大学英语四级真题详解.pdf

2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题详解(新)P art I WritingSampleHow Should P arents Help Children to Be Independent(1)T here is no doubt that loving parents do not hesitate to help their children一(2)best illustrated by the fact that many parents nowadays are basically taking care of every single detail in their childrens lives.However,when caring goes too far,it can(3)do more harm than good.After all,independence(4)is essential for adulthood.T o help the children achieve their own independence,parents can take the following steps.First and foremost,(5)have faith in the children.Instead of wondering whether they could manage,just trust them in action.Secondly,encourage the children to handle things independently.Independence does not(6)appear from thin air,and practice will make perfect.Last but not least,be patient and stay positive to children，s failures.(7)More often than not,what children need is a little instruction to get over difficulties.In conclusion,independence is not only a precious quality,but also plays a vital role in survival and success.T herefore,parents should(8)go to great lengths to prepare their children for being independent.Analysis(1)there is no doubt“毫无疑问”(2)best illustrated by”是最好的例证”(3)do more harm than good 弊大于利”(4)be essential for”对来说至关重要“(5)have faith in“对有信心”(6)appear from thin air 凭空出现”(7)more often than not”通常，往往”(8)go to great lengths 不遗余力”P art II R eading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1.A)一步到位根据题干关键词profound belief定位到第一段末句：It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature,but we all seek nature,whether we know we are doing so or not.由该句可知，作者深深地相信这一 点：我们不仅都需要自然，还都追求自然。A)项符合文意。其中A)项中的 instinctively是倒数第二句中的原词，in different ways是对第一段中人们 追求自然的各种方式的概括。2.D)一步到位根据题干关键词for children定位到第二段末句：.odd new perceptions about what is best for children,that is to say,things that can be bought,rather than things that can be found.由该句可知，现在 的人们对什么最适合孩子的问题有一种新的、奇怪的理解：能够买到的东西对孩 子最好，而不是能够找到的东西。D)项符合文意。其中的purchased是原句中 buy的同义替换。3.B）一步到位根据题干关键词Sweden和study定位到第四段首句:A study inSweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground.由该句可知，瑞典的一项研究显示，与那 些仅习惯在普通游乐场玩耍的孩子相比，能自然环境里玩耍的幼儿园儿童更少得 病、有更好的身体能力。B）项符合文意。其中B）项的access to与原文第四段 第二句中的原词，less likely to fall ill是原文have less illness的同义 转述。4.D）一步到位根据题干关键词explore natural areas定位到第六段第一 句：.the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore.由该句可知，在鼓励孩子们探索的自然环境下，恃强凌 弱的案例发生率低。D）项符合文意。5.B）一步到位根据题干关键词help和children with ADHD定位到第八段第、二句：Yet one study after another indicates that contact with naturegives huge benefits to ADHD children.However,we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.由该句可知，研究表明，接触自然给患多动症 的孩子带来巨大益处。然而，我们却将钱花在药物上，而没有花在绿地上。由此 推测，作者建议将钱花在绿地上，帮助患有多动症的儿童。B）项符合文意。6.B）一步到位根据题干关键词elderly people,contact with nature定位 至ll第九段末句：And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.由该句可知,许多研究发现，在 寻找生活质量时，唯一最重要的东西是花园。即与自然接触时，老人能够享受更 高质量的生活。B）项符合文意。7.C）一步到位根据题干关键词William Bird定位到第T段第一句：Dr William Bird.states in his stud5r,“A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.”由该句可知，自然环境能减少暴力行为，帮助减少愤怒 和冲动行为。C）项符合文意。C）项中的reduction of violence是原句reduce violent behavior的同义转述,contribute to是原文help的同义替换。8.separable一步到位根据题干关键词harmful和humanity and natural world定位 至ll第十二段第二句：but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging,由该句可知，认为人与自然世 界是可分离的事物的想法是非常有害的。题干中的extremely harmful是原文 profoundly damaging 的同义转述。9.the wild world一步到位根据题干关键词civilised定位到第十四段第二句：Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised,由该句可知，没有了 自 然世界，我们不是更文明，而是更落后。题干中的not so civilised是原文less civilised的同义转述。10.harmony一步到位根据题干关键词 five suggestions 和 with the natural world 定位到文中最后的小标题：Five ways to find harmony with the natural world 由该标题可知，下面的五条建议是为了帮助人们找到与自然和谐的方法。题干中 的seek是小标题中find的同义替换。P art III Listening ComprehensionSection A11.M:Oh my god!T he heat is simply unbearable here.I wish we，ve gone to the beach instead.W:Well,with the museums and restaurants in Washington,I 11 be happy here no matter what the temperature.Q:What does the woman mean?12.M:How，s the new job going?W:Well,r m learning a lot of new things,but I wish the director would give me some feedback.Q:What does the woman want to know?13.W:Can you help me work out a physical training program,John?M:Sure,but whatever you do,be careful not to overdo it.Last time I had two weeks worth of weightlifting in three days and I hurt myself.Q:What does the man suggest the woman do?14.M:I have an elderly mother and Im worried about her going on a plane.Is there any risk?W:N ot if her heart is all right.If she has a heart condition,Id recommend against it.Q:What does the man want to know about his mother?15.M:Why didn，t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads?W:Sorry,I was just a bit absent-minded.Anyway,do I have to pay a fine?Q:What do we learn from the conversation?16.M:r m no expert,but that noise in your refrigerator doesn，t sound right.Maybe you should have it fixed.W:Youre right.And I suppose Ive put it off long enough.Q:What will the woman probably do?17.M:I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment.N ow,I have enough money to buy that piece of land Ive had my eye on and build a house on it.W:Congratulations!Does that mean you5 11 be moving soon?Q:What do we learn about the man from the conversation?18.W:My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.I wonder if I broke something.M:r m no doctor,but its not black and blue or anything.Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days.Q:What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?Conversation OneM:Mrs.Dawson,thanks very much for coming clown to the station.I just 1 ike to go over some of the things that you told police officer P armer at the bank.W:All right.M:(19)could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that were filling out here?N ow,anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.W:Well,just,I can only remember basically what I said before.M:T hats all right.W:(20)T he.man was tall,em.,six feet,and he had dark hair,and he had moustache.M:Very good.All right,did he have any other distinguishing marks?W:U rn,no,none that I can remember.M:Do you remember how old he was by any chance?W:Em.well,I guess around 30,maybe younger,give or take a few years.M:U r,hum,all right.Do you remember anything about what he was wearing?W:Yes,yes,he had on a dark sweater,a solid color.M:OK U m.anything else that strikes you at the moment?W:I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater.Yes,yes.M:All right.Mrs.Dawson,I really appreciate what youve been through today.(21)Im just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you dont mind.It won5 t take very long.Can you do that for me?W:Oh,of course.M:Would you like to step this way with me,please?W:OK,sure.M:T hank you.Conversation T woW:Good morning,(22)Im calling about the job that was in the paper last night.M:Well,could you tell me your name?W:Candidate Foreset.M:Oh yes.What exactly is it that interests you about the job?W:Well,I thought it was just right for me.M:R eally?U m.Could you tell me a little about yourself?W:Yes.I5 m 23.Ive been working abroad.M:Where exactly have you been working?W:In Geneva.M:Oh,Geneva.And what were you doing there?W:(24)Secretarial work.P revious to that,I was at university.M:Which university was that?W:T he U niversity of Manchester.Ive got a degree in English.M:You said you，ve been working in Geneva.(23)Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back?W:I thought it would be nice to be nearer to the family.M:I see,and how do you see yourself developing in this job?W:Well,r m ambitious.I do hope that nay career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.M:I see.You have foreign languages?W:French and Italian.M:Well,I think the best thing for you to do is to reply a writing to the advertisement.W:Cant I arrange for an interview now?M:(25)Well,Im afraid we must wait until all the applications are in,in writing,and then decide on the short list.If you are on the short list,of course we should see you.W:Oh,I see.M:(25)I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two.W:Oh,yes,yes,certainly.M:Ok,thank you very much.Goodbye.W:T hank you.Goodbye.Section BP assage OneOne of the greatest heartbreaks for firefighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child,frightened by smoke and noise,hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead.(26)Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked firefighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster.(27)T o prevent such tragedies,firefighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community,explaining that they should never hide during a fire,lie displays firefighters equipment,including the oxygen mask,which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on.If you see us,Velez tells them,dont hide!We are not monsters.We have come to rescue you.“Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish.Growing up in San Francisco,he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents.Velez and other firefighters throughout N orth America,who give similar presentations,will never know how many lives they save through their talks.(29)But its a fact that informative speaking saves lives.For example,several months after listening to an informative speech,(28)P ete Gentry in N orth Carolina rescued his brother who was choking on food,by using the method taught by student speaker,Julie P aris.In addition to saving lives,informative speakers help people learn new skills,solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live.P assage T wo(30)Some people want to make and save a lot of money in order to retire early.I see people pursuing higher paying and increasingly demanding careers to accomplish this goal.T hey make many personal sacrifices in exchange for income today.T he problem is that tomorrow might not come.Even if it all goes according to plan,will you know how to be happy when you are not working if you spend your entire life making money?More importantly,who will be around for you to share your leisure time with?At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why Bother saving when I might not be here tomorrow,they argue.T he danger of this approach is that tomorrow may come after all.And most people don，t want to spend al 1 their tomorrows working for a living.(31)T he earlier neglect of saving,however,makes it difficult not to work when you are older.You maybe surprise to hear me say that if you must pick an extreme I think its better to pick the spend-all approach.As long as you dont mind continuing to work,assuming your health allows,you should be OK.At least,you are making use of your money,and hopefully deriving value and pleasure from it.(32)P ostponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.It may never come.R etirement can be a great time for some people.For others,it is a time of boredom,loneliness and poor health.P assage T hree(33)Imagine that someone in your neighbourhood broke the law,and the judge put the whole neighbourhood under suspicion.How fair will that be?Well,it happens everyday to high schoolers.Just because some students have stolen things in shops,all of us are treated like thieves.Even though Id never steal.Store employees looked at me like Im some kind of hardened criminal.For example,during one lunch period,my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore R estaurant to have a hot dog.We arrived to find a line of students waiting outside.A new sign in the window told the story.(34)“N o More T han T wo Students At A T ime”.After 15 minutes,we finally got in.But the store manager laid the evil eye on us.I asked him about the new sign,and he said,“You kids are stealing too much stuff.You kids?T oo much stuff?We were not only assumed to be thieves,but brilliant,greedy thieves.T he most annoying thing though,is the way employees watched my friends and me.Its horrible.Once,at a drug store,I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box,stocking the shelves.(35)He was watching my hands,more than he was watching his own.I showed him that my hands were empty.He got down off his box and rushed off,as if he was going to get the store manager.How crazy is that!Section CWriting keeps us in touch with other people.We write to communicate with relatives and friends.We write to(36)preserve our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and(37)appreciate their heritage.With computers and Internet connections in so many(38)households,colleges,and businesses,people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time or talking to them in writing in online(39)chat rooms.It is cheaper than calling long distance,and a lot more(40)convenient than waiting until Sunday for the telephone(41)rates to drop.Students are e-mailing their professors to(42)receive and discuss their classroom assignments and to(43)submit them.T hey are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework.(44)T hey are also sharing information about concerts and sports events as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.Despite the growing importance of computers,however,there will always be a place and need for the personal letter.(45)A handwritten note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.N o matter what the content of the message,its real point is,“I want you to know that I care about you.(46)T his writing practice beings rewards that cannot be seen in bank accounts,but only in the success of human relationships.11.D)She enjoys staying in Washington.一步到位男士说华盛顿的气温让人难以忍受，并认为本应该选择去海边；女士觉得华盛顿有很多博物馆和餐馆，尽管温度很高，她也乐此不疲。故选D)项。12.D)T he directors opinion of her work.一步到位男士问女士的工作状况，女士说自己学习了很多新东西，但希 望上司能给自己一些反馈。故选D)项。13.C)Avoid excessive physical training.一步到位女士请男士为她制定一份健身训练计划；男士建议运动不能过 量，他说自己在三天里做了两周的负重训练的运动量，结果自己受伤了。故选 C)项。14.C)Whether she can travel by air.一步到位男士说自己的母亲年事已高，并询问母亲上飞机有无危险。故 选C)项。15.C)T he woman had violated traffic regulations.一步到位男士说他在交叉路口处示意女士停车，问女士为什么没有停车；女士说自己刚才有点走神，并询问是不是需要交罚款。故选C)项。16.B)Have someone repair the refrigerator.一步到位男士说冰箱的噪音听上去不正常，并建议女士去修理一下；女 士赞同男士的建议，并说自己拖了很长时间。故选B)项。17.C)He can finally do what he has dreamed of.一步到位男士说自己在市中心的公寓卖得很好，现在有足够的钱去买下 自己梦想已久的片地，并在上面建一栋房子。故选C)项。18.D)She got hurt in an accident yesterday.一步到位女士说自己昨天在冰上摔倒了，到现在手还在疼，是不是骨折 T;男士说女士手上没有淤青，所以可能只需要让手休息几天。故选D)项。19.What do we learn about the woman?D)She was a witness to the crime.一步到位男士问女士可否描述抢劫银行的男子，由此推测男士是警察，而女士是银行抢劫案的目击者。故选D)项。未听先知19题考查某女士的身份；20题考查某男士的体貌特征；21题 选项全部为动词短语，可能考查动作。由bank,robbery,witness,gun,suspect 推测对话可能与某位目击者对银行抢劫案的描述有关。20.What did the suspect look like?A)A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.一步到位女士描述抢劫犯时说，他个子高，有六英尺，深