WritingEffectiveSentencesPart1.ppt

Writing Effective SentencesFive Qualities of Good Sentence WritingAim:become familiar with and practice the qualities of good sentence writing.Reference:A Basic Course in Writing,Chapter 3,p 60-74Writing Effective Sentences5 elementsFive elements of good sentences:UnityCoherenceConcisenessEmphasisVarietyWriting Effective SentencesUnity introUnity:Only one main idea in a sentence;andThe idea is complete.UnityUnity and essaysGood essays are composed of good paragraphs.Good paragraphs are composed of good sentences.If your sentences are complete and have unity,your paragraphs will be good.If your paragraphs are good,your essay will be good.UnityUnity 1st exampleBorn in Sichuan province,he later became a great writer.These ideas are not related.Instead we might say:Born into a family of great writers,he too became a great writer.With his vast experience and training,he became a great writer.UnityUnity 2nd exampleDream of the Red Mansions is the best known novel.The sentence is not complete,“best known novel”needs to be modified.Dream of the Red Mansions is the best known Chinese novel.Dream of the Red Mansions is the best known novel in Chinese literature.UnityUnity sentences/parasIn an essay your sentences should express only one idea.In a paragraph every sentence should be on the same idea,or topic.If you introduce a new idea in an essay,then begin a new paragraph.One sentence one idea.One paragraph one idea.Unity Coherence introCoherence logical arrangement of all parts of a sentence.Word order.Coherent sentences meaning is clear,easy to understand.p62CoherenceSep.modifiers from nounsPut modifiers close to the words they modify.Shenzhen is across the border from Hong Kong,a special economic zone.Shenzhen,a special economic zone,is across the border from Hong Kong.CoherenceCoh.pron.Unclear refDont use pronouns with unclear reference.Mary called Beth every day when she was in hospital.Instead:When Mary was in hospital Beth called her every day.”CoherenceQuestionsExplain what“unity”means?Each sentence has only one idea.The idea is complete.Why is it important to write coherent sentences?Make sure your sentences can be understood.QuestionsUnity and coherence taskp64,Task 14Rewrite sentences 1,2,3,4,7,10,and 19 in your notebook.Unity and CoherenceTask-key1.Shakespeare was one of the greatest dramatists in history.2.He said he would take the exam but he was not certain he would pass it.3.He read the magazine,which contained a lot of info about computer science,in the reading room.Task 14Task-key4.It started to snow heavily at 8 oclock.7.Many people in that region believe you should eat garlic to prevent disease.10.One student in class said that such a discussion was not helpful.19.The landslide destroyed several houses and killed five people.Task 14Conciseness introWhat we take out of our writing can be just as important as what we put in.Conciseness:Use most effective words;andUse as few words as possible.ConcisenesspleonasmsDont use redundant words or phrases(pleonasms):3am in the morning 3am.A person who is honest an honest person.Cooperate together cooperate.A true fact a fact.Each and every each.Repeat again repeat.ConcisenessRepeating words/phrases ExDont use different words/phrases with the same meaning in one sentence.During the second term in the last part of the school year we had many exams.(16)During the second term we had many exams.(8)ConcisenessRepeating words/phrases ExMany uneducated people who have never attended school have a poor understanding of the world around them and what happens in different countries.(23)Uneducated people have a poor understanding of the world around them.(11)ConcisenessproofreadProofread your work carefully to ensure it is concise.ConcisenessPractice Exp71 Task 16Rewrite sentences 1,2,and 3.Reduce number of words without changing the meaning.Conciseness Practice Ex.Task 16 Key1.In early December it snowed heavily in this area for three days.(12 words)2.Seniors at university go to the library regularly to look for material useful in writing their graduation papers.(18 words)3.There was an early morning fog that covered everything and people had to drive carefully.(15 words)Task 16END