Skill-vs-Strategy-大学英语课件纯英文版(ppt文档).ppt

SkillsSkills 制作人姓名Cycle DiagramTEXTDiagramReading skills enable readers to turn writing into meaningIntroductionIntroductionAchieve the goals of inde-pendence,comprehension and fluency.Strategies are methods used in reading to determine the meaning of a text,such as rereading and substituting an appropriate familiar word for an unfamiliar one.As a reading strategy,the strategy that is used while reading other literary texts might be applied.Strategies are the varied processes a reader uses to make meaning from written language.Students also use comprehension strategies by determining important information,using their background knowledge,making connections and so on.DiagramTo read the written form as meaningful languageTo be described roughly as a cognitive abilityTo read anything written with independenceThe Definition of SkillsTo mentally interact with the messageDiagramDefined as a purposeful means of comprehending the authors messageDefined as a deliberate action that readers take voluntarily to develop an understanding of what they readReading behaviors recognized as skimminga text to get the general idea,scanning a text for a specific piece of information,making contextual guesses about the meanings of unknown words,skippingunknown words,tolerating ambiguity,making predictions,confirming or disconfirming inferences,identifyingthe main idea,rereading,and using cognates to comprehend.Definition of StrategiesDiagramTITLEWordattackskillsletthereaderfigureoutWordattackskillsletthereaderfigureoutnewwordsnewwordsComprehensionskillshelpthereadertoComprehensionskillshelpthereadertospeedrecognitionspeedrecognitionFluencyskillshelpthereadersseelargerFluencyskillshelpthereadersseelargersegmentssegmentsCriticalreadingskillshelpthereaderseeCriticalreadingskillshelpthereaderseetherelationshiptherelationshipDiagram In an everyday sense,this would refer to using a dictionary or the Yellow Pages.Academically,you may be looking for key phrases or specific chapters/theories and will have a good idea of what you want to find.Therefore,scanning is really about deciding if a resource is going to be useful or not.Diagram072.Use the contents page and subheadings to get a general idea of its suitability.1.Look out for bold,italic or different font prints3.Use your finger to guide you down the page and maintain focusTipsofscanning4.Scan for specific words or key phrasesDiagramOneyouhavescannedaresourceanddecidedthatitissuitableforyourpurpose,youmaythenwantskimreadforfurtherinformation.Thisisusedforgettingthegistofatextwithoutpainstakinglyreadingwordforwordwithaninternalmonologue.Theactofreadingchangessothatyouread3to4wordsatatime.Ausefulwaytothinkaboutthisistoconsiderindividuallettersinawordyoudontreadeachletterbutseethewholeword.Thesameappliestoskimreadingyoudontreadeachwordbutseeclustersofinformation.DiagramUse organizational features of the texts,and read further away from the text than what you would normally doDont let your eyes move from left to right as this encourages word for word reading.Instead,try to keep your eyes still with a loose focus down the middle of the text.TipsofSkimmingTipsofSkimmingPractice,practice,practice!You will only develop these skills if you practice them.It may be easier to start off with light reading at first.Diagram Scanning allows you to locate information quickly.Skimming allows you to digest the main ideas of a text quickly.Sometimes,you will need to spend more time on a particular extract.Detailed reading sets aside more time for you to focus on the essence of what you are looking for.Detailed readingDiagramDo it in combination with scanning and skimming so that you can allocate your time efficiently and effectively.Make it interactive using highlighting or note-taking to record important aspects.ConnectionStrategyisdifferentfromtheSkillwhichliesinitsintentionalordeliberate.Anewlyformedskillthroughtheconscioususecanbecomestrategy.Atthesametime,thestrategiescanalsobetransformedintoskills.Inshort,theskillisessentiallyanautomatedoperationalcapability,whilethestrategyistoaddresstheconsciousactionofanissue.DiagramReading strategies are reader-oriented,while reading skills are text-orientedReading strategies are the action of readers consciously,and reading skills are unconscious or automated behaviors of readers.Different with reading skills,reading strategies is a question of representationSkills refer to information-processing techniques that are automatic,while strategies are actions selected deliberately to achieve particular goals.In the present world,people has been using English for business communication.As the people who are from non-native English speaking countries,how do they learn this language,separately as their second language?And what do they use,skills or strategies?AnswersStrategy 1:Memorizing English word with the related mother tongue word through rote learning2:Understanding,memorizing English word and forming your own sentence using the same word.3:Memorizing English words just by following a blind logic 4:Gathering and jotting down new words wherever and whenever you come across them5:The radical way to improve your English and also tease your brain for creativity is to jot down a list of 5 or 10 words rand only from dictionary;start writing a story using those words.a.Keeppaperandpenwithinreach.b.Writeasyouread.c.Keepback-groundnoisetoaminimumd.Readsittingup,withagoodlight,atadeskortable.DiagramSkillsandstrategieshaveanimportantrelationshiptoeachother.Ourunderstandingofskillsisrootedinbehavioralpsychology,inwhichskillsareroutinehabitswhichhavebeenacquiredthroughpracticeandrepetition.Strategies,ontheotherhand,aregoal-directedanddeliberate.Botharenecessary,andtheproblemwithseparatingskillsandstrategiesintoseparatefeaturesoflearningisthatweoverlookthewaysinwhichtheyarebothdirectedtothesameend,whichisfluentandefficientperformance.ThankYou!