口译笔记符号大汇总.doc

口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写原词速记符号原词速记符号KoreaKSwedenSDSwitzerlandSW东西南北中等方位 “|”the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜)ROK“K”the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea（北朝鲜）DPRK“_K”Eastern Germany (东德)“G|”Western Europe（西欧）“|EU” 二. 货币简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/poundUS dollar$Renminbi/RMB￥Australian dollars#AAustrian schillingsSchCanadian dollarsCan$EurodollarNew Zealand dollarsNZ$Japanese yen円三时间简写原词速记符号原词速记符号hourhrminutesecondmorningmafternoonaevening/night/tonightntodaydyesterday.dthe day before yesterday”dtomorrow dthe day after tomorrow d day by day/everydayddlast nightnnext morningmthis weekwthe week before last”wMonday1wTuesday2wWednesday3wThursday4wFriday5wSaturday6wSunday7wthis monthmJanuary1mFebruary2mMarch3mApril4mMay5mJune6mJuly7mAugust8mSeptember9mOctober10mNovember11mDecember12dmtwo month ago.2mthis yearytwo year latery2.1949年前/491949年后49/1949年底4920年以后20y|centuryC since/ever sinceuo to now/ until四度量衡原词速记符号原词速记符号meter minch in.centimeter cmfoot ftminimeter mmknot ktmile miacre Anautical mile nm五. 缩略词 原词速记符号原词速记符号ApartmentAPTAccountantACCAccordingACDGAcceptACPTAdvertisementADAddressADSaircraft ACat leastALAdviceADVApproveAPVas soon as possibleASAPAs much/many as possibleAMAPareRAmountAMTBuildingBLDGBalanceBALCancelCNCLConferenceCNFcarbon copycccare ofc/oConformCFMCommissionCMICompleteCMPConcern/concerning/concernedCONCConditionCONDCommunicationCMUCompete/competitiveCMPECertificateCERTCompanyCO.DepartureDPTDiscountDISCDepartmentDEPTExtentEXTExchangeEXCHExplainEXPLNExtra largeXLFinalFNTFlightFLTFor your referenceFYRFreightFRTGuaranteeGUARGoodGDHome officeH.O.InterestedINTSTInformationINFOimportantIMPI owe youIOUIn stead ofI/OIn view ofIVOIncludeIINCDinsuranceINSImpossibleIMPSIndividualINDIVMinimumMINMarketMKTManufactureMANUFMessageMSGmanagerMGRModelMDLMemorandumMEMONo later thanNLTNecessaryNCRYOrdinaryORDObserveOBSObtainOBTProductPRODPatentPATPackingPKGPleasePLSPeoplePLPiecePCPositionPOSNPossiblePOSS(BL)QuantityQUTYQualityQLTYroomRMRegularREGLRepresentativeREPReservationRESNRepeatRPTResponsibleRESPONreceiveRCVReferenceREFSituationSITNStandardSTDSectionSECThoughTHOTGMTelegraphThanksTKSTelephoneTELTradeTRDthroughTHRUTemporaryTEMPTrafficTRFTotalTTLYouUYourURWillWLWeekWKWeightWT17六较长单词的处理办法词尾缩写原词速记符号-ismmsocialismSm-tionnstandardization (标准化)stdn-cianotechniciantecho-inggmarketing (市场营销)MKTg-eddacceptedacptd-able/ible/bleblavailableavbl-mentmtamendmentamdmt-izezrecognizeregz-fulflmeaningfulmnfl  七字母、图像、符号原词速记符号原词速记符号people/person人右上角Janpanese日本人JPGovernment/governC 政府Governmental officialCZ Politics/political P 政治politicianPZ Efficient/effectiveG 效率inflationQ 通货膨胀victory,/win/successV 胜利Leader/headT 领导人agriculture/agricultureA 农业businessB 商业conflict/confrontationC&nbsp;冲突/矛盾work/employW 工作/职业industry/industriali 工业treaty/agreementU 合同/协议bilateral（双边的）U内填入2trilateral (三边的)U内填入3Unilateralism（单边主义）U内填入1Multiple(多边主义)U内填入m谈判破裂U上加一个“/”country/state/nation 国家/民族/领土Import进口gOoutport出口Ogchair/ host/preside overZ主持/主办Chairman/hostZ主席、主持人contact, exchanges: 联系fishery 捕鱼业head of government/ companyCTinternational/worldwide/global/universal 国际的/世界的/全球的as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard ofEO 听到/众所周之meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium 会议/开会pleasant/joyful/happy/excitedJ 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象unsatisfied/discomfort/angry/sad L 生气/难过/悲伤/忧虑/不满indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/dont care muchO 漠不关心/无动于衷total/totally/entire/entirely/on the whole/all in all/to sum up 总值/总数go into/arrive at/give to/send to/present tog 到达/传达lead to/result in/in the direction of 导致/引导come/go back to/originate追溯到be/come from/return/receive fromf 自于launch/open/start 发射/投放市场/发行develop/strengthen/promote/ boost,/improve/enhance 发展/加强/推进up/upward/rise/increase/arise/ascendh 上升ups and downs/twists and turns/roller coaster<< 3="" submit="" to="" mutual="" a="" match="" rival="" against="" lots="" great="" deal="" good="" many="" plus="" more="" most="" in="" short="" be="" shortage="" minus="" or=&quot;" approximately="" better="" than=""> 大于/多于/好于/优于less/smaller< 小于/少于/差于/劣于superior to/surpass 高inferior to 低among/within( ) 在.之间but yet however 转折cross out/eliminate/ 否定/消除question/issue? 问题/疑惑/难题wonder/miracle/pay attesion to ！惊叹/特别注意matchless/peerless无敌say/speak/talk/marks/ announce/declare: 说/认为/希望end/stop/halt/bring sth to a standstill/stop 结束right/good/famous/well-known 对/正确/好的wrong/incorrect/something bad/notorious/negative 错误/失误/坏stand up for/support/ agree with sb/certain/ affirmativeY同意not agree/disagreeN不同意thought*想法/重要的/优秀的important/best/outstanding/ brilliant 重要的very/extremely_ 强调程度under the circumstance 在的条件/情况下means/that is to say/in other words/the same as/be equal   to=即/等于/相当于/同等be different from 不同/不等于/不相当/不是and/together with/along with/accompany/along with/further more&amp;和/与belong to 属于basis of/ perpendicular/ is perpendicular to 的基础therefore/so/as a result/ consequently 所以/结果because/because of/due to 因为/由于/多亏hear/listen3 听说about 关于parallel/waterH2Ofor4to2withoutw/owithw/plus or minustimesxso on, etc, and so forth divided bycircle, circumferencedegreeellipse0percent%diameterper thousandtriangle, delta between|.|inside/ within/include/ among,( )maintaining peace and stability: EmptyOas always/hold on,/persist/ insist on 一直/总是/一贯pressure/influence(竖线为向下箭头)On the other hand/or/ 或者right angleRepresentative/delegation/ delegationocean/sea/river/lake/brook/ stream 江河湖海水hills/mountain山climb the mountain上加一点山水之间before/beyond/in front of|above/on/over上加一点below/beneath/under下加一点table/desk/house/building/bed桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上上加一短横在桌子下下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/  investigate/witness资本主义资四个现代化4mpeace-keeping维p第三世界3wNote-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math - these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form. a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro = introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word. ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimate bkgd = background gvt = government Use an apostrophe in place of letters. am't = amount cont'd = continued gov't = government educat'l = educationalForm. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s. chpts = chapters egs = examples fs = frequencies intros = introductions Use g to represent ing endings. ckg = checking estg = establishing decrg = decreasing exptg = experimenting Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key. Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand. Leave out unimportant words. Leave out the words a and the. If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter. use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words. & = and w/ = with w/o = without vs = against = therefore = = is or equal Use technical symbols where applicable. zb = German, for example ibid = Latin, the same work o = degrees H2O = water More reference: Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples: + plus / parallel Use standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples: eg example IT dept Information Technology department UK United Kingdom Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples: mar marketing cus customer cli client Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples: subj subject budg budgetind individual To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples: tech'gy technology gen'ion generalisation del'y delivery Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form. a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associated ach achievement info information Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd background mvmt movement prblm problem Form. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customersfs frequencies /s ratios Use 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples: decrg decreasing ckg checking estblg establishing Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples: in but as key Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples: is was were Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples: a an the If a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example: January Advertising Campaign Budget JACB Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples: at2 to4 for& and w/ with w/o without vs against Create your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects. Other Symbols and Abbreviations as a result of / consequences of <-> resulting in -> and / also + equal to / same as = following ff most importantly * less than < greater than > especially esp/ 一、 缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如 IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible 。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式： F 拿掉所有元音 MKT: marketMGR: manager MSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive F 保留前几个字母 INFO informationINS insurance EXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF 保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK weekRM roomPL peopleF 根据发音 R areTHO thoughTHRU through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词 原词 APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possibleAMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concernedCOND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your referenceGD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO InformationIMPS ImpossibleIMP(T) ImportantINCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view ofMANUF ManufactureMDL ModelMEMO MemorandumMGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY NecessaryNLT No later thanOBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN PositionPOSS(BL) PossiblePROD ProductQLTY QualityQUTY QuantityRCV ReceiveREF ReferenceREGL RegularREP RepresentativeRESN ReservationRPT RepeatRESPON ResponsibleSEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL TelephoneTEMP TemporaryTGM TelegraphTHO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large  二、 字母、图像 Z 表示 " 人 "people/person ，因为 "Z" 看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如：日本人： JZ 。 C 表示政府，统治： government ， govern 希腊字母 C 读 /ga:ma/, 近似 government, 所以就用 C 来表示 govern, government 。 governmental official 可以表示为 CZP 表示政治： politics, political 希腊字母 P 读 /pai/, 近似 politics, political 。那么 politician 就可以表示为 PZE 表示总数： total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。 G 表示效率： efficient, effective 。 G 为效率符号。 Q 表示 " 通货膨胀 " ： inflation 因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。 A 表示农业 : agriculture. agriculture 经常用到，所以用首字母代替。 B 表示商业： business 。 C 表示冲突，矛盾： conflict ， confrontation "C" 中的 "" 表示反对，字母 "C" 将反对的概念缩小为 conflict 和 confrontation 。 W 表示工作，职业 : work, employ 等。它是 work 的第一个字母。所以 WZ 就可以用来表示 worker, 而 W(Z 在字母上方表示 employer, 在字母下方表示 employee) 。 i 表示工业 : industry, industrial 字母 i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。 U U 看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（ treaty, agreement ）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示 " 举杯祝贺 " 。如果在 U 内填入 2 ，就可以表示为 bilateral （双边的） , 填入 3 表示为 trilateral( 三边的 ) 。填入在 U 中填入 1 表示 : Unilateralism （单边主义），填入 m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在 U 上加一个 "/" 表示谈判破裂。 O 表示 " 国家 " 、 " 民族 &quot; 、 " 领土 " 等： country, state, nation, etc.gO 表示进口， Og 表示出口 这个符号酷似一把椅子，可以表示主持、主办： chair, host, preside over 。那么在此符号上加 Z 表示主席，主持人： chairman, host, etc. T 表示 " 领导人 " ： leader, head 那么 head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT 圆圈表示一个圆桌，中间一点表示一盆花，这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等： meeting ， conference ， negotiation ， seminar ， discussion ， symposiumk 这个符号看上像条鱼，所以表示 " 捕鱼业 " 等合 fishery 有关的词汇。 O 圆圈代!-