句子成分的练习题.doc

练习一一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语选择填空：( )1. _ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the man B. The man here nowC. The man who is here now D. The man is here now( ) 2. The weather _.A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted _.A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet( ) 4. He got up _ yesterday morning.A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter( )5. The actor _at the age of 70.A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded( )6. _ were all very tired, but none of _ would stop to take a rest.A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we( )7. He found the street much _.A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly( ) 8.I think _necessary to learn English well.A. its B. it C. that D. that is( ) 9. The dog _ mad.A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked( )10.I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.A. that B. when C. in which D. where).指出下列句中主语的中心词Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom. Thereisanoldmancominghere. Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear. Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisverydifficult. (二).选出句中谓语的中心词Idontlikethepictureonthewall. A.dontB.likeC.pictureD.wall Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes. A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus? A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon. A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast? A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast Tomdidntdohishomeworkyesterday. A.TomB.didntC.doD.hishomework WhatIwanttotellyouisthis. A.wantB.totellC.youD.is Wehadbettersendforadoctor. A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor Heisinterestedinmusic. A.isB.interestedC.inD.music Whomdidyougivemybookto? A.giveB.didC.whomD.book (三)挑出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework. ABCD PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish. ABCD Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation. ABCD Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass? ABCD Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou? ABCD Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill. ABCD Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass. ABCD Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft. ABCD Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool. ABCD TheydidntknowwhoFatherChristmasreallyis. ABCD (四)挑出下列句中的表语(5分，5分钟) Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired. ABCD WhyisheworriedaboutJim? ABCD Theleaveshaveturnedyellow. ABCD SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject. ABCD Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit. ABCD (五)挑出下列句中的定语TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname. ABCD Whatisyourgivenname? ABCD OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3. ABCD Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor. ABCD Themandownstairswastryingtosleep. ABCD Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe! ABCD (六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room. ABCD Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool. ABCD Shefounditdifficulttodothework. ABCD TheycallmeLilysometimes. ABCD IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus. ABCD DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow? ABCD (七)挑出下列句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface. ABCD Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs. ABCD HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven. ABCD Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtofast. ABCD Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff. ABCD Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks. ABCD Iamafraidthatifyouvelostit,youmustpayforit. ABCD ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine. ABCD (八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语Pleasetellusastory. Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek. Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm. Hereisapen.GiveittoTom. Didheleaveanymessageforme? 答案 (一)teachermandictionaryTodo (二)BACACCDCAA (三)DDBABDCDAD (四)DBDCB (五)CCABBD (六)CCCCDB (七)DADDADCD (八)us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语 me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语us,间接宾语history,直接宾语 Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语me,间接宾语message,直接宾语 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。例如：She said, I am very happy to help you.She said that she was very happy to help you.2. 直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if 引导。例如：He asked me, Do you like playing football?He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 可以互换，但后有or not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如：She asked me whether he could do it or not.He hesitated about whether to drive or take the train.3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如：My sister asked me, How do you like the film?My sister asked me how I liked the film.4. 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。例如：The captain ordered, Be quiet.The captain ordered us to be quiet.注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。My teacher asked me, Dont laugh.My teacher asked me not to laugh.5. 一些注意事项(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：They told their son,The earth goes round the sun.They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.(2)直接引语变间接引语时， 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。如：this/that these/those, nowthen, todaythat day, yesterdaythe day before, last yearthe year before, agobefore, herethere等。例如：He said, I havent seen her today.He said that he hadnt seen her that day.注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如： He asked Lucy, Where did you go?He asked Lucy where she went.Tom said, What do you want, Ann?Tom asked Ann what she wanted