高考英语阅读-推理判断题.ppt

1.阅读理解专题-推理判断题2.得高分得高分得得阅读阅读者者An English paper（120points）Reading comprehension:30points3.2010 2010 年年5757题题,63,63题题,65,65题题,6969题题20112011年年5656、6060、6565、6969、70702012 2012 年年5858、6161、6464、69691010、1111、1212江江苏苏高考高考阅读阅读理解推理判断理解推理判断题题:4.5.There are three men on a train.Mr A speaks English and Chinese.Mr B speaksFrench and English.Mr C can only talk with Mr A.What language does Mr C speak?Chinese.6.1.Questionforms:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.Fromthetextweknowthatismostlikely.Whenthewritertalksabout,whatthewriterreallymeansis.Thewritersuggeststhat.Thestoryimpliesthat.Wecaninferconcludefromthepassagethat.这类题干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude等标志性词语。7.Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall?Did it sound like a clock?If so,it may have been made by a beetle.Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die.Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle.（1分分钟钟）The sound of this beetle _.A.pleased people.B.surprised people.C.frightened people.D.excited people.Practice18.SeveraldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedontheNorthAmericancontinentsincetheIceAge;todayonlytwoexist.Thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo,andisnowfoundmostlyinwesternCanada.BetterknownintheUnitedStatesisthePlainsbison,orbuffalo.Atonetime,herdsoftheseanimalscouldbesighedalmosteverywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest.Theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison_.A.liveoutsidetheUnitedStatedandCanadaB.arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC.existedbeforetheIceAgeD.havebeenkilledorhavediedoutP29.1).全面分析全面分析2).忠忠实实原文原文3).不要不要选择选择表表层层信息信息技巧点技巧点拨拨10.在议论文中，有：(1)positive(积极的)(2)negative(3)neutral(中立的)(4)approval(5)disapproval(6)indifferent(7)sarcastic（讽刺的）(8)critical(批评的)(9)optimistic(10)pessimistic客观的消极的漠不关心的(赞成的)不赞成的乐观的悲观的说明文中作者的态度:objectiveneutral（中立的）；11.1.Questionforms:Thewritersattitudetowardis_.Thewriterthoughtthat_.Accordingtotheauthor_.12.What is the authors attitude towards the moderntechnology?A.Critical B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Negative.There was a time when some peoples lives were devotedsimply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.No multitasking there;their lives went on at a muchgentler pace,and in a familiar pattern.There is much thatwe might envy about a way of life like this.Yet before wedo so,we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced;they farmed with bare hands,often lived close to hunger,and had to fashion tools from wood and stone.Modernmachinery has freed people from that primitive existence.P313.Theauthorsattitudetowardsrunningsuchacafis_A.unfavorableB.approvingC.doubtfulD.cautiousP4(2012辽辽宁卷宁卷)Insidethepleasinglyfragrantcafe,SoAllMayEat(SAME)indowntownDenver,thespiritofgenerosityisinstantlynoticeable:donationboxstandsinplaceofacashregister.Customersherepayonlywhattheycanafford,noquestionsasked.Ariskybusinessplan,perhaps,butSAMECafhasdoneoneunchangeablethingintheMileHighCityforsixyears:Openonlyatmidday,therestaurantallowspoorlocalcustomerswhocannotpaytoworkasvolunteersinstead.Theycanactaswaitersandwaitresses,anddishwashers,orlookafterthebuildingsandequipmentforthecafe.Itsbasedontrust,anditsworkingallright”,saysco-ownerBradBirky,whostartedthe14.cafin2006.Previouslyvolunteeringatsoupkitchens,theBirkysweredissatisfiedwiththeoftenunhealthymealstheyservedthere.“Wewantedtoofferqualityfoodinarestaurantwhereeveryonefeltcomfortable,regardlessoftheircircumstances,”Birkysays.SAMEsspeciallunchmenuchangesdailyandmostfoodmaterialsarenaturalandgrownbylocalfarmers.Thecafnowaverages65to70customers(andeightvolunteers)aday.Andthespiritofgenerositybehindtheprojectappearstobespreading.Inearly2007,onevolunteerwhohadclearedsnowforhismealsduringthelongwintersaidgoodbyetotheBirkys,HesaidhewasgoingtoNewOrleanstohelpwiththehurricaneclearingup,”saysBirky.15.2.技巧点技巧点拨拨注意作者表达_的形容形容词词、副、副词词、动词动词及所及所举举的例子的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。感情色彩16.1.Questionforms:(1)考查整篇文章的写作目的A.Thewriterspurposeofwritingthispassageisto_.B.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?C.Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto_.17.(2)考查某处细节的写作意图A.Thewriterusestheexampleoftoshowthat_.B.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_.C.arementionedinthefirstparagraphto_.18.2.常常见见的写作目的的写作目的归纳归纳不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的,但写作目的通常有以下三种：(1)toentertainreaders（娱乐读者，让人发笑）(2)topersuadereaders（说服读者接受某种观点）(3)toinformreaders（告知读者某些信息）常常见见于于故事故事类类的文章。的文章。tomakepeoplelaugh;totellaninterestingexperience常常见见于于广告广告类类的文章。的文章。tosellaproductoraservice;toattractmorevisitors/readers/audience多多见见于于科普科普类类新新闻报闻报道道类类文化文化类类或或社会社会类类的文章的文章.19.Passage5.“Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.“Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves,”hesaid.（1.5分钟）Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_.A.testthereadersknowledgeaboutwavesB.drawthereadersattentiontothetopicC.showJamieTaylorsimportanceD.invitethereaderstoanswerthem20.(1)根据根据文体文体类别类别推断写作目的推断写作目的(2)从从写作手法写作手法来推断写作目的来推断写作目的技巧点技巧点拨拨21.1.Questionforms:Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom_.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof_.22.Passage6Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured（受伤）eachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow.Wearingaseatbelt（安全带）saveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriversresponsibility（责任）tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind.However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（发送）orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.（3分钟）Thistextistakenfrom_.A.amedicalmagazineB.apolicereportC.anadvertisement（广告）D.agovernmentinformationbooklet（小册子）Morethan30,000arekilledorseriouslyinjured（受伤）eachyear.youcouldbefinedupto$50Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtyoumaybefinedapolicereport23.P7Dont wander aimlessly through life.Get confused onyour goals,start helping others in need,and live life to thefullest!Life is too short to be anything but happy.Visit myblog and find what youve been missing.Sigh up for my newsletter and get seven free ebooks,too!Read hundredsof articles while youre there in the article section,which isupdated daily.This text must be taken from _A a radio program B.a websiteC.a newspaper D.a TV program24.这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1)报纸报纸(2)广告广告(3)产产品品说说明明4）文学作品等）文学作品等技巧点技巧点拨拨25.1.Questionforms:2.Thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith_Theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss_.26.P8Whenearlyhumanshuntedandgatheredfood,theywerenotincontroloftheirenvironment.Theycouldonlyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsaslowerorganismsdid.Whenhumanslearnedtomakefire,however,theybecamecapableofalteringtheirenvironment.Toprovidethemselveswithfueltheystrippedbarkfromtrees,causingthetreestodie.Clearingswereburnedinforeststoincreasethegrowthofgrassandtoprovideagreatergrazingareaforthewildanimalsthathumansfedupon.Thisdevelopmentledtofarmingandthedomesticationofanimals.Firealsoprovidedthemeansforcookingplantswhichhadpreviouslybeeninedible.Onlywhentheprocessofmeetingthebasicneedforfoodreachedacertainlevelofsophisticationwasitpossibleforhumanstofollowotherpursuitssuchasthefoundingofcities.（3分钟）Theparagraphfollowingthispassagewouldmostlikelybeabout_.A.fireB.huntingC.farmingD.urbanization（城市化）27.推测下文的内容：根据作者的思路进行推理关注最后一段，特别是文段结尾技巧点技巧点拨拨28.Practice makes perfect!29.It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach.Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it.If you dont turn it back over,all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）（依附）the underside will die.The passage implies that rocks _.A.hurt sea animals B.protect sea animalsC.wont be found on beaches D.cant be found on beaches30.P2(2012天津)BarditchHighSchooldecidedtoanAll-SchoolReunion.Over450peoplecametotheevent.ThereweretoursoftheoldschoolbuildingandapicnicatConfederatePark.Severalformerteacherswereonhandstotellstoriesabouttheolddays.Ms.MabelYates,theEnglishteacherforfiftyyears,waswheeledtothePark.Someeyesrolledandtherewereafewlowgroans(嘟囔声)whenMs.Yateswasabouttospeak.Manystartedlookingattheirwatchesandcomingupwithexcusestobeanywhereinsteadofpreparingtolistentoalecturefromandoldwomanwhohadfewkindwordsforherstudentsandmadethemworkharderthanalltheotherteacherscombined.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.SomegraduatesweretoobusytolistentoMs.Yatesspeech.B.ManygraduatesdislikedMs.Yateswaysofteaching.C.Somepeoplegottiredfromthereunionactivities.D.Mostpeoplehadlittleinterestinthereunion.31.5.What can we know from the last paragraph?A.Mary feels pity for herself.B.Mary has recovered from her disease.C.Mary wants to help others as much as possible.DMary determines to go back to the dance floor.Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forcedher to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fallinto selfpity.“Everybody on earth can ask，whyme？about something or other，”she insists.“It doesntdo any good.No one is immune(免疫的免疫的)to heartachepain，and disappointments.Sometimes we can makethings better by helping others.Ive come to realize theimportance of that as Ive grown up this second time.Iwant to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”332.Passage4.Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure-thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains,traveledintounknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans.Now,however,therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivity,whichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping（蹦极跳）tobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace(perhapsabridgeorahotairballoon)200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic（有弹性的）ropetiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.33.Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsychologists（心理学家）suggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,peoplesliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecuredandlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival（生存）.Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeconditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.（5分钟）Thewriterofthetexthasa_attitude（态度）towardsdangeroussports.A.positive（肯定的）B.negative（否定的）C.neutral（中立的）D.nervous34.Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto.A.doresearchB.designshoesC.visitthemuseumD.followcelebritiesP6（2012安徽卷）Welcometooneofthelargestcollectionsoffootwear（鞋类）intheworldthatwillmakeyougreenwithenvy.HereattheFootwearMuseumyoucanseeexhibits（展品）fromallovertheworld.YoucanfindoutaboutshoeswornbyeveryonefromtheAncientEgyptianstopopstars.35.1.1.推断推断隐隐含意含意义义,必必须须吃透相关吃透相关文段的意思。文段的意思。2.2.推断作者的写作意推断作者的写作意图图，应应当当关注主关注主题题句句,同同时时把握文章的体把握文章的体裁也可以推断作者的写作目的。裁也可以推断作者的写作目的。总结总结36.3.推断作者的观点，应当全面理解文章的内容及文章的中心思想。4.推断下文的内容，必须特别关注最后一段的内容,尤其是最后的两三句话。37.Tips:1.严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息或推论依据进行推理，不能搀杂自己的主观想法。2.不选只是阅读材料的简单重复的选项。因为它是事实，不是推论。3.不选虽在文章中提到，但很片面或不完整的选项。4.文章中的虚拟语气和情态动词（should,might,must,may,etc.）往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，有助于确定正确答案。38.5.注意文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too,rather,excessively等，则常常带有否定的语气。6.某些过渡词（例如however,but,onthecontrary,afterall,whatsmore等）后面所表达的内容往往能够反映作者的观点和态度。39.