口译笔记符号大汇总.doc_咨信网zixin.com.cn

资源描述

<p>口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写原词速记符号原词速记符号 Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW 东西南北中等方位 “|－” the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜) ROK “K” the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea（北朝鲜） DPRK “_K” Eastern Germany (东德) “G|” Western Europe（西欧） “|EU”  二. 货币简写原词速记符号原词速记符号 Sterling/pound ￡ US dollar $ Renminbi/RMB ￥ Australian dollars #A Austrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar € New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen 円三．时间简写原词速记符号原词速记符号 hour hr minute ’ second ’’ morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight n today d yesterday .d the day before yesterday ”d tomorrow d’ the day after tomorrow d’ ’ day by day/everyday dd last night ’n next morning m’ this week w the week before last ”w Monday 1w Tuesday 2w Wednesday 3w Thursday 4w Friday 5w Saturday 6w Sunday 7w this month m January 1m February 2m March 3m April 4m May 5m June 6m July 7m August 8m September 9m October 10m November 11m December 12dm two month ago .2m this year y two year later y2. 1949年前 /49 1949年后 49/ 1949年底 49 20年以后 20y| century C since/ever since ┠ uo to now/ until ┫ 四．度量衡原词速记符号原词速记符号 meter m inch in. centimeter cm foot ft minimeter mm knot kt mile mi acre A nautical mile nm 五. 缩略词  原词速记符号原词速记符号 Apartment APT Accountant ACC According ACDG Accept ACPT Advertisement AD Address ADS aircraft AC at least AL Advice ADV Approve APV as soon as possible ASAP As much/many as possible AMAP are R Amount AMT Building BLDG Balance BAL Cancel CNCL Conference CNF carbon copy cc care of c/o Conform CFM Commission CMI Complete CMP Concern/concerning/concerned CONC Condition COND Communication CMU Compete/competitive CMPE Certificate CERT Company CO. Departure DPT Discount DISC Department DEPT Extent EXT Exchange EXCH Explain EXPLN Extra large XL Final FNT Flight FLT For your reference FYR Freight FRT Guarantee GUAR Good GD Home office H.O. Interested INTST Information INFO important IMP I owe you IOU In stead of I/O In view of IVO Include IINCD insurance INS Impossible IMPS Individual INDIV Minimum MIN Market MKT Manufacture MANUF Message MSG manager MGR Model MDL Memorandum MEMO No later than NLT Necessary NCRY Ordinary ORD Observe OBS Obtain OBT Product PROD Patent PAT Packing PKG Please PLS People PL Piece PC Position POSN Possible POSS(BL) Quantity QUTY Quality QLTY room RM Regular REGL Representative REP Reservation RESN Repeat RPT Responsible RESPON receive RCV Reference REF Situation SITN Standard STD Section SEC Though THO TGM Telegraph Thanks TKS Telephone TEL Trade TRD through THRU Temporary TEMP Traffic TRF Total TTL You U Your UR Will WL Week WK Weight WT 17 六．较长单词的处理办法词尾缩写原词速记符号 -ism m socialism Sm -tion n standardization (标准化) stdn -cian o technician techo -ing g marketing (市场营销) MKTg -ed d accepted acptd -able/ible/ble bl available avbl -ment mt amendment amdmt -ize z recognize regz -ful fl meaningful mnfl  七．字母、图像、符号原词速记符号原词速记符号 people/person人ｏ右上角 Janpanese日本人 JPｏ Government/govern C 政府 Governmental official CZ Politics/political P 政治 politician PZ Efficient/effective G 效率 inflation Q 通货膨胀 victory,/win/success V 胜利 Leader/head T 领导人 agriculture/agriculture A 农业 business B 商业 conflict/confrontation C× 冲突/矛盾 work/employ W 工作/职业 industry/industrial i 工业 treaty/agreement U 合同/协议 bilateral（双边的） U内填入2 trilateral (三边的) U内填入3 Unilateralism（单边主义） U内填入1 Multiple(多边主义) U内填入m 谈判破裂 U上加一个“/” country/state/nation □ 国家/民族/领土 Import进口 gO outport出口 Og chair/ host/preside over Z主持/主办 Chairman/host Z°主席、主持人 contact, exchanges: ∞ 联系 fishery ∞ 捕鱼业 head of government/ company CT international/worldwide/ global/universal ○ 国际的/世界的/全球的 as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of EO 听到/众所周之 meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium ⊙ 会议/开会 pleasant/joyful/happy/excited J 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象 unsatisfied/discomfort/ angry/sad L 生气/难过/悲伤/忧虑/不满 indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/don’t care much O 漠不关心/无动于衷 total/totally/entire/entirely/on the whole/all in all/to sum up ∑ 总值/总数 go into/arrive at/give to/send to/present to g→ 到达/传达 lead to/result in/in the direction of → 导致/引导 come/go back to/originate ←追溯到 be/come from/return/receive from f← 自于 launch/open/start ↗ 发射/投放市场/发行 develop/strengthen/promote/ boost,/improve/enhance ↑ 发展/加强/推进 up/upward/rise/increase/ arise/ascend h↑ 上升 ups and downs/twists and turns/roller coaster << 3="" submit="" to="" mutual="" a="" match="" rival="" against="" lots="" great="" deal="" good="" many="" plus="" more="" most="" in="" short="" be="" shortage="" minus="" or="" approximately="" better="" than=""> 大于/多于/好于/优于 less/smaller < 小于/少于/差于/劣于 superior to/surpass ∧ 高 inferior to ∨ 低 among/within ( ) 在...之间 but yet however ∧ 转折 cross out/eliminate / 否定/消除 question/issue ? 问题/疑惑/难题 wonder/miracle/pay attesion to ！惊叹/特别注意 matchless/peerless 无敌 say/speak/talk/marks/ announce/declare : 说/认为/希望 end/stop/halt/bring sth to a standstill/stop ∥ 结束 right/good/famous/well-known √ 对/正确/好的 wrong/incorrect/something bad/notorious/negative × 错误/失误/坏 stand up for/support/ agree with sb/certain/ affirmative Y同意 not agree/disagree N不同意 thought *想法/重要的/优秀的 important/best/outstanding/ brilliant ☆ 重要的 very/extremely __ 强调程度 under the circumstance ￣在…的条件/情况下 means/that is to say/in other words/the same as/be equal   to =即/等于/相当于/同等 be different from ≠ 不同/不等于/不相当/不是 and/together with/along with/accompany/along with/further more &和/与 belong to ∈ 属于 basis of/ perpendicular/ is perpendicular to ⊥ …的基础 therefore/so/as a result/ consequently ∴ 所以/结果 because/because of/due to ∵ 因为/由于/多亏 hear/listen ○3 听说 about ＠关于 parallel // water H2O for 4 to 2 without w/o with w/ plus or minus ± times x so on, etc, and so forth ··· divided by ÷ circle, circumference ○ degree ℃ ellipse 0 percent % diameter θ per thousand ‰ triangle, delta △ between |.| inside/ within/include/ among, ( ) maintaining peace and stability: ◎ Empty O as always/hold on,/persist/ insist on ≡ 一直/总是/一贯 pressure/influence ⊥(竖线为向下箭头) On the other hand/or / 或者 right angle ∟ Representative/delegation/ delegation △ ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/ stream ∽ 江河湖海水 hills/mountain ω山 climb the mountain ω上加一点· 山水之间 ω∕∽ before/beyond/in front of ·| above/on/over ～上加一点· below/beneath/under ～下加一点· table/desk/house/building/bed ︹桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横 look/ look after/ look into/  investigate/witness ⊙ 资本主义资’ 四个现代化 4m peace-keeping 维p 第三世界 3w Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form. a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro = introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word. ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimate bkgd = background gvt = government Use an apostrophe in place of letters. am't = amount cont'd = continued gov't = government educat'l = educational Form. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s. chpts = chapters egs = examples fs = frequencies intros = introductions Use g to represent ing endings. ckg = checking estg = establishing decrg = decreasing exptg = experimenting Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key. Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand. Leave out unimportant words. Leave out the words a and the. If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter. use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words. & = and w/ = with w/o = without vs = against \ = therefore = = is or equal Use technical symbols where applicable. zb = German, for example ibid = Latin, the same work o = degrees H2O = water More reference: Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples: + plus // parallel Use standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples: eg example IT dept Information Technology department UK United Kingdom Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples: mar marketing cus customer cli client Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples: subj subject budg budget ind individual To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples: tech'gy technology gen'ion generalisation del'y delivery Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form. a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associated ach achievement info information Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd background mvmt movement prblm problem Form. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customers fs frequencies /s ratios Use 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples: decrg decreasing ckg checking estblg establishing Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples: in but as key Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples: is was were Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples: a an the If a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example: January Advertising Campaign Budget JACB Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples: @ at 2 to 4 for & and w/ with w/o without vs against Create your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects. Other Symbols and Abbreviations as a result of / consequences of <---> resulting in ---> and / also + equal to / same as = following ff most importantly * less than < greater than > especially esp/ 一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如 IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible 。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。缩略词的写法一般为四种方式： F 拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive F 保留前几个字母 INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O F 保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM room PL people F 根据发音 R are THO though THRU through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词 APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT Accept AD Advertisement ADS Address ADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV Approve ASAP As soon as possible BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT Certificate CFM Conform CNCL Cancel CNF Conference CMI Commission CMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitive CMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. Company DEPT Department DISC Discount DPT Departure EXCH Exchange EXPLN Explain EXT Extent FLT Flight FNT Final FRT Freight FYR For your reference GD Good GUAR Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested I/O In stead of IOU I owe you IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MGR Manger MIN Minimum MKT Market MSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS Observe OBT Obtain ORD Ordinary PAT Patent PC Piece PKG Packing PL People PLS Please POSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality QUTY Quantity RCV Receive REF Reference REGL Regular REP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC Section SITN Situation STD Standard TEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO Though TKS Thanks TRD Trade TRF Traffic TTL Total U You UR Your WK Week WL Will WT Weight XL Extra large   二、字母、图像 Z 表示 " 人 "people/person ，因为 "Z" 看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如：日本人： JZ 。 C 表示政府，统治： government ， govern 希腊字母 C 读 /ga:ma/, 近似 government, 所以就用 C 来表示 govern, government 。 governmental official 可以表示为 CZ P 表示政治： politics, political 希腊字母 P 读 /pai/, 近似 politics, political 。那么 politician 就可以表示为 PZ E 表示总数： total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。 G 表示效率： efficient, effective 。 G 为效率符号。 Q 表示 " 通货膨胀 " ： inflation 因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。 A 表示农业 : agriculture. agriculture 经常用到，所以用首字母代替。 B 表示商业： business 。 C× 表示冲突，矛盾： conflict ， confrontation "C×" 中的 "×" 表示反对，字母 "C" 将反对的概念缩小为 conflict 和 confrontation 。 W 表示工作，职业 : work, employ 等。它是 work 的第一个字母。所以 WZ 就可以用来表示 worker, 而 W(Z 在字母上方表示 employer, 在字母下方表示 employee) 。 i 表示工业 : industry, industrial 字母 i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。 U U 看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（ treaty, agreement ）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示 " 举杯祝贺 " 。如果在 U 内填入 2×××× ，就可以表示为 bilateral （双边的） , 填入 3 表示为 trilateral( 三边的 ) 。填入在 U 中填入 1 表示 : Unilateralism （单边主义），填入 m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在 U 上加一个 "/"×××× 表示谈判破裂。 O 表示 " 国家 " 、 " 民族 " 、 " 领土 " 等： country, state, nation, etc.gO 表示进口， Og 表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子，可以表示主持、主办： chair, host, preside over 。那么在此符号上加 Z 表示主席，主持人： chairman, host, etc. T 表示 " 领导人 " ： leader, head 那么 head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT ⊙ 圆圈表示一个圆桌，中间一点表示一盆花，这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等： meeting ， conference ， negotiation ， seminar ， discussion ， symposium k 这个符号看上像条鱼，所以表示 " 捕鱼业 " 等合 fishery 有关的词汇。 O 圆圈代</p>

展开阅读全文