现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结.doc

现在完成式中瞬间性动词如何变为延续性动词。
在完成式中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作如buy，borrow,die,leave,begin,join等)不能与表示一段时间的状语(for, since, how long等)连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词.
如：He borrowed a book two days ago.(用现在完成式表达）
He has kept the book for two days.
他持有这本书两年了。
1、他三年前买了一辆车。___________________________________
2、他两年前参了军。 ___________________________________
答案：1、He has had a car for three years.或He has bought a car. 或He bought a car three years ago.
2、 He has been in the army for two years.或He has joined the army.
He joined the army two years ago.
切记：有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词：
非延续性动词
延续性动词
非延续性动词
延续性动词
leave
be away
join
be in/be a member of
borrow
keep
open
be open
buy
have
fall ill
be ill
begin/start
be on
get up
be up
die
be dead
catch a cold
have a cold
move to
live in
come here
be here
end／finish
be over
go there
be there
come back
be back
get to/ arrive / reach
be in
get to know
know
put on
wear
go (get) out
be out
become
be

His father has died.
His father has been dead for three years.
他父亲已经去世三年了。
　　She has joined the Party/League.
She has been in the Party/ League for two months.=She has been a Party/ League member for two months.
他已经入党/团两个月了。
　　The film has started/begun.
The film has been on/ lasted since 5 minutes ago.
电影已经开始5分钟了。
　　He has gone to Yangzhou.
He has been in Yangzhou for 3 days.
他已经去扬州三天了。
【习题】When Jack arrived he learned Mary __________ for almost an hour．(leave)
答案：had been away