2017届高三英语一轮复习-语法提分微点案-考点7-冠词课件.ppt

语法专题语法专题 语法提分微点案语法提分微点案考点考点7冠词冠词微视角大领悟微视角大领悟 微学堂涨分数微学堂涨分数 微考场新演练微考场新演练 冠词是语法填空题和短文改错的常考点，经常考查不定冠词a、an和定冠词the的用法，因此掌握冠词的用法尤为重要。微视角大领悟微视角大领悟 练知考情会方法技巧练知考情会方法技巧1(2015新课标卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)are admired by even _ most modern architects and engineers.解析：设空后面是最高级标志词most，表“最”，故用定冠词the。句意：甚至最现代的建筑家和工程师都佩服土坯房。2(2015广东卷)He owned _ farm,which looked almost abandoned.解析：设空后面是名词farm，且在文中第一次出现，表泛指“一个”，故填a。句意：他有一个看上去几乎废弃的农场。3(2015湖南卷)For all your information,you dont have to go to _ library to find the relevant resource.解析：go to the library“去图书馆”。句意：对于你所有的信息，你没有必要去图书馆查询相关信息。a the the 4(2014新课标卷)Now,years later,this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.解析：句意：现在，数年之后，这条河是环境保护最典型的例子之一。空格后部分的中心词是名词examples，再由one of.可知，这里的most表示比较意义；形容词最高级前用定冠词the。5(2014广东卷)She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _ top floor.解析：句意：她因为错误向我们道歉，并额外给我们提供了顶层的VIP房间。top“顶端的，最高的”，修饰名词，前面需要有定冠词，表特指。the the 如果空格后有名词(短语)而且二者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，那么空格处一般是填冠词。1表泛指或“每一个”用a/an_(形容词)可数名词单数_抽象名词具体化的名词(success,failure等)2下面3种情况填theone of _最高级名词复数_序数词/表特指的比较级_名词定语从句(特指)1(2015新课标卷短文改错)Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.答案与解析：countryside前加thein the countryside“在乡村”。2(2015浙江卷短文改错)Im always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.答案与解析：在hurry前加ain a hurry“匆匆忙忙地”。3(2014辽宁卷短文改错)Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.答案与解析：aanaverage的发音以元音音素开头，故此处应用不定冠词an。4I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity.答案与解析：aanimpressive的发音以元音音素开头，故此处应用不定冠词an。5Yesterday afternoon,I paid visit to Mr.Johnson.答案与解析：visit前加apay a visit to.“拜访”。1不定冠词a和an的错用在元音音素前用不定冠词an，辅音前应用不定冠词a。有些单词以元音字母开头，却以辅音音素开头，其前应用冠词a；有些单词以辅音字母开头却以元音音素开头，其前应用冠词an。2不定冠词a(n)和定冠词the的错用表特指应用the，泛指应用a/an。3冠词的多余与漏用单数可数名词前应用a(n)或the。可数名词复数或不可数名词表泛指不用冠词。微学堂涨分数微学堂涨分数 语法精讲明重点难点语法精讲明重点难点 1定冠词的常考必备上文已出现过或说话双方都熟知的事物；表示世界上独一无二的事物、自然现象、方位或者发明物的名词前；序数词和形容词或副词最高级前；表示年代、朝代、时代的名词或由普通名词组成的专有名词前；形容词或形容词化的过去分词前，表示一类人或物，或用于姓氏复数前表示一家人等。助记特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，一类或一家。2不定冠词的常考必备单数可数名词前，表泛指的数量“一”；用a certain修饰专有名词(some名词单数)表示“某一个”；序数词前，表示“又一；再一”；物质名词前，表示“一份；一阵；一场；一类”等或用于抽象名词具体化；有修饰词的三餐和四季前；a,an与比较级连用，在否定句中表示最高级意义，而amost形容词名词，表示“一个非常的”。助记泛指单数和首提，每个某个又一个；物质名词具体化，同理还有抽象词；三餐四季有修饰，看清是否最高级。3零冠词的常考必备表示泛指或一般意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、复数名词前；表示头衔、职位名称的名词作表语、补语、同位语和as的宾语时；as/though引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的单数可数名词置于句首时。1常用的带有冠词的固定短语类型有：(1)介词a/an名词。如：in a word总之；to a degree在一定程度上；in a hurry匆忙。(2)介词the名词。如：in the end最后；in the beginning起初；by the way顺便说一下；by the hour/metre/kilogram按小时/米/公斤计算。(3)介词the名词介词。如：at the age of在岁时；at the beginning of在的开头/开端；at the end of在的末端/尽头；by the end of到末为止；at the edge of在的边缘；at the foot of在底部；in the direction of朝着方向；in the form of以的形式；with the help of在的帮助下。(4)动词a/an/the名词。如：make a face做鬼脸；tell the truth说实话。(5)动词a/an名词介词。如：have a knowledge of精通；have a better understanding of 了解；have a gift for对有天赋。(6)动词the名词介词。如：keep the balance of保持的平衡；make the best use of充分利用；form the habit of形成的习惯。2冠词有无，意义不同：in charge of负责/in the charge of.由负责；in prison在坐牢/in the prison在监狱里；at table在吃饭/at the table在桌旁；out of question毫无疑问/out of the question不可能；by day在白天/by the day按天计算。微考场新演练微考场新演练 好题巧练拿高考满分好题巧练拿高考满分.单句训练1(2015重庆卷)I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by _ gunman wearing a mask.解析：句意：我刚刚听说一个戴面具的持枪歹徒抢劫了多拉工作的那家银行。由bank后的定语从句可知，这里特指多拉工作的银行，故第一个空处用定冠词the；而第二个空处泛指一个持枪歹徒，故用不定冠词a。2(2015陕西卷)_ more learned a man is,_ more modest he usually becomes.解析：the more.，the more.为固定句型，意为“越就越”。句意：一个人知识越渊博，他通常会变得越来越谦虚。the a The the 3(2015四川卷)Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be _ Beethoven.解析：在人名前一般不加冠词，但该句中的Beethoven不再是指贝多芬本人的专有名词，而是变为一个普通名词，指像贝多芬那样的音乐大师，所以其前用不定冠词a，表示“一个的人”。句意：布赖恩在音乐创作上很有天赋，他很有可能会成为一位像贝多芬那样的音乐大师。a 4(2015浙江卷)Janes grandmother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years,but one thing or another always got in _ way.解析：句意：简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍，但是这样或那样的事情总是妨碍着她。该空是固定短语，get in the way意为“妨碍”。5(2014陕西卷)_ village where I was born has grown into _ town.解析：句意：我出生的那个村庄已发展成了一座城镇。第一个空格处表示特指，特指“我”出生的那个村庄；第二个空格处表示泛指。the The a 6(2014重庆卷)I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village.解析：句意：我无法告诉你去威尔逊家的路，因为这个村子里没有一个叫威尔逊的人。第一个空表示特指，所以用the;the way to.意为“去的路”。不定冠词a(n)与名字连用，表示“一个叫的人”。一般情况下，人名作为专有名词前面多不加冠词，但有时为了表示泛指时，其前面可以加a/an来表示“一个叫的人，一个像的人”或某人的作品。如：He bought me a complete Lu Xun.他给我买了一套鲁迅全集。The carpenter is quite a Lu Ban.这位木匠简直是个活鲁班。a the 7Well reach the sales targets in a month which we set at _ beginning of the year.解析：句意：我们将在一个月内实现我们年初制订的销售目标。at the beginning of为固定短语，意为“在之初”，故填定冠词the。8You can ask anyone for help.Everyone here is willing to lend you _ hand.解析：句意：你可以向任何人求助。这里所有的人都愿意向你伸出援手。lend sb.a hand为固定搭配，意为“给某人帮助”。a the.单句改错1We decided to make it a unforgettable experience._ 2The Internet is playing a important part in our daily life._ 3So when I have the problem,I will turn to her for help._ 4I think its a great fun and I can make more friends._5In my the memory,you are always friendly._6Kunming is a famous city with long history._7These cleaning women are paid by hour._8I have many hobbies,such as playing piano and singing English songs._aan playing后加the aan thea 去掉a 去掉the with后加a by后加the .语法填空For great artists,it takes years of practice,creative thinking and experiments _(build)a masterpiece(名作)that is truly timeless.Now _ styles of those masters can be copied in _(minute)Researchers recently in Germany _(release)a paper about a computer algorithm(算法)that can copy _ painting styles of famous artists like Pablo Picasso and Vincent van Gogh in just 60 minutes.to build the minutes have released the Researchers at the University of Tuebingen have created their new images by using two _(photo);for example,they could use _ photo of the Eiffel Tower and another of _painting by Vincent van Gogh.They then use whats called a convolutional neural(脑回神经的)network to create a new image,in which the style of the great artist is used in _ other photo.The findings are _ latest from the popular field of deep learning in which computers try to copy the way the human brain works.the photos a a the