英语人教版八年级下册8单元-PPT.ppt

Section A Grammer Focus1听说听说关于关于出去出去充满充满完成做某事完成做某事长大，成长长大，成长放下；记下放下；记下至少至少书的背面书的背面赶快；快点赶快；快点两星期后两星期后 hear of be about go out full of finish doing grow up put down at least the back of the book hurry up in two weeks1.Have you heard of these books?2.Have you ever read Little Women yet?No,I havent./Yes,Ive already read it.3.Whats it like?Whats it about?4.Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.5.Robinson Crusoe is a classic.6.Steve,have you decided yet which book to write about for English class?7.Its about four sisters growing up.8.I couldnt put it down.9.Im only on page 25.10.Have you at least read the back of the book to see what its about?11.You should hurry up.12.The book report is due in two weeks.1.你听说过这些书吗？你听说过这些书吗？2.你读过你读过小妇人小妇人吗？吗？不，我没读过。不，我没读过。/是的，我已经读过了。是的，我已经读过了。3.它怎么它怎么样？它是关于什么的？它是关于什么的？4.雾都孤儿都孤儿是关于一个男孩出海，并是关于一个男孩出海，并发现 了一个充了一个充满宝藏的宝藏的岛屿（的故事）。（的故事）。5.鲁滨逊漂流记鲁滨逊漂流记是一部名著。是一部名著。6.斯蒂夫，你决定英语课写哪本书了吗？斯蒂夫，你决定英语课写哪本书了吗？7.它是关于四姐妹成长的故事。它是关于四姐妹成长的故事。8.我对它爱不释手。我对它爱不释手。9.我只看到第我只看到第25页。页。10.你至少看了书的背面，了解了这本书的大意你至少看了书的背面，了解了这本书的大意 了吧？了吧？11.你要赶快了。你要赶快了。12.读书报告的上交期限只有两周了。读书报告的上交期限只有两周了。的标记的标记在沙滩上在沙滩上还有谁在我的岛上还有谁在我的岛上在那以后不久在那以后不久一个一个另一个另一个朝着朝着跑跑叫他星期五叫他星期五已教了已教了在在中间中间留下；遗留留下；遗留在岛上在岛上一无所有一无所有已发现已发现带回带回已失去已失去放弃放弃等待等待砍树砍树建房子建房子带着枪出去带着枪出去捕猎动物和鸟为食捕猎动物和鸟为食学习做学习做种植水果和蔬菜种植水果和蔬菜have lostlose-lost-lostlearn to do sth.learn from 向向学习学习learn by oneself 自学自学learn about/of 得知；获悉得知；获悉5fiction n.science fiction technology n.French n.小说小说科幻小说科幻小说(或影片等或影片等)科技；工艺科技；工艺法语法语New Words6大家应该也有点累了，稍作休息大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流7现在完成时态现在完成时态Present perfectGrammar Focus定义：定义：1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造 成的影响或结果。成的影响或结果。e.g.Have you had your lunch yet?Yes,I have.Ive just had it.(现在我不饿了。现在我不饿了。)2.表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延 续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。e.g.I havent seen her these days.Ive known Bob for three years.Ive been at this school for over two years.结构：结构：主语主语+have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词助动词助动词否定否定haventhasnt疑问疑问Have you?Has he?10句式：句式：1.肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词 (+其他其他)2.否定句：主语否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去过去 分词分词(+其他其他)3.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语主语+过去过去 分词分词(+其他其他)4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+have/has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词(+其其他他)I have finished my homework.I have not finished my homework.-Have you finished your homework?-Yes,I have./No,I havent.What have you just finished?Who have just finished homework?11过去分词变化规则：过去分词变化规则：(过去式和过去分词的变化相同过去式和过去分词的变化相同)规则变化：规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：。如：pick picked picked;wish wished wished;stay stayed stayed2.以不发音的以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加结尾的动词后面加d。如：。如：like liked liked;hope hoped hoped;phone phoned phoned3.以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的动词结尾的动词,变变y为为i,再加再加-ed.如：如：study studied studied;hurry hurried hurried;reply replied replied4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加音字母，再加-ed。如：。如：stop stopped stopped;clap clapped clapped12不规则变化：不规则变化：5.以不变应万变。如：以不变应万变。如：let let let;put put put;read read read6.若中间有双写若中间有双写e，则去掉一个，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加，单词末尾再加t。如：。如：feel felt felt;keep kept kept;sleep slept slept7.结尾的字母结尾的字母d变变t。如：。如：lend lent lent;build built built;send sent sent8.变为以变为以-ought或或-aught结尾。如：结尾。如：buy bought bought;bring brought brought;catch caught caught;teach taught taught13had breakfastmoved herein 2011现在完成时现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already,never,ever,just,before,yet,so far 等状等状语连用。语连用。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与常与for或或since引起的一段时间状语连用。引起的一段时间状语连用。动词构成：动词构成：have/has+v过去分词过去分词I have just had my breakfast.(现在我不饿现在我不饿)Im not hungry nowI still live hereI have lived here for three years.I have lived here since 2011/three years ago.nowpastalready和和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标都可以作为现在完成时的标志词，但它们的用法不同。志词，但它们的用法不同。yet常用于常用于现在完成在完成时的一般疑的一般疑问句或否定句的句末。句或否定句的句末。用于疑用于疑问句句时，意，意为“已已经”；用于否定句用于否定句时，意，意为“还”。not yet 常用在答常用在答语中，意中，意为“尚未；尚未；还没有没有”already 一一般般用用于于肯肯定定句句，常常放放于于句句中中，实义动词之之前前，助助动词之后。之后。用于疑用于疑问句句时表示惊表示惊讶，出乎意料。，出乎意料。标志词：标志词：1.现在完成时常和现在完成时常和 just,already,yet,ever,never,before,several times,sometimes,always,often,once,twice,so far 等连用。等连用。e.g.1)Have you _been to Japan?2)I have _ finished my homework.3)I have finished my homework _.4)I havent finished my homework _.everjustalreadyyet注意：注意：just,already,yet,before,ever,never有此类副词时有此类副词时,常强调动作完成常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续不强调动作的持续.5)She has already finished her work.她已经把工作做完了。她已经把工作做完了。6)I havent read the story yet.我还没读过这个故事。我还没读过这个故事。7)Have you met him before?你从前曾见过他吗？你从前曾见过他吗？8)Lily has always been a good student.Lily一直是个好学生。一直是个好学生。(1)for+表示一段时间的短语表示一段时间的短语(2)since+表示过去时间点的词语表示过去时间点的词语(3)since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句表示过去时间的时间状语从句(4)since+一段时间一段时间+ago2.表示从过去一直持续到现在。表示从过去一直持续到现在。eg.I have studied English since last year.我从去年开始学习英语。我从去年开始学习英语。She has lived in Beijing for five years.她住在北京已经五年了。她住在北京已经五年了。1.I _(join)the book club last month and I _(read)five books already.2.I only _(start)taking French classes last week and I _(learn)50 French words already.2 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.joinedhave readstartedhave learnt/learned3.Tony _(buy)a pop music CD yesterday but he _(listen)to it yet.4.They _(listen)to many songs by The Beatles,but they cannot _(sing)any of them.5.She _(see)the newspaper on the table this morning,but she _ (have)any time to read it yet.boughthasnt listenedhave listenedsingsawhasnt had注意注意:come,go,leave,arrive,buy,lose,receive,join,die,buy 和和 marry 等动词所表示的动作是等动词所表示的动作是一时的一时的,不能延续的不能延续的,故不能与故不能与for,since 等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过,这些这些词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，即动作的不发生是可以持续的。即动作的不发生是可以持续的。e.g.I have been a teacher _ a year.He has been at this school _ 1992.We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.The film has been on _ two hours _.forsincesincesinceago不能说不能说:*He has come to Beijing for two years.*He has bought that book for three weeks.*He has joined the Army for one and a half years.*His grandma has died for nine months.*I have received his letter for a month.可以说可以说:He has been in Beijing for two years.He has had that book for three weeks.He has been in the army for one and a half years.His grandma has been dead for nine months.I havent received his letter for almost a month.现在完成时：现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，的是现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间状语不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：连用（如：in 1990in 1990，last Sunday last Sunday 等）。等）。一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。语连用。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：I have cleaned my room.(My room is clean now.)我已经打扫过我的房间了。我已经打扫过我的房间了。I cleaned my room last week.(I did it in the past.)我上周打扫了我的房间。我上周打扫了我的房间。活学活用活学活用1.Write the forms of the past tense and past participle:drink _ _ see _ _ find _ _ leave _ _ tell _ _drank drunksaw seenfound foundleft lefttold told Why is Mr.Yang still in the teachers office?Maybe he _ his work yet.A.doesnt finish B.hasnt finished C.havent finishedB231.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before,_?A.havent you B.have you C.do you D.dont you2.I have watched the game.When _ you _ it?A.have;watched B.do;watch C.did;watch D.will;watch3.Mr.Green _ in China since five years ago.A.lived B.has lived C.lives D.is going to live4.His grandma _ for two years.A.died B.has died C.was dead D.has been dead BCBD5.-Where is Han Mei now?-She _ to Taian.She will be back in two days.A.has gone B.has been C.goes D.had gone6.-_ you _to the United States?-No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago.A.Have;been B.Have;gone C.Did;go D.Do;go7.You havent changed your mind,_?A.do you B.are you C.have you D.did you8.How long have you _ the football team of the school?A.played B.been at C.joined D.been on AACD9.-Where have you _ these days?-I have _ to Kunming with my friends.A.been,gone B.been,been C.gone,been D.gone,gone10.How long have you _ this book?A.bought B.borrowed C.had D.lent11.-Excuse me,_ you seen the film yet?-Yes,I _ it last night.A.have,see B.have,have seen C.have,seen D.have,saw12.He has never ridden a horse before,_?A.is he B.isnt he C.hasnt he D.has heBCDD()【2013广西贵港】广西贵港】Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand?Yes.I _ it twice.Its funny.A.saw B.see C.have seen D.will see()【2013黑龙江牡丹江】黑龙江牡丹江】Lunch?No,thanks.I_.A.will eat B.am eating C.have eaten()【2013 湖北黄冈】湖北黄冈】-Where is Tom?We cant find him anywhere.-Perhaps he _ home.A.has come B.is going C.went D.was goingCCA27改写句子改写句子1.My father came back from the library just now.My father _ just _ _ the library.2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001.He _ _ Chinese since 2001.3.The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ since two minutes ago.4.He has had the motorbike for two years.Its two years _he _ the motorbike.He _ the motorbike two years _.Two years _ _ since he _ the motor bike.hasreturned fromhaslearnedhas been on sinceboughtboughtagohas passedbought1.A:Would you like something to drink?B:No,thanks._.(just/drink some tea)2.A:I heard you lost your key._?(find)B:No,not yet.3.A:Do you know when Tom is leaving?B:_.(already/leave)A:When _?(leave)B:This morning.4.A:Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight?B:No._.(already/see the film)5.A:What do your parents think about our plan?B:I _.(not/tell them/yet)4a I have just drunk some teaHave you found itHe has already leftdid he leaveShe has already seen the filmhavent told them yet Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the brackets.Sally _(love)reading.In the morning shereads the newspaper and in the evening she readsbooks.She _ already _(read)more than 100different books.Her favorite kind of books isscience fiction.She is interested in science andtechnology and loves to imagine what the world_(be)like in 50 years.She _(finish)reading a book about robots last week and_(write)a book report about it next weekfor her French class.Every time she is in thelibrary,Sally looks at the many books she_(not read)yet and she cant wait toread them.loveshasreadwill befinishedwill writehasnt read4bGroupwork Complete the chart with information about you and your friend.A:What books have you already read?B:I have already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter.A:What do you think of them?B:Well,I think Harry Potter was exciting,but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring.4cthink aboutthink ofmore thanher favorite kind of booksscience fictionbe interested inevery timecant wait to doa bit boring考虑考虑认为认为多余多余她最喜欢的书种她最喜欢的书种科幻小说科幻小说对对感兴趣感兴趣每一次每一次迫不及待地做某事迫不及待地做某事有点无聊有点无聊 cant wait to do迫不及待地做某事迫不及待地做某事我迫不及待地要阅读这本书。我迫不及待地要阅读这本书。I cant wait to read the book.cant help/stop doing忍不住做某事；情不自禁地做某事忍不住做某事；情不自禁地做某事cant stand doing无法忍受做某事无法忍受做某事