spend-cost--pay--take-用法与练习.doc

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spend,take,cost,pay
一、 spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：
(1) spend money/time on sth. 在……上花费时间/金钱
例：I  spent ten yuan on this book.

(2) spend time  (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。
例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge.  造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

二、 cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示"值"（无被动）， 常见用法如下：
sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。
例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 一台新电脑值很多钱。
This new computer cost me 3500 yuan.

练习, 用spend和cost的适当形式填空：
1. The house __________ him $100,000 . cost
2. -----How much does the tea pot ___________？cost
------It _________ too much .We can’t afford it. costs
3. Writing the composition ____________ him much time and patience . cost
4. He___________ much time reading .And he always__________ plenty of money on books. spends;spends
5. How long does the girl ______________ making tea? spend
6. He is always ________________ .spending
7. How do you ____________ your spare time? spend
8. He _________ too much money on clothes and shoes last year. spent

 三、take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：
(1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

练习， 用take 和 spend 的适当形式填空：
1. ------How much time does it _______ them to complete the task ? take
------ 5 days.
*2.We _____ much money making our dream come true . spent
3.Cooking _____　me a bit of time for my sister helps with housework . takes
2. How much time do you ________ in watching films ? spend

四、 pay的基本用法是：
(1)sb  pay  money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。
例：I  paid them 20 dollars for this new coat. 
(2)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。
例：Don‘t worry! I'll pay for you. 
(3)pay  sb. 付钱给某人。 
例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。
*拓展：pay money back 还钱。
例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next month. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下月还你。
pay off one's money还清钱

练习，用pay (for) 和 spend ,take填空：
1.How much time do you ______ on the project ? spend
2.How much money did you _______ these books ? pay for
3.----How much will you _______ on the book ? spend
----$20 .
4.He will _______ $1,000 for the project . pay
5.It _________ him three months to finish this painting.took

总结：
take 一般用it做主语。
spend 一般是人做主语。
cost 一般物作主，表示某物值多少,或花了某人多少钱。
pay一般是人做主语。

课后练习
一、选择题
1. I have to   them 20 pounds for this room each month.
  A. pay B. paid C. cost D. took
2. They spend too much time the report
A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write
3. ---What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive .
---No，they only_______ 30 yuan．
A．spent B．took C．paid D．cost
4. ---Would you please for my dinner, Peter?
---Sure!
A. spend B. pay C. cost D.take
5. It will me too much time to read this foreign book.
A. take B. cost C. spend D.pay
6.This science book ____ me a lot of money. 
A. took 　 B. cost  　C. used 　 D. spent 
7. I   two hours on this maths problem yesterday. 
 A. take B. cost  C. pay D .spent
8. She usually ________ much time shopping in the supermarkets.
 A spends             B costs                 C takes             D pays
9. This kind of computer _______ too much. I can't afford one.
A.takes               B. spends                 C. pays               D. costs
10.It will ________ us several years to learn a foreign language well.
A. cost              B. take                  C. spend             D. use

二、填空
1. It often ___________ me about 3 hours to get to school from my home. takes
2 .----Who will ___________ for the bill? pay
-----Maybe our boss.
4. Since June 1st, 2008, when we want plastic bags in the supermarket, we have to __________(付款) them. pay for
5. He likes English. He spends lots of time _______________(read) it every day. in reading
6. 昨天他花了10分钟乘公共汽车去动物园。
It ____________________________________ yesterday. took him 10 minutes to go to the zoo by bus
7.It took Alice five minutes to finish reading the book.
Alice five minutes reading the book.spent ;in/
8.It took him 40 yuan to buy the book Harry Potter.
He_____________40 yuan ________the book Harry Potter. spent;on
He_____________40 yuan for the book Harry Potter. paid
9.We spent 20 minutes cleaning the room yesterday.
It 20 minutes the room yesterday. took us;to clean
10.This pair of glasses cost me five pounds.（保持句子意思）
I five pounds this pair of glasses.paid;for

三．翻译句子
1.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。（spend）
He spent lots of time in remembering these words.

2.我花了100元在这件外套上。（cost/pay）
This coat cost me 100 yuan.
I paid 100 yuan for this coat.

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