中考英语专题复习专题十-情态动词.doc

2009年中考复习*专题复习情态动词专题十 情态动词知识清单常考点清单一、情态动词的类型和特征(一) 情态动词的类型1. 只作情态动词的有：must; can (could); may (might)；2. 可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need；3. 可作情态动词也可作助动词的有：will (would); shall (should)；4. 具有情态动词的某些特征的有：have to; ought to(二) 情态动词的特征1. 有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和行为动词或系动词连用，构成谓语。2. 无人称和数的变化 (have to例外：用于第三人称单数时用has to)。We must stay here. 我们必须呆在这儿。He stay here. 他必须呆在这儿。We have to walk home. 我们不得不步行回家。He walk home. 他不得不步行回家。3. 后接动词原形，即不带to的不定式。She may her way. 她可能迷路了。4. 具有助动词的作用，可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语。 Can you sing an English song? 你会唱英语歌吗？ Yes, I can. 是的，我会。二、情态动词的用法(一) can, could的用法1. 表示能力，译为：能，会。Can you play basketball? 你会打篮球吗？2. 表怀疑、猜测，常用于否定句和疑问句中。He be in the room.他不可能在房间里。3. 表请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以”，相当于may。You can (may) go now. 你现在可以走了。4. could是can的过去式，可以表示过去的能力。I swim when I was seven years old. 我七岁时就会游泳。5. 以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答和否定回答分别用can和cant。(二) may的用法1. 表推测，意为“可能；也许”，用于肯定句中。He may come tomorrow. 他明天可能会来。2. 表请求、许可，意为“可以” I borrow your book? 我可以借用你的书吗？may表请求，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句时，其否定回答用mustnt，不用may not，意为“不可以，不许，禁止”。 May I go now? 我现在可以走了吗？ No, you . 不可以。3. (1) 表祝愿。May you succeed. 祝你成功。 (2) can和may 均可用来表示征求意见或允许，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。(三) must的用法1. 表示“必须、应该”。2. 表示推测，意为“一定”，一般用于肯定句。在疑问句和否定句一般应用can，否定句中也用may，但may not表示“可能不”，而cant 表示“不可能”。在否定句中，mustnt表示禁止，意为“不允许”。以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答应用must，而否定回答则常用neednt，意为“不需要、不必”，相当于dont have to。 Theres someone knocking on the door. 有人敲门。 It must be Jim. 肯定是吉姆。3. 以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答常用neednt或dont have to，而不能用mustnt。 Must I finish the work today? 我今天必须完成这项工作吗？ No, you . 不必(四) 对need词性的判断need后加to do说明need为实义动词，用助动词提问或否定；need后加doing表被动；若need后加动词原形,则need为情态动词，用need提问或否定，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt。 You neednt come to school so early. 你不必这么早来学校。(五) had better的用法had better+动词原形，表示最好做某事，否定式用had better not do sth.。Youd better stay at home. 你最好呆在家里。Youd better TV every day. 你最好不要每天看电视。(六) shall (should), will (would)的用法1. Shall用于第一人称，表示征求意见、询问。Shall I open the window? 我打开窗户好吗？ we have lunch here? 我们在这儿吃饭好吗？2. Should常用来表示义务、责任。We should obey traffic laws. 我们应该遵守交通规则。3. will 用于第二人称表示询问、请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”。Will you pass me the book? 你能把这本书递给我吗？We will do anything for you. 我会为你做任何事。4. would 用来表示过去的意愿或委婉的询问。Would you tell me the way to the station? 你能告诉我去车站的路吗?易混点清单一、can和be able to can 和be able to表示能力时用法相同，can只用于现在时和过去式(could)，其他时态要用be able to。Jim couldnt speak Chinese last year, but now he can. 吉姆去年不会说汉语，但现在他会了。We will be able to come back next week. 我们下周能回来。二、can 和may 表可能性的区别1. 在肯定句中，用may表示可能。You had better ask the policeman. He may know.你最好问警察，他可能知道。2. 在否定句中，若语气肯定，表示“不可能”时用can not；若语气不肯定，表示“不可能”时用may not。Mr Li cant be in the room. He has gone to Beijing for a visit.李老师不可能在，他去北京度假了。 Is John coming by train? 约翰是坐火车来吗？ He may not.He likes driving his car. 可能不是，他喜欢开他的车。三、could, should, would, might表示委婉语气could, should, would, might等过去式有时不表示过去，而是表示更委婉客气的语气。Would you tell me the way to the park? 你能告诉我去公园的路吗？四、must和have (has) tomust和have (has) to 意思均为“必须”，常可以互换使用。但have (has) to用于强调客观需要，意为“必须，不得不”；must用于表示主观看法，意为“必须，应该”。Well have to ask Zhang Hong instead. 我们必须去请张红代替了。We must work hard at school. 在学校我们应该努力学习。 五、maybe和may bemay为情态动词，后加动词原形be，用在句中；maybe为副词，“大概，也许”，相当于perhaps,用于句首。 六、cant和mustnt表否定推测时应用cant, mustnt表达“禁止、不允许”的含义，不是用来表推测的，在肯定句中must表推测，译为“一定”。 五年中考2004 2008 年江苏中考题组1. (2007江苏镇江, 24) May I try on the jeans? Yes, you .A. should B. can C. must D. need2. (2007苏州, 26) Is John coming by train? He should, but he not. He likes driving his car.A. must B. can C. may D. need 3. (2007常州, 27)You have finished most of the work, so you start working so early tomorrow. You may come at 9:00.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldnt4. (2007南京, 23) When traffic lights are red, we stop and wait.A. may B. can C. must D. might5. (2007无锡, 24) David be the new chairperson of the Students Union? He be, but Im not sure.A. Can; can B. Can; may C. May; must D. May; mustnt6. (2006南京, 27) Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao? No, you .You may give it to me tomorrow.A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. maynt7. (2006泰州, 27) Never touch my computer while Im away. . A. I shouldnt B. I mustnt C. I wont D. I dont8. (2005常州, 27) Mum, Ive finished my homework. I go out and play for a while? No, Im afraid not. I have some other exercises for you. A. Must B. May C. Would D. Will9. (2005镇江, 61) Isnt that Anns husband over there? No, it be him. Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not10. (2005扬州, 27) Must I finish reading the book today? No. You if you have something else to do. A. mustnt B. couldnt C. cant D. dont have to 11. (2005泰州, 26) Lets go to Taishan Park by taxi. Its not far. We take a taxi.A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. couldnt12. (2005江苏南通, 27) You worry about him. He will get well soon.A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. may not13. (2005宿迁, 33) Must we put up a sign n the riverside? . Its very dangerous here. A. Yes, you must B. No, you mustnt C. Yes, you can D. No, you neednt 14. (2005连云港, 29) it be Xiao Wang? No, it be him. He has gone to Beijing.A. Must; cant B. Can; may not C. May; mustnt D. Can; cant15. (2004苏州) Could you tell me if he finish the work on time? A. could B. was able to C. is able to D. would be able to16.（2008连云港,33）Be polite. You _talk to the old like that.A. couldnt B.neednt C.mustnt D.wouldnt17.（2008徐州,30）There is somebody at the door. _I go and see who it is?A. Shall B.Must C.Will D.Would18.（2008泰州,29）Carol_be very bored with her job.She has to do the same thing every day.A. must B.cant C.could D.may not19. （2008扬州,25）Listen!Is Rose singing in the next room?No.It_be Rose.She has gone to Shanghai.A. may not B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt20.（2008扬州,30）Its raining hard outside.Youd better_.OK.A to go out B.going out C.not to go out D.not go out21.（2008苏州,32）We hope that as many people as possible_join us for the charity show tomorrow.A. need B.can C.must D.should2004 2008 年全国中考题组1. (2007辽宁十二市, 30) I cant stop smoking, doctor. For your health, Im afraid you .A. may B. need C. have to D. must 2. (2007浙江宁波, 31) Jill looks so painful, there be something wrong with her. Oh dear! Wed better take her to the nearest hospital at once.A. can B. should C. would D. must 3. (2007安徽, 25) Schools allow students at least one hour a day for sports.A. would B. might C. should D. could 4. (2007武汉, 43) Do I have to come back tomorrow? Yes, you . A. can B. may C. must D. should 5. (2007山西, 23) Could I borrow your dictionary? Of course you .A. can B. must C. should D. will 6. (2006甘肃兰州, 40) Who is the girl standing over there? Well, if you know, her name is Joe.A. must B. may C. can D. shall7. (2006湖北黄冈, 39) What should we do first if we want to develop our village? A lot of roads , I think.A. must build B. have to build C. must be built D. have built8. (2006湖北武汉, 43) Will you please stay here for the party? Sorry, I . Ill have to go to an important meeting.A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 9. (2005厦门) Im sorry. I go now. My father told me on the phone that my mother was ill.A. can B. may C. have to D. think10. (2005宁波实验区) Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. .A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent11. (2005泉州实验区) Its a secret between you and me. You tell anyone about this.A. must B. can C. mustnt D. neednt12. (2004佛山) What a nice day! we go surfing? Good idea. A. Shall B. Must C. Need D. May13. (2004乌鲁木齐) Tom, dont drive too fast, you hit the others cars. OK, I wont, Mum. A. must B. need C. may D. have to14. (2004北京) May I put my bike here? No, you . You should put it over there. A. couldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont20062008年江苏模拟探究性专项测试情态动词 1. (2008苏州昆山) I told the man that he to see a doctor about his leg. A. ought B. might C. should D. must 2. (2008苏州新区) We need to make different kinds of food. My father is a good cook. He help us. A. can B. is able to C. may D. will 3. (2008镇江) Millie is free this weekend. She watch the game show on TV on Sunday.A. ought to B. need C. might D. has to 4. (2008南通) How you know it? I learnt it from the newspaper. A. should B. could C. must D. may 5. (2008盐城) Since you cant work out this problem, you go and ask Millie. She know the answer. A. can; need B. need; must C. can; may D. must; may 6. (2007江苏) The old man was quite weak after the accident. So he .A. must be take care of B. must take care ofC. must be looked after D. must look after 7. (2007南京) May I take this book out of the reading room? . Please read it here.A. Certainly B. No, you neednt C. No, you mustnt D. No, you hadnt 8. (2007苏州市区) When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They be ready by 12:00. A. might B. will C. can D. should9. (2006南通) May I change the film here? No, you do that in the sunshine.A. neednt B. wouldntC. dont have to D. cant10. (2006江苏) Is your brother playing computer games, Ted? He do that because the computer doesnt work. A. may not B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt11. (2006江苏) Cars, buses and bikes stop when the traffic lights changes to red.A. can B. may C. must D. need20072009年全国模拟探究性专项测试情态动词 1. (2008河南) The book Lucys. Look, her name is on the books cover. A. mustnt be B. must be C. cant be D. neednt be 2. (2008全国课改实验) Will you stay for supper? Sorry, I . My mother is coming to see me. A. mustnt B. am not C. neednt D. wont 3. (2007福州) You must come back every month. Yes, I . A. will B. must C. should D. can 4. (2007大连) Tom play the guitar, but he play it well. A. may; may not B. can; cant C. may; cant D. can; may not 5. (2007江西) Excuse me, could I borrow some money from you? Of course you . A. could B. can C. must D. need 6. (2006山西) Wheres Lucy? Im not sure. She in the school library. A. maybe B. must be C. may be D. will be 7. (2006济南) I have to show the school report to my parents, Miss King! Yes, you do. A. Must B. Do C. Can D. May 8. (2006长春) Lets go dancing tonight. Sorry, I . I have to go to a meeting.A. mustnt B. may not C. neednt D. cant 9. (2006河南) A teacher also make a mistake if he or she is not careful enough.A. must B. may C. should D. has to10. (2006济南) I dont mind telling you what I know. You . Im not asking you for it. A. neednt B. mustnt C. may not D. cant 6