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(完整版)情态动词的用法及专项练习
情态动词的用法
一. 分类:
1。只做情态动词:can(could)、may( might)、must.。。。后接动词原形。
2。可做情态动词又可做实义动词。如:need,dare
3.具有情态动词特征:have(has,had)to,used to(过去常常)。
二. 情态动词的用法:情态动词后接动词原形
1. must的用法
1)must意为“必须;应该;一定”。表示说话人的主观意志,表示必须要做的。如:
We must finish reading the book in two weeks. 我们必须在两周内看完这本书.
2)表示说话人对事物的推测,语气比may肯定,只用于肯定句中。Must be译为“一定是"如:
Mr。 Liu must be in the office. 刘老师一定在办公室.
3) 用must提问时,如果是否定回答,多用needn’t或don’t have to,表示“不必,没必要”,而mustn’t表示“绝对不行,不可以,禁止"的意思.如:
——-Must I finish my homework now?
———Yes,you must. —--No,you needn’t/don’t have to
4)have to意为“必须;不得不”,有人称、时态和数的变化,后跟动词原形,表示客观需要。如:
When I was your age,I already had to work。
2. can的用法:
1)can意为“能;会;可以”。表示能力,其否定式是cannot=can’t。如:She can sing. 她会唱歌.
2)表示请求许可。Can I .。. ? 意思是“我可以……吗?",较口语化。
3)can的过去式是could,如:Lucy could swim at the age of five。 露西五岁时就会游泳了。
could也可表示较can更为委婉的语气.如:Could you help me? 帮帮我好吗?
4)can表示推测时,常用于否定句和疑问句中。Can’t be“不可能是”,若是疑问句,其肯定回答用may或must。
如:—Where can it be? 它会在哪里呢?-It may/must be in your desk . 它可能/一定在你的课桌里。
否定回答:It can’t be in your desk。它不可能在你的课桌上。
3. may的用法:
1)may意为“可以;可能”.表示请求、许可.
如:May I look at your CD player? 我可以看一下你的CD机吗?
2)表示可能性(说话人的猜测),常用于肯定句中。如:
Your sister may be waiting for you now。 你妹妹可能现在正在等你呢。
3) 以may引起的一般疑问句,否定回答多用mustn’t;
-May I come in? 我可以进来吗?-No, you mustn’t. 不,不行。
4。need的用法:
1)need作情态动词时,意为“需要”,后接动词原形,常用于疑问句和否定句中,否定形式:needn’t,疑问句:Need提前如:You needn't try to explain.
Need I explain it?
2) need作为实义动词时,后接动词不定式to do,有人称和数的变化。如:
She needs to come tomorrow.
He (不需要)borrow money。
Do they______________(需要)do homework today?
5. had better的用法:
had better(not) do sth 最好(不要)做某事
如:You’d better _______(stay) at home.
You’d better __________(not watch) TV。
练习:
( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. may B. can C。 has to D。 must
( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam。
A。 can be able to B。 be able to C. can able to D. are able to
( ) 3 -May I take this book out?
—No, you___。A. can’t B. may not C. needn't D。 aren’t
( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you’re got a fever.
A。 can B. must C。 dare D. would
( ) 5 —Can you speak Japanese?
-No, I____.A. mustn't B。 can't C. needn't D。 may not
( ) 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think。
-No, he ___ be in the classroom。 I saw him go home a minute ago。
A. can; may not B。 must; may not C. may; can’t D. may; mustn’t
( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?
—Thanks, but you___, I’ve had enough。
A。 may not B。 must not C. can’t D。 needn't
( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult.
A。 may B. must C。 can D。 need
( ) 4 He isn’t at school。 I think he ___ be ill。 A. can B。 shall C. must D。 has to
( ) 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D。 Do
( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road.
A。 can’t B. can C. mustn't D。 must
( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time。
A。 mustn't B。 needn’t C. don't have to D。 don't need to
( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once?
-No, you___。 A。 needn’t B. mustn't C。 can’t D。 may not
( ) 1 His arm is all right。 He___ go and see the doctor。
A。 has not to B. don’t have to C. haven’t to D. doesn’t have to
( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't
( ) 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A。 mustn’t B. did C。 didn’t D. hadn’t
( ) 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. didn’t B。 don’t C。 hadn’t D。 isn't
( ) 2 You'd better___late next time. A。 not to be B. not be C。 won't be D. don’t be
( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.
A. had; cut B。 had; cutted C。 have; cut D。 have; cutted
( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way。
A. had better not to B。 had not better C。 had better D。 had better not
( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?
A。 Here you are B。 Sorry, I can’t C. Yes, please D. Let me try
( ) 2 —Why don’t you ask Mike to go with us?
-Thanks, ___.A。 I will B。 I won’t C. lean D。 I may
( ) 3 —___ I take the newspaper away?
—No, you mustn’t. You____read it only here.
A. Must; can B. May; can C。 Need; must D。 Must; must
( ) 1 Excuse me。 ___ you please pass me that cup?
A。 Do B. Should C。 Would D。 Must
( ) 2 ___ you like to have another try?
A。 Could B。 Will C. Would D。 Do
( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us?
—Yes, ___.A. I'd like B。 I want C。 I’d like to D。 I do
( ) 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon。
A. needn’t B。 can’t C. mustn’t D。 have to
( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he?
A. need B. needn't C. does D。 doesn't
( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first?
-No, you___. You may have a rest first。
A。 mustn't B。 needn’t C。 may not D. can't
参考答案:
1。 1—5 A D A B B2。 1—5 C D B C A3. 1—3 C A A4。 1—3 D B C5. 1-4 C B C C6. 1-3 B A B
7. 1—3 C C C8。 1—3 A D B
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