiency to enhance reaches 5 times high), the debugging convenient characteristic. Therefore this software environment has become the hypothesized instrument development application softwares mainstream. With G language programming process namely for right “hypothesized instrument” the software object carries on presente in figures and diagrams the combination operating process. May carry on the systems control and the result demonstration using LabVIEW through the interactive graph front panel. Assigns each kind of function through the combination commonly used diagram module, the system to be able to carry on the data acquisition to over a thousand kind of equipment, including GPIB, VX, serial port equipment, PLC as well as jack-in type data acquisition card and so on. The system may also through the network, alternately the application communication and ways and other data pools and so on structured query language (SQL) is connected. After completing the data acquisition, may use the LabVIEW function formidable data analysis procedure, transforms the meaningful result the primary data.Simultaneously it has richly controls a storehouse, contains in the project commonly used various instrument panel parts and so on switches, knob, meter, value display and profile monitor. Designs the hypothesized board only to from control in a storehouse selects must controls, and establishes the appropriate attribute take the very simple method as them (e.g. size, color, measuring range and so on) and the position, the contact surface and the real instrument is very similar. Causes the user operation kneading board likely to operate a real instrument, this point is it is in sole possession, is also other programming language is unable to compare. If has the need, these attributes may make the adjustment conveniently through the procedure. On the kneading board all controls to be able in the procedure chart the automatic production correspondence icon. The source program mainly by the kneading board upper controls icon, the function icon and the segment is composed. Usually in the situation, the input parameter connects left side of the icon, but the output parameter draws out from the icon. The design procedure charts essential method is: Function icon which needs from the function storehouse selection, and defers to the data the order which transmits in the procedure and controls them an icon the position unification to arrange, uses the segment tool to connect again the icon.With the semiconductor and software technology and the rapid development of automotive shock absorber in the automotive industry in the proportion is growing. From the car to the comfort of stability and the achievement of security, automotive shock absorber products as a vital role and is playing an increasingly wide range of roles. Automotive shock absorber manufacturers also are facing a huge market challenges-improving product quality and speed up production cycles, reduce production costs, and so on. Even under such conditions, the automotive shock absorber test equipment requirements increasing, so we can see that in automotive shock absorber test, the test equipment used by the need to be tested is a different product and fast and flexible customization, testing can provide rich functionality to facilitate rapid development of local engineers and maintenance of the software and hardware platforms.1. Test platformIn view of the above application needs, based on this paper, a labview technology automotive electronic test platform will be a great convenience to manufacturers for automotive electronics test.The test platform based on the labview Technology Construction, was composed of two parts-software and hardware. Hardware using National Instruments (NI) PXI modular instruments, software using the NI LabVIEW graphical programming language and TestStand test management software development.2. The hardwarePXI is a specifically for data acquisition and industrial automation applications tailor-made modular instrument platforms, with the modular, easy to integrate, easy handling and access, and to facilitate improved synchronization and trigger devices, such as precision of the outstanding characteristics.At the same time PXI modular instruments rich products, such as produced by the NI PXI modules in the automotive electronics test applicable in the area of a variety of analog and digital signal acquisition and conditioning, signal multiplexing and connection control matrix, kind of bus interface, and RF signal generator, etc. arbitrary. Automotive electronics manufacturers can provide a broad choice.This for a group of automotive electronics testing PXI modular instruments, which include a Pentium CPU based on the PXI controller, digital multimeter and Multiplexers switches and switch matrix composed of multi-channel currents , voltage test system for the production of car radios signal RF signal generator, car audio analyzer, and other radio equipment. In order to achieve automated testing, automotive electronics manufacturers often use the product itself with the bus, such as CAN, K-Line, opening up specific instructions for the control of state control products, thus eliminating the need for manual intervention. Therefore, in these modular instruments, which often includes a bus controller (such as CAN, K-Line, LIN controllers, etc.). In addition, the normally configured with a wide voltage input and output light at the DIO card, used for automated production lines between the timing synchronization and control fixture. In most applications, the modular instruments can be customized to choose which part of apparatus, such as car radios can be realized(Including VCD / DVD / navigation), dashboards, traffic logger, HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) products in the PCB and the complete machine state functions and parameters tested.3. The software componentAutomotive electronics test platform software products from some drivers, driver testing equipment, testing the program, the test sequence (Test Sequence), and customized procedures (such as user interface, database management test software), and other components.Drives procedure-tested products to achieve controlled, usually by bus various ways (such as CAN, K-Line, serial, etc.) control. to achieve without artificial settings and the state of products for testing purposes. For certain types of products, and the need for control of the parameters is usually unified, and has nothing to do with the models. For example, the car radio audio test, regardless of any type, the need to control the parameters usually have volume, band, tuning frequency, sound control. Thus ensuring that the new models for the development and testing of software, without modifying the function call them, need only to the development of a group of pre-defined interface types of radio control procedures.Driver test equipment-mainly refers to the drive PXI modular instruments, apparatus used to guarantee the normal operation and to provide developers with application program interface (API). This part of users without their own development, PXI modular instruments hardware manufacturers will be provided with the corresponding driver, usually with a simple interface, easy-to-operate hardware management of the environment (such as the NI MAX), the management of the environment through the hardware, users programming can be realized without the hardware self-test, manual testing, hardware configuration and so on.Implementation of the test items-is the product-driven procedures and test equipment driver combination. Automotive electronics manufacturers for its different products will have specific test standards, and the same type of product test specifications is usually the same. Once in accordance with the requirements of the development of manufacturers completed construction of similar products in the test line with little or no changes testing procedures for the implementation of the project.Test sequences-in accordance with the manufacturers of all testing requirements, test portfolio, constitutes a test sequence. In this platform, the performance of test sequences form. Seq document (TestStand). In this test sequence to achieve all of the data collection, analysis, recording function.Customized procedures-including user interface and testing database management software. In this test platform, user interface and testing database management software as a generic components can be used in a variety of products online testing, without any changes.