Unit1-people-around-us.doc

(word完整版)Unit1 people around usUnit1 people around us一 短语 talk about /talk with/talk to ( 回顾talk 与say/speak/tell的区别)be strict with /be strict about forget to do/forget doingbook after （look up/look in/look down on）as well take care of tell jokes make full of give upbe good at /do well inmake sb。 do sth. (温习使役动词用法make/let/have/help)would like to do sth./would like sth.stop to do sh。/stop doing sth,wear /put on/dress/in二 句型1.Whats wrong with？Whats up? 2。How much is ?3。prefer A to B 4。What kind /sort ofdo you like ?5。decide to do sth。6.remind sb +that clause7。what do you think of？8.be able to do sth. (can）9。It is adj of sb to do sth./ it is adj。 for sb. to do sth。11。so +be/情态动词、助动词+主语 表示“主语也。12.adj+enough to do sth 13。spend +金钱/时间等+in doing sth. Spend +金钱/时间等+on sth。 (take/ pay for/ cost)三 课文重点知识详解:重点单词：1。 cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的； cheer n。欢呼 v。欢呼，使高兴，加油Do you know why he is always so cheerful?你知道他为什么总是如此快乐吗？2. hard-working adj.工作努力的,勤勉的 反义词：lazy adj。懒惰的I think Simon is a hard-working student.我觉得西蒙是一个勤奋的学生。3. patient adj。耐心的 反义词:impatient adj.没耐心的 ； patient n。病人Dont worry！ Be patient, please。 不要担心，请耐心点。4。 smart adj.聪明的,机敏的,时髦的 近义词：clever adj.机智的 反义词：foolish adj。愚蠢的You are so smart. You can finish that difficult Maths problem in only five minutes。你真聪明,可以在5分钟之内就解出那道数学难题.5。 probably =maybe adv.很可能Youre probably right.你很可能是对的。6. forgetforgotforgotten v.忘记 反义词:remember v。记住，记得 （1)forget 后接人或事、物，表示忘记某人、某事、某物He forgot the name of his teacher.他忘记了他老师的名字。 （2）forget后接to do sth。 表示忘记做某事。Dont forget to reply to Jane in the morning.上午别忘了给简回复。 （3）forget后接doing sth. 表示忘记做过某事。He forgot buying that scarf in Paris。他忘记在巴黎买过这条围巾.7。 smell n。 气味 v。 闻,嗅（1)作行为动词,后面直接跟宾语。Smell the perfume。 Do you like it？闻闻这香水的味道。你喜欢吗?（2）做系动词，后接形容词修饰主语。The meat smells nice, but tastes terrible。这肉闻起来不错，但味道很糟糕。8。 care n.照顾，照料 v.关心,关注，在乎Baby dogs and cats need a lot of care。小狗和小猫需要很多照顾。The only thing he cares about is money.他只在乎钱.9。 miss v.想念，怀念 ,错过，错失He missed the ball.他没有接到球。10。 joke n.玩笑 v。说笑话,开玩笑I didnt get the joke。 我不明白这个笑话有什么好笑的。11。 laugh v。笑；laughter n.笑声Why are you laughing so happily？为什么你笑得这么开心？12. remain v。仍然是，保持不变。remain常用作系动词，后接名词或形容词做表语.We will remain friends forever.我们将永远做朋友。13. strict adj.严格的,严厉的Shes very strict about things like homework。她对作业之类的事要求非常严格。14. encourage v。鼓励。encourage sb。 to do sth.Our PE teacher often encourages us to do more sport.我们的体育老师经常鼓励我们多做运动。15。 support n.支持 v.支持Everybody else said I was wrong but Paul supported me。大家都说我错了，只有保罗支持我。16. successful adj。获得成功的 success n.成功 succeed v. Who do you think is the most successful person in the world?你认为世界上最成功的人是谁?重点句子：1、She takes time to help her child。她花时间帮助她的孩子.1)take time意为“花时间”，后接动词不定式.take time to do sthTake time to check your answers before you hand in your test paper, please.交卷之前请花点时间检查你的答案。四花费（spend， pay， cost, take）的用法： 人+spend （spent) +时间/金钱+ on sth。/ (in） doing sth.人+pay（paid) +钱+for+物 物+cost (cost) +sb。 +金钱It takes （took) sb。 some time to do sth.I spent 200 yuan on the bag.= I paid 200 yuan for the bag.= I bought the bag for 200 yuan2）help sb。 (to) do sth。帮助某人做某事= help sb。 with sth。在某方面帮助某人Li Ping helps me learn English. = Li Ping helps me with my English。help oneself (to） 请自便；请随便吃 with the help of= with ones help在某人的帮助下cant/ couldnt help doing sth。 忍不住，禁不住2. my grandma was a short woman with hair。with 介词 “带有” 表伴随状态、特征.后面跟名词、动名词（动词-ing) 反义词：without“没有 ”3. She was always cheerful.形容词的用法：形容词修饰名词，放在名词的前面; 修饰be动词、系动词(get, become, appear等）构成系表结构 放在be动词的后面;修饰感官动词（look,smell,taste， sound， feel）放在感官动词的后面 a good cook look beautiful 4、I will never forget the taste, and the smell as well。 我将永远不会忘记那种味道和气味.1)as well意为“除之外，也,还”.,和too的意思相近。He knows English, and he knows French as well。他懂英语,还懂法语.2) 辨析:as welltoo，also, eitheras welltoo常用于口语，多置于肯定句句末。Eg：I can swim tooas well.also， 置于动词之前，助动词、be动词之后,常用于句中。Eg：He also wants to go.either,常用于否定句句尾.Eg：He doesnt want to go either.他也不想去.5、Grandma took care of my family.1) take care of= look after= care for（此外，care for还有喜欢的意思) 照顾、爱护Nurses take care of patients in hospital。= Nurses look after patients in hospital。护士在医院照顾病人。2）care about 意为“关心，介意” care for 意为“喜欢，为操心”Einstein who cared little for money never cared about his salary。爱恩斯坦对金钱不感兴趣，他从不在乎薪水多少。6、She often tells jokes to make me laugh， but she never makes fun of others。她常常讲笑话，让我哈哈大笑,但她从不取笑人。1）tell jokes意为“讲笑话”tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人做(不要做)某事Dont tell jokes in class.上课时不要讲笑话。2）make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。make后直接跟动词的原形(let/have也是此用法）。make sth + adj。 “使处于某种状态”（此用法还有 leave/keep)The teacher made the students do a lot of homework。这个老师让学生做很多的作业。3）make fun of意为“嘲弄，取笑”与laugh at 意思相近。The older children always make fun of him because of his accent。= The older children always laugh at him because of his accent。大一些的孩子常常取笑他的口音.拓展：1、be made of 由什么制成(看得出原材料）The house is made of wood。 2、be made from 由什么制成（看不出原材料）Wine is made from grapes. 3、be made into 把制成。Grapes are made into wine. 4、be made in +地方 “产于某地”7、I hope we will always remain friends.我希望我们将永远朋友。1）hope v。 希望(希望自己)hope to do sth。 希望做某事.不能说：hope sb to do sth I hope to be a teacher when I grow up。 长大后我想成为一名演员。hope + that 从句 I hope (that） youll deal with the problem as soon as possible。 我希望你尽快解决这个问题。wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事（希望别人） I wish you to write a letter soon. 我希望你尽快写封信.2）remain friends 意为“还是朋友，保持朋友联系You must tell me the truth， if we are to remain friends。如果我们还是朋友的话，你必须告诉我实情。8、she is good at Mathsbe good at sth/doing sth =do well in sth/doing sth 擅长某事/做某事9、His classes are always full of fun。 他的课总是充满了欢乐.1）be full of=be filled with意为“充满”The bottle is full of milk.这个瓶子里装满了牛奶。2）fun n. 乐趣,欢乐； funny adj.好玩的,有趣的，滑稽的，古怪的 His classes are always funny.他的课总是很有趣.have fun doing sth 做某事玩得愉快10、He uses lots of games in his teaching. 他在教学中运用许多游戏。1）teaching n。教学 teach v。教 teacher n。 教师Linda wants to go into teaching。琳达想从事教学工作。2） lots of = a lot of 许多 后既接可数名词复数=many 也接不可数名词=much 3） in 在此表示“在方面11、Mr Li is strict about our studies， but he always encourages us and gives us support.李老师对我们的学习要求严格，但他总是鼓励我们，给我们支持。1）be strict about/in 对某事要求严格,后面只能接sth.Our teachers are always strict about our homework.我们老师对我们的作业要求很严格。2）be strict with 对某人要求严格，后面只能接人 He is very strict with his students。他对学生非常严格。My father is always strict in behavior with me。我爸爸对我的行为举止要求很严格.3） encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事4) support n。 支持support v. 支持 support sb to do sth 支持某人做某事12、He often says,“Never give up and youll be successful。”他常常说：“永不放弃，你就会成功1）give up 意为“放弃，投降，认输，可作不及物动词用.I give up， tell me what the answer is 。我认输,告诉我答案吧。2）give up sth 放弃某事/某物 give up doing sth 放弃做某事In fact Ive given up this idea.事实上我已经放弃了这个想法。He told me to give up smoking.他建议我戒烟。3）Never give up！是祈使句。相当于Dont give up forever。永不放弃。4)引号中的整个句子是并列句。And 前的分句用祈使句表达条件，and后的分句表达结果.常常引用if引导的条件句进行改写。本句可改写为：If you never give up, you will be successful。练习：快一点,你就可以赶得上早班车。 四 语法：冠词定义：冠词是虚词，放在名词前，用来说明名词的含义。冠词不能单独成为句子，只能作为名词修饰的一部分.冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词和零冠词。不定冠词我们在上学期已学过。一 不定冠词（a/ an)1、a、an是不定冠词,仅用在单数可数名词前,表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目的观念。2、必背：一般情况下a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的字母前。特例：a：a useful book， a European country， a onemonth holidayan: an honest boy， an hour， an ugly girl, an eight/ elevenyearold boy, an 8/11-yearold boy以uni开头的单词前常用冠词a,university, unit 以-un开头的单词常用an，uncle，unusual与a连用的字母：B,C,D，G, J， K, P， Q， T, U， V, W, Y, Z与an连用的字母：A, E, F， H， I， L, M, N, O， R， S， X用法：1指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly。2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you。3表示“每一相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather a Lei Feng。6用于固定词组中A couple of， a bit， once upon a time， in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于quite, rather， many， half， what， such之后This room is rather a big one。8用于so(as， too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet。二 定冠词（the）1、定义：表示特指的人或事物,可与单数或复数可数名词或不可数名词连用。2、用法：（1)特指某（些)人或某（些）物.The gentleman in brown is Alans grandfather。那位身着棕色服装的绅士是艾伦的祖父。（2）用在说话双方都知道的人或事物前。Would you please open the door? Its a bit hot in the room.你能把们开一下吗？房间里有点热.（3）用在前文提到过的人或事物.I have a new book. The book is about the sea.我有一本新书，是关于大海的。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。the Earth 地球 the sea 大海 the sk y 填空（5）用在形容词最高级、序数词及only(作形容词）前。The Nile is the longest river in the world.尼罗河是世界上最长的河流Lily is always the first to school。丽丽总是第一个到学校.（6）用在same,next，last 前。The twins look the same.这对双胞胎看上去一模一样。（7）用在江、河、海洋、海峡、群岛、山系等专有名词前。the Yangtze River 长江 the Atlantic大西洋 the South China Sea南海（8）用在乐器前the piano/ violin/ guitar(9)用在国名的全称和缩写前。the PRC中国 the USA 美国 the UK英国(10）用在一些表示方向、方位、时间、场所的固定词组中。on the right/ left 在右/左边 in the east 在东方 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在早上/中午/晚上 in the distance 在远方 in the beginning 起初,开始（11)用在radio前,表示广播Do you often listen to the radio?你经常听广播吗?(12）用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示“全家人”The Lis usually go to the same place for holiday every year.李家每年通常都去同一个地方度假。三 零冠词用法：1、在日期、月份、节日等名词前不加the.10 September is Teachers Day。九月十号是教师节.Uncle Tom will visit us in May。汤姆叔叔将于五月份探望我们。2、复数可数名词和不可数名词前不加the表示泛指。Camels are very useful animals in the desert.骆驼是沙漠中十分有用的动物。Do you often listen to light music?你常听轻音乐吗?3、学科、语言前不加the。 My favourite subject at school is Physics。在学校，我最喜欢的学科是物理.Can you speak English？你会说英语吗？4、球类、棋类、牌类运动或游戏前不加the.A lot of people enjoy playing football/ soccer/basketball/ volleyball/ chess/ bridge/ poker。很多人都喜欢踢足球、美式足球、篮球、排球、棋、桥牌、扑克.5、表示“用餐”时，一日三餐前不加the.Who did you invite to dinner/ breakfast/ lunch/ supper？你昨天请谁吃饭、早餐、午餐、晚饭了?for/have dinner/breakfast/lunch/supper (但中间有形容词修饰时，则用不定冠词，如have a quick breakfast)6、抽象名词前一般不加the.People all over the world love peace。全世界人民都爱和平.7、television/TV表示“电视节目”时，前不加the.My grandmother is watching television in the next room now。我祖母正在隔壁房间看电视.8、在下列习惯用语和固定短语中，名词前不能加the。go to school/primary school/ secondary school/ university/ work/ hospital/ church/ bed上学、上小学、上中学、上大学、上班、去医院（看病）、去教堂(做礼拜)、上床睡觉at school/ work/ church/ home在学校、在上班、在教堂、在家in hospital/bed 住院、卧床;睡觉 at dawn/noon/night/midnight 在黎明、中午、晚上、半夜by bus/ bicycle（bike) 坐公共汽车、骑自行车 on foot 步行练习：一 语音找出下列各组单词划线部分发音不同的选项（ ) 1. A. patientB。 encourageC. ageD. grade( ） 2。 A。 cheerfulB. engineerC。 ideaD. dream( ） 3。 A。 forgetB. supportC. report D。 important（ ） 4. A. bearB. careC。 hairD。 here( ） 5。 A. probablyB。 hobbyC. dryD。 friendly二 单项选择题（ ） 16. A bird is flying in _sky。A。 a B。 an C。 the D。 不填（ ） 17。 They will be still good friends and we will also _ good friends。A. remain B. have C。 make D. get( ) 18。 Our class teacher usually makes us _ a lot of homework every day.A. to do B. doing C。 does D。 do（ ） 19. Miss Wangs class is always full _ happiness and activities.A。 in B。 to C. with D。 of（ ） 20。 I know _ student with a book in his hand.A. a B. an C. the D。 不填（ ） 21。 My grandmother was a short woman _ grey hair。A。 of B. with C。 in D. about( ） 22. She is good at playing _violin.A。 a B. an C。 the D.不填( ） 23。 These children are very lovely. They are _ quite kind to others.A。 also B。 too C. as well D。 either( ) 24。 Try to remember the new words. Dont _ them.A. leave B. forget C. have D。 get（ ) 25. Uncle Wu is good at _ to make fun。A. making jokesB. tell jokes C. telling jokes D。 made jokes( ） 26. He likes playing _ basketball。A。 a B. an C. the D。 不填( ) 27. Most of our classmates wear _ when they have classes。A. a pair of glass B. a glasses C。 a pair of glasses D. a glass （ ) 28。 -What does she look like？-_。A. She is very friendly B. She is tall and thin C. She likes dancing D. She is fine( ) 29. Our teacher always _ us _ speak English in class.A。 encourage, to B. encourages， to C. encourage， with D。 encourages, with( ) 30. Work hard _ you will finally find the answer to the problem.A. and B. but C. or D。 so三 用适当的冠词填空，不需填冠词的画x。31 -Do you play_musical instrument? -Yes，I play_piano.32。Both of_girls are ill today。33.Do you like playing_ baseball or _basketball？34.Every day we have _ supper at six and then do some homework。35。We are staying in _largest room in the hotel.36。_Browns are going to visit Shenyang next week。四 语法选择题 ( ) 37。-What does Mr Black do? -He is _English teacher. A / B the C an D a ( ） 38. _ train goes faster than _bus. A。A； a B. A; the C.The;the D The；a ( ） 39。Its early.We have half _ hour to go。 A an B a C the D/ ( ) 40.Evening came,we could see _ old man sitting under _ tall tree. A an; / B the;/ C a； the D a; the ( ） 41。We have _ lunch in _ middle of _ day. A /;a;/ B the;/；an C a；the；/ D /;the；the （ ) 42。-Which one do you want? -_ blue one，I think。 A.The B。 A C. An D。/五 完形填空We live in the computer age. People use computers _1_much of their work。 But few people know how _2_ after them. Remember the following when you use your computer._3_ your computer in a cool and dry room。 Too much or too little heat is bad for computers. Damp（潮湿） is also bad for _4_.Do not let people _5_ near your computer. Smoke of all kinds is very bad for many parts of a computer.Do not eat _6_ drink when you are near your computer. Pieces of food and a little water in the keyboard（键盘)_7_also bad for a computer。Keep your screen _8_ and do not make it too bright. Its bad for your eyes. Make sure the screen is not too far _9_ or too near to your eyes. Some people use _0_ when they use a computer。( ) 1. A. doB。 to doC。 doingD. to doing（ ） 2。 A. lookB。 lookingC. to lookD。 to looking( ) 3. A. To keepB。 KeepingC。 KeepD。 Keeps( ） 4. A. themB。 theirC. they