简单句的基本句型4月6日.ppt

Good afternoon,Girls and boys!By zhuping“Im a big big girl in a big big worldIts not a big big thing if you leave me.But I do feel that I too will miss you much.”I can see the first leaf falling.Its all yellow and nice.Its so very cold outside like the way Im feeling inside.Outside its now raining and tears are falling from my eyes.why did it have to happen?Why did it all have to end?I have your arms around me wooh like fire.But when I open my eyes,youre gone.“Im a big big girl in a big big worldIts not a big big thing if you leave me.But I do feel that I do will miss you much.”I can see the first leaf falling.Its all yellow and nice.Its so very cold outside like the way Im feeling inside.Outside its now raining and tears are falling from my eyes.why did it have to happen?Why did it all have to end?I have your arms around me wooh like fire.But when I open my eyes,youre gone.句句子子结结构构分分类类 简单简单句句 Simple Sentences 含有一个主含有一个主语语（或并（或并列主列主语语）和一个）和一个谓语谓语（或（或并列并列谓语谓语）的句子）的句子 并列句并列句 Compound Sentences 包含两个或两个以上包含两个或两个以上主主谓结谓结构的句子且句子之构的句子且句子之间间有有并列并列连词连词and/but等或等或用用分号分号连连接接 复合句复合句 Complex Sentences 包含一个主句和一个包含一个主句和一个从句或一个主句和多个从从句或一个主句和多个从句的句子，且从句用句的句子，且从句用从属从属连词连词引引导导1.He learns German.2.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.3.We sang and danced yesterday evening.4.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at five in the afternoon.（一个主语和并列谓语一个主语和并列谓语）（并列主语和并列谓语并列主语和并列谓语）（并列主语和一个谓语并列主语和一个谓语）（一个主语和一个谓语一个主语和一个谓语）英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这六种这六种基基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英英语六种语六种基本句型列式如基本句型列式如下：下：基本句型一：基本句型一：+i （主谓）（主谓）基本句型二：基本句型二：+link+（主系表）（主系表）基本句型三：基本句型三：+t+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）基本句型四：基本句型四：+t+Oi+d（主谓间宾直宾）主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：基本句型五：+t+（主谓宾宾（主谓宾宾补）补）基本句型基本句型六：六：There be (Therebe主语其主语其他）他）i （不及物（不及物动词动词）1.Time 2.The moon 3.The man4.We all 5.Everybody 6.I 7.They 8.He 9.He10.Itflies.rose.cooked.eat,and drink.laughed.woke.talked for half an hour.walked yesterday.is crying.Snowed last night.基本句型基本句型 一一+i（主谓）主谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动谓语动词能词能表达表达完整完整的意思。的意思。这类动词叫做这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词，后面可以跟，后面可以跟副词副词、介词短语、状语从句介词短语、状语从句等。等。后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词叫后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词叫及物动及物动词。词。本身意义完整不须跟宾语的实义动词叫本身意义完整不须跟宾语的实义动词叫不及物动不及物动词。常见的不及物动词有：词。常见的不及物动词有：agree,work,listen,die,arrive,smile,snow,daagree,work,listen,die,arrive,smile,snow,dance,cry,sing,rain,come,go,sit,happen,wait,nce,cry,sing,rain,come,go,sit,happen,wait,stand,fallstand,fall.即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词”的句的句型型翻译下列句子翻译下列句子。1.太阳在照耀着太阳在照耀着。1.The sun was shining.2.我们勤奋学习我们勤奋学习。2.We study hard.3.他们谈了半个小时他们谈了半个小时。3.They talked for half an hour.4.这支笔书写流利。这支笔书写流利。4.The pen writes smoothly.5.他们等了几个小时就是为了看见他们他们等了几个小时就是为了看见他们最喜爱的明星。最喜爱的明星。5.They waited several hours to see their favourite stars.t（及物（及物动动词词）(宾语宾语)1.Who 2.She 3.He 8.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 4.He knows played understands made ate likes want said the answer?football.English.cakes.some apples.apples.to have a cup of tea.Good morning.基本句型基本句型 二二+t+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。做及物动词。即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语”句型翻译下列句子。句型翻译下列句子。1.我昨天买了一本英语书。我昨天买了一本英语书。I bought an English book yesterday.2.他放学后打篮球。他放学后打篮球。He plays basketball afterschool.link （系（系动动词词）(表表语语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face is smells(闻闻)felt looks is is becameturned an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.基本句型 三+link+（主系表）（主系表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语谓语动词动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语复合谓语，才能，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词连系动词。系动。系动词分两类：词分两类：be,look,feel,smell,taste,soundbe,look,feel,smell,taste,sound等属一类，表示情况；等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,get,grow,become,turn,goturn,go等属另一类，表示变化。等属另一类，表示变化。be be 本身没有什本身没有什么意义么意义,只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义另仍保持其部分词义另:stay,prove,remain,stand:stay,prove,remain,stand即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语”句型翻译下列句子。句型翻译下列句子。1.这音乐听起来太吵。这音乐听起来太吵。1.This music sounds noisy.2.丝绸摸起来又软又滑。丝绸摸起来又软又滑。2.Silk feels soft and smooth.t（及及物）物）Oi（多多指人）指人）Od（多指物）多指物）1.She2.She 3.He 8.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 4.He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed himher me you her him him mea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.a storythe way to the park.基本句型基本句型 四四+t+Oi+d（主谓间宾直宾）主谓间宾直宾）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语”的句型翻译下列句子的句型翻译下列句子。1.我想为他挑选一份的礼物我想为他挑选一份的礼物。1.I want to choose a present for him.2.太阳给了我们光和热太阳给了我们光和热。2.The sun gives us light and warmth.3.Mr Smith教我们数学。教我们数学。3.Mr Smith teaches us math.4.那个老人给我们指路。那个老人给我们指路。4.The old man showed us the way.7.请借我些钱请借我些钱,行吗行吗?7.Please lend me some money,will you?8.Mary写了封信给写了封信给Tom。8.Mary wrote Tom a letter.t（及物）及物）（宾语宾语）（宾补宾补）1.We 2.They3.They 4.They5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.to come back soon.getting on the bus.基本句型基本句型 五五+t+（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。语，才能使意思完整。即时练习：即时练习：请用请用“主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾宾语语+宾补宾补”句型翻译下列句子。句型翻译下列句子。1.那噪音快要使我发疯了。那噪音快要使我发疯了。1.The noise is driving me crazy.2.我们要使学校变得更美丽。我们要使学校变得更美丽。2.We must make our school more beautiful.3.他请我们参加做游戏。他请我们参加做游戏。3.He asked us to join in the game.4.我要你把真相告诉我。我要你把真相告诉我。4.I want you to tell me the truth.5.明天我要找人来修理机器。明天我要找人来修理机器。5.I will have the machine repaired tomorrow.6.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。6.We hear him reading English aloud every morning.7.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。他们感到汽车行驶得很快。7.They felt the car moving fast.There is a book,a pen and some pencils on the desk.There are two chairs,a desk and a bed in my room.基基本句型本句型 六六 There be+主语主语+状语状语 There be句型表示句型表示“某处有某物某处有某物/某人某人”，即表示即表示存在关系存在关系。1.There is an apple on the desk.2.There are many students on the playground.3.There isnt a computer on the desk.4.-Is there a computer on the desk?-Yes,there is./No,there isnt.英语六种基本句型列式如下：英语六种基本句型列式如下：句型一：句型一：+（主谓（主谓）句型二：句型二：+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）句型三：句型三：+（主系表）（主系表）句型四：句型四：+INO+DO (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾)句型五：句型五：+O (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)句型句型六：六：There be (Therebe主语其主语其他）他）I went to school at 7:00.主语主语谓语谓语*这一结构中的动词为这一结构中的动词为不及物动词不及物动词(Vi)，其后没有宾语其后没有宾语,后面可以跟副词、后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。介词短语做状语。1.SV 1.We go to school every day.2.I am living in Beijing now.3.My love for you will never die.4.He talked with a foreigner yesterday.给下列句子辨别主要成分：给下列句子辨别主要成分：主语主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语He taught the first class.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语2.SVO *这一结构中的动词为这一结构中的动词为及物动词及物动词(Vt)，其，其 后要有宾语后要有宾语,后面有的跟名词、动词不后面有的跟名词、动词不 定式也有的跟动名词作宾语。定式也有的跟动名词作宾语。1)只能用只能用不定式作宾语不定式作宾语的常见的常见及物及物动词：动词：want，hope，wish，would like，decide，agree，ask，cant wait等；等；1.They want to sing.找宾语：找宾语：不定式作宾语不定式作宾语找宾语：找宾语：2.Do you enjoy singing?动名词作宾语动名词作宾语2)只能用只能用动名词作宾语动名词作宾语的常见动词：的常见动词：mind，enjoy，keep，finish，cant help等；等；找宾语：找宾语：3.She forgot to close the door.4.We stopped talking when he came in.3)有些动词后有些动词后既能用不定式又能用动名词既能用不定式又能用动名词 作宾语，作宾语，如：如：remember,forget,stop,go on,try,begin,start,like,love,hate等。等。The food smells delicious.主语主语连系动词连系动词表语表语*句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态表明主语身份或状态的表语的表语 构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这 类动词叫做连系动词。类动词叫做连系动词。3.SV系系P*be 本身没有什么意义本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语只起连系主语 和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其 部分词义。部分词义。be,look(看起来看起来),keep,seem,get(变变),become,sound(听起来听起来),turn(变变),smell,feel,taste等。等。1.Everyone looks different.2.That sounds good.3.I am a teacher now.4.Her face turns red.给下列句子辨别主要成分：给下列句子辨别主要成分：He gave me a pen.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语间宾间宾(人人)+直宾直宾(物物)4.SVINODO*这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后，但但 间宾前需加介词间宾前需加介词to或或for,这需要与之前的这需要与之前的 动词动词相搭配。相搭配。即：即：He gave a pen to me.1.Li Hua showed me his pictures.=Li Hua showed his pictures to me.2.My friend sent her a letter.=My friend sent a letter to her.改同义句：改同义句：1).S+V+DO+to+INO在间宾前加在间宾前加to搭配搭配的的动词有动词有:give,show,send,bring,pass,lend,tell,teach等。等。He made me a birthday present=He made a birthday present for me改同义句：改同义句：1).S+V+DO+for+INO在间宾前加在间宾前加for搭配搭配的的动词有动词有:make,buy,get,cook,do,sing,等。等。注意：当两个宾语都是代词时，只能注意：当两个宾语都是代词时，只能 用用S+V+DO+for/to+INO结构结构.For example:Ill send it to youIll send you it.XThe boy wished his father to buy a bike for him.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语宾语补足语宾语补足语5.SVO OC 宾语补足语可有五种情况：宾语补足语可有五种情况：1)带带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 e.g.She asked me to call him again.很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，这类动词有：这类动词有：ask，tell，want，wish，would like,help 等。等。即：即：ask tell want wish would like help sb.to do sth.2)不带不带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 e.g.We often hear the girl sing the song.能带这种宾语的动词为感官动词、动词短语能带这种宾语的动词为感官动词、动词短语和使役动词和使役动词,如如let，feel，notice，help，make，have，listen to，hear，see，watch，look atletfeelhelpmakehavelisten tohearseewatchlook at sb.do sth.注：注：help后的不定式后的不定式可以带可以带to也可不带也可不带to.4)名词作宾补名词作宾补e.g.We must keep it a secret.常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：name，call，make等等.5)形容词作宾补。形容词作宾补。e.g.You should keep the room clean.常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：make，keep，find，want，wish，like，see，leave等。等。The interesting story made me happy.She left me alone。We saw him out.1.We study hard.()2.She taught us English.()3.She is afraid of dogs.()4.She is writing a letter.()5.They went out.()6.I found him angry.()7.I want you to tell me the truth.()8.It is difficult for him to do that.()金精火眼辩句型金精火眼辩句型二、说出句型类别二、说出句型类别 113245531.记住在你离开之前把窗子关上记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。Remember _the window before you leave.1.我记得关了啊。我记得关了啊。But I remember_ it.3.哦，你忘了关灯了。哦，你忘了关灯了。I see.You forgot_ the lights.4.我忘了已经写完作业了。我忘了已经写完作业了。I forgot_ my homework already.金精火眼辩句型金精火眼辩句型to closeclosingto turn offfinishing一一.填空并说出句型类别填空并说出句型类别2.SVO 5.昨天爸爸给我一个礼物昨天爸爸给我一个礼物.My father gave _yesterday.6.Li Hua给我看他的照片给我看他的照片.Li Hua showed_.7.我的朋友给我一封信。我的朋友给我一封信。My friend sent_.8.他给我亲手做了一个礼物。他给我亲手做了一个礼物。His made_.9.她丈夫给她买了一条项链。她丈夫给她买了一条项链。Her husband bought_.金精火眼辩句型金精火眼辩句型a gift to me/me a gifthis pictures to me/me his picturesa letter to me/me a lettera present for me/me a presenta necklace for her/her a necklace.4.SVINODO划分以下句子成分划分以下句子成分1 She cooks well2 My sister cant swim.3 My pan pal is American.4 She is a reporter.5 Tony likes pandas very much.主主谓谓表表主主谓谓主主主主谓谓宾宾主主系系表表系系6.My pen friend buys some pens.7.People give me their money.8.You cant give too much money to your child.9.They want me to speak Chinese.10.We want a music teacher to teach piano,violin and guitar.主主谓谓间宾间宾主主谓谓直宾直宾主主谓谓直宾直宾主主谓谓间宾间宾主主谓谓宾宾宾补宾补宾宾宾补宾补宾宾1主主+谓谓1她工作很努力。她工作很努力。_very hard.2.我朋友下周日到达。我朋友下周日到达。_next Sunday.3.我表弟不会游泳。我表弟不会游泳。_.She worksMy friend will arriveMy cousin cant swim二主二主+系系+表表4她是日本人。她是日本人。_.5银银行在公园行在公园对对面。面。_.6他的工作有点危他的工作有点危险险。_.She is JapaneseThe bank is across from the parkHis work is kind of dangerous三主三主+谓谓+宾宾7今年他交了一个新笔友。今年他交了一个新笔友。_this year.8树树袋熊晚上吃袋熊晚上吃树树叶。叶。_at night.9我喜我喜欢欢和人和人们说话们说话。_.He made a new pen palKoalas eat leavesI like talking with people四主四主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直直宾宾 主主+谓谓+直直宾宾+介介词词+间宾间宾10人人们们把他把他们们的的钱给钱给我。我。_11他把相片他把相片给给我看。我看。_12我父母我父母给给我我购买购买了一台新自行了一台新自行车车。_People give me their money.People give their money to me.He showed me his photo.He showed his photo to me.My parents bought me a new bike.My parents bought a new bike for me.五主五主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补13我看我看见见一个小孩在角落那里哭一个小孩在角落那里哭._on the corner.14我喜我喜欢欢他穿制服。他穿制服。_ .15她常常帮助我学英她常常帮助我学英语语。_I saw a child cryingI like him to wear uniforms.She often helps me learn English.请点击请点击I.指出下面的句子属于哪种基本句型。指出下面的句子属于哪种基本句型。1.We can keep it warm.2.The government built the nature reserve.3.The sparrow（麻雀）（麻雀）is flying.4.The reserve（自然保护区）（自然保护区）gives wildlife an ideal home.S+V+DO+OC S+V+OS+VS+V+IO+DO5.The crane（鹤）（鹤）looks beautiful.6.The students are counting the birds.7.Sandy thought herself a good birdwatcher.8.I found the article on wildlife interesting.S+V+PS+V+OS+V+DO+OCS+V+DO+OCII.翻译并指出基本句型翻译并指出基本句型1.这辆自行车是新的。这辆自行车是新的。2.他感到忧虑。他感到忧虑。3.孩子们正在玩耍。孩子们正在玩耍。4.这个婴儿笑了。这个婴儿笑了。5.5.她刚做完作业。她刚做完作业。1.The bike is new.(S+V+P)2.He felt worried.(S+V+P)3.The children are playing.(S+V)4.The baby laughed.(S+V)5.She has just finished her homework.（S+V+O）6.6.孩子们经常唱这首歌。孩子们经常唱这首歌。7.7.她把她所有的图画拿给她的朋友看。她把她所有的图画拿给她的朋友看。8.8.吴老师教我们英语。吴老师教我们英语。9.9.我们会使它保持温暖。我们会使它保持温暖。10.10.凌风使婴儿停止了啼哭。凌风使婴儿停止了啼哭。6.Children often sing this song.（S+V+O）7.She showed her friends all her pictures.（S+V+IO+DO）8.Mr.Wu teaches us English.（S+V+IO+DO）9.We can keep it warm.（S+V+DO+OC）10.Ling Feng made the baby stop crying.（S+V+DO+OC）1.Theres going to _ an English evening tonight?Would you like to go with us?（2013 孝感）孝感）Id love to.A.have B.has C.is D.be2.Last winter it was very cold and _ was a lot of snow in the north.（2013盐城盐城）A.it B.this C.that D.there.Multiple choice 3._ two soccer games in our school next week.（2013黔西南黔西南）A.There is has B.There are have C.There are going to be D.There is going to be4.Do you think there _ robots in Peoples homes in the future?（2013湘西湘西）A.will beB.will is C.be will5.Mike,you look so excited.（2013孝孝感感）Yeah!There_ a tennis game played by Li Na this evening.A.will have B.is going to be C.is going to have D.are going to be 6.There _ be a fashion show in our town tomorrow.（2013雅安雅安）A.are going to B.will have C.has D.is going to7.There_ a basketball match this weekend.（2013遂宁遂宁）Awill have Bis going to be Cis going to have8.Excuse me.Is there a post office near here?Yes,_.Go down this street and turn right.（2013济南济南）A.it is B.this is C.that is D.there is9.There_a basketball game in our school this evening.（2013贺贺州州）A.is going to have B.will have C.will is D.will be10.Therea football match this evening.（2013凉山凉山）Yeah,thats great.A.is going to be B.are going to be C.will have11.Therean English contest in Kaili next term.（2013黔黔东东南南）A.is going to haveB.is going to beC.will have D.will to beGoodbye！Wish you happy every day！