新概念英语1-Lesson143-144.doc

(完整word)新概念英语1 Lesson143-144
Lesson 143 A walk through the woods
Lesson 144 He hasn’t been served yet He will be served soon
一 本课重点
语法：现在完成时态和一般将来时态被动语态
二 单词详解
1 surround
v. 包围，围绕 The beautiful white house is surrounded by green trees.
He was surrounded by the soldiers。
2 place
v。 放，放置 He placed the books on the shelf.
安置，任命 There’s a no better way to place the homeless children.
One can not be in two places at once. 一心不可二用。
n．地方
3 wood 木头，木材 树木 woods 小树林
forest 森林 可数名词
Even woods have ears。 隔墙有耳
4 throw – threw – thrown
throw away 扔掉
5 beauty spot 风景点 tourist attraction 游览胜地
beauty 美好；美人；完美 She is known as a great beauty。
Beauty and the Beast 美女与野兽
spot 场地，场所 on the spot 在现场,当场 He got the job on the spot。
6 rubbish 垃圾; 无意义的东西； 废话； 劣质的东西
household rubbish 家庭垃圾
He’s talking rubbish。 他在胡说八道。
garbage <美〉垃圾， 废物;. 垃圾场；垃圾箱;垃圾桶
在英国英语中,rubbish最常用来表示丢弃的废物，但是在美国英语中garbage和trash更为常用，
litter 废弃物; 小的垃圾 （纸片、铅笔头）
还可以是动词扔垃圾 乱丢杂物 Please do not litter.
7 hundred
① three hundred / hundreds of
② hundreds of thousands of 成百上千的
8 city sleepless city 不夜城
我是一个lady，住在这个city,样子像个baby，经常缺少money，只因自lazy,不太爱去stu
dy,偶尔感到lonely，生活让我crazy，就去上网happy，最近有点heavy，减肥不太easy，看戏
喜欢funny,性格有点hurry,我是不是有点silly？
8 count
V. I counted the money， it was far from enough.
count on 依靠，依赖 You can count on my help.
9 cover
V 覆盖，遮蔽 The desk was covered with papers.
掩护You go first。 I’ll cover you
Steal a bell with one's ears covered. 掩耳盗铃
n. 封皮,封面 the cover of the book
遮盖物，掩护 They move under cover of darkness
10 across 横穿，穿过，特指从一边到另一边 swim across the river / walk across the street
over 越过，翻越过去 climb over the mountain
through 穿过 特指从某空间内部穿过 go through the forest
through: ① 表示时间，在……期间 He stay abroad all through the year。
② 表示方向，从一端到另一端 He went through the forest。
③ 表示状态,经历,渡过 I hope I can go through this。
11 piece块,片,段，截
a piece of cake/ paper/ wood
12 visitor 客人，访问者,旅游者
visit v。 visit my old friend
n。 pay a visit to sp./sb
tourist 观光旅游者
13 tyre 轮胎,可数名词 美语中常用tire
14 tidy keep it tidy/ clean and tidy
15 rusty a rusty iron gate 一个生锈的铁门
16 litter The street is full of litter。
No litter。请勿乱扔垃圾
litter basket 垃圾筐
17 among 三者或三者以上之间 between 两者之间
18 prosecute 依法处置
① 起诉，检举，依法处置 They prosecuted him for stealing。
② 彻底进行，执行，履行 I am trying my best to prosecute my duties
二 课文详解
1．I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods。 我住在一个由美丽的树林环绕的古老的小镇上。
这是一个主从复合句，which is surrounded by ... 为定语从句，修饰town。which 指代 town 。从句用的是被动语态，be surrounded by“被.。.。。。所包围"，如果将从句独立为一个句子，则为：My town is surrounded by beautiful woods.
2 It is a famous beauty spot。
①beauty spot 风景点 tourist attraction 游览胜地
② be famous for /as
3 On Sundays， hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk through the woods。
① on Sundays 是泛指“在星期天”，而不是指在某个星期天。
② hundreds of people，数以百计的（游）人。复数形式表概数，“数以。。。..。计的”与 of 连用，作名词的修饰语，其后面的名词必然是复数形式。
③ to see our town and to walk through the woods 为不定式短语作目的状语。这里用 and 连接的两个动词不定式。
④ 介词through，“穿过”，强调纵深向,如:walk through the forest 穿过森林：而 across 强调横向,如：walk across the street 横穿街道
4 Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy．游客已被告知要保持树林的整洁。
① 现在完成时的被动语态,说明需求的行为应为游客所知.
be asked to do sth. I am asked to finish the homework first。
② to keep the woods clean and tidy 是动词不定式短语 keep sb/ sth adj. adj是宾补
clean and tidy 表示“整洁的，清洁的"这是英语中的常用结构,其它常见的类似结构还有:black and blue 青一块紫一块；happy and gay 高高兴兴 heart and soul 全心全意，一心一意
5 Litter baskets have been placed under the trees， but people still throw their rubbish everywhere.
① litter baskets
② throw sth everywhere 把……扔得到处都是
6 Last Wednesday， I went for a walk in the woods。 What I saw made me very sad
①go for a walk去散步 = take a walk
②What I saw made me very sad 主语从句
例如：What the little boy did surprised his mother. / What you do makes me happy.
make sb adj。/n 使某人…… make me happy
8。 The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper，cigarette ends，old tyres，empty bottles and rusty tins。
① and连接的并列句 and 用在最后一个并列成分之前
②be covered with 。。. 被 。.。。.. 覆盖
The desks are covered with dust。 / The ground was covered with snow。
③ cigarette ends
9。 Among the rubbish ， I found a sign which said “Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted！”
①这是一个主从复合句，who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone 。will be prosecuted 为将来时的被动语态。
Anyone who comes to the party is welcome. 该晚会来者不拒
③ sign标志，手势
② said 表示，显示,写着 The clock says three o’clock。
四 重点语法
上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式，这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式：
（1）现在完成时形式: has/have + been + 过去分词:
The basket has already been emptied。 篮子已经被腾空了。
They have already been invited. 他们已被邀请。
(2）一般将来时形式： will/shall +be +过去分词:
The floor will be swept soon。 地不久就会扫的。
The house will be cleaned soon。 刀不久就会磨的.

143-144（6）