(全国卷Ⅱ)2021届全国高三英语下学期押题卷.doc

（全国卷Ⅱ）2021届全国高三英语下学期押题卷

（全国卷Ⅱ）2021届全国高三英语下学期押题卷

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（全国卷Ⅱ）2021届全国高三英语下学期押题卷
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
North American Train Routes for a Family Vacation
    The Adirondack
    Considered one of the top ten scenic train rides in the world, the Adirondack train route travels from New York City's Penn Station to Montreal, Canada. The 10-hour trip is great for a weekend away in either Montreal or Manhattan. The route will take you past West Point Academy, the Hudson River Valley and fifty miles of Lake Champlain.
    The Vermonter
    The almost 14-hour trip from Washington, D. C. to St. Albans, Vermont takes you from the U.S. capital, through the beautiful New England states of Connecticut and Massachusetts on the way to Vermont. As you travel through New England towns, you'll be able to see some of the most beautiful scenery in this area, including rivers, falls and covered bridges.
    The Downeaster
    The Downeaster was established in 2001 and was expanded several years ago northward to Freeport and Brunswick, Maine. The short ride (between three and four hours) includes a trip along the beautiful Maine coastline. With five round-trips offered daily, it's a great way for Massachusetts families to visit Maine for a day or longer. Many of these routes carry volunteers to aid passengers with questions about local attractions and destinations.
    The Pennsylvanian
    Both New York City and Pittsburgh are great family vacation destinations and the Pennsylvanian route takes you through the beautiful Pennsylvanian landscape between the two major cities. The 9.5-half hour trip travels through a variety of different terrains(地形), and stops along the way including Newark, Philadelphia, Harrisburg and Altoona. The connecting train service is available for those looking to travel to Cleveland, Chicago, and Toledo from Pittsburgh.
1. Which train route offers the best choice for a one-day sightseeing?
A. The Adirondack. B. The Vermonter.
C. The Downeaster. D. The Pennsylvanian.
2. Where is St. Albans?
A. In Vermont.
B. In Washington, D. C.
C. Between Connecticut and Massachusetts.
D. Between Washington, D. C. and Massachusetts.
3. How can you go to Chicago from New York City by train?
A. By taking a train at Penn Station to Montreal.
B. By taking a connecting train at Pittsburgh.
C. By traveling to Cleveland and then to Chicago.
D. By traveling through New England states to Chicago.
B
    The East African nation of Kenya has a rich tradition in distance running, but a lack of success in field events meant there was no one qualified to coach Yego, who studied the javelin(标枪) on the Internet.
    Yego was born in Cheptonon, a village in the Great Rift Valley, in January 1989 and grew up loving football and running, but when he was lapped(领先一圈) by two competitors in a 10,000m school race, he turned his attention elsewhere afterward.
    He would cut and shape a javelin from tree branches and although his parents thought he should concentrate on his studies, Yego persisted and he became national junior champion.
    Combining his job as a policeman with training, Yego turned to the Internet, studying the technique and strength exercises the top javelin throwers employed.
    Neither being just 5 feet and 7 inches tall nor weighing 13 stone held Yego back. In 2011, he became the first Kenyan to win a field event medal at a continental meet with gold at the All-Africa Games.
    A year later in London he became the first African javelin thrower to reach an Olympic final, finishing 12th a historical moment.
    "To be an Olympian is something you will never forget," he said. "So when I was named in the Olympics, I was just so happy. Luckily enough I was in the finals and that just changed all my life."
    He was fourth at the 2013 World Championships and won the 2014 Commonwealth tide before being crowned world champion in Beijing, China, a year later with what is the fifth-longest throw in history of 92.72m.
    Rio 2016 arrived and Yego was leading after three throws only to suffer an ankle injury on his fourth attempt which forced him to retire, and he looked on as Thomas Rohler of Germany overtook him to seize gold. But he is not defeated and he will have a chance to improve on that at the next Olympic Games.
4. Why did Yego choose to study the javelin on the Internet?
A. Because he disliked his coach's training method.
B. Because there were no qualified trainers for him.
C. Because no one knew the javelin in his country.
D. Because studying on the Internet was free.
5. What made Yego start to learn the javelin?
A. His failure in study at school.
B. His parents' encouragement.
C. His growing love of the javelin.
D. His discouragement in running.
6. When was Yego crowned world champion in Beijing?
A. In 2013. B. In 2014. C. In 2015. D. In 2016.
7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Yego was defeated by Thomas Rohler and became a failure.
B. Yego was forced to retire because of his injured ankle.
C. Yego continues fighting despite his failure in 2016.
D. Yego will surely win at the next Olympic Games.
C
Runners need to move 15 per cent faster on a treadmill(跑步机)to burn the same number of calories as jogging outdoors, research reveals.
Researchers from Milan University analyzed the difference between running outdoors and on a treadmill in 15 physically fit males with an average age of 21. The participants completed a sprint(短距离快速跑) for 30 seconds followed by 30 seconds of recovery for a total of 15 minutes both outdoors and on a treadmill. Oxygen use and exercise intensity were measured after both types of running.
The findings were published in the journal of Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. Results revealed that when on a treadmill, runners use significantly lower amounts of oxygen, suggesting less effort is required. Therefore runners must move 15 percent faster on a treadmill to burn the same amount of calories as exercising outdoors, the study stated. The study authors wrote, "A 15 per cent increase in running speed during a period of stopping and starting often in high intensity treadmill training session is the best possible solution to reaching the same physiological responses as an outdoor training session.
Although the study did not speculate why treadmill running appears to be needing less effort and energy, previous research suggests the moving belt of a treadmill moves joggers forward, causing them to move faster. Exercising indoors also means gym-goers do not have to fight with steep hills or wind resistance.
Michael Silverman, director of rehabilitation and wellness (康复科)at Northern Westchester Hospital in New York, said, “Outdoors, you are changing surfaces constantly, fighting the wind, and making quick and sudden starts and stops, which will lead to increased caloric burn.” Shake magazine reported. "And while we don't recommend running in extreme temperatures, it is worth noting that your body burns extra calories to regulate your body temperature," he says.
8.Where can you find the specific findings of the study?
A.In Paragraph 2 B.In Paragraph 3
C.In Paragraph 4 D.In Paragraph 5
9.What can we know about the study?
A.Its participants were all 21 years old.
B.Michael is one of the researchers.
C.It revealed why treadmill running consumes less calories .
D.It took oxygen use and exercise intensity into consideration.
10.Why does running on a treadmill seem easier according to the study?
A.The runners need less energy.
B.The runners can usually get enough oxygen .
C.The moving belt pushes joggers forward .
D.The intensity of running on the treadmill is more stable.
11.What does the underlined word speculate mean?
A.conclude B.research C.oppose D.doubt
D
    Coffee chains create a lot of waste, from disposable takeaway cups to the used grounds that are sent to landfills. Starbucks has started to try recyclable alternatives to the disposable cups. But the used coffee is often unnoticed.
    The world drinks around 2 billion cups of coffee a day, producing 6 million tons of used grounds every year. When they go to landfills, the grounds release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
    U.K. Bio-bean has found a way to turn that waste into valuable resources. At Bio-bean, used coffee grounds are processed to remove paper cups or plastic bags, and then passed through a dryer and a further screening process. They are finally processed into the fuel, Coffee Log.
    "Coffee is highly calorific and lends itself to being a really fantastic fuel," says George May, director of Bio-bean. "Coffee Log burns about 20% hotter and 20% longer than wood logs do."
    While the fuel releases greenhouse gases when burned, if it replaces other carbon-based fuels, Bio-bean estimates that the recycling process reduces emissions by 80% compared with sending the grounds to landfills.
    Founded in 2013, Bio-bean grew rapidly, launching coffee collection services across the U.K. and building the world's first coffee recycling factory only two years later. In 2016, they launched their first product, Coffee Log, and in 2019 their first natural flavor ingredient into the food and drink industry.
    "We've really managed to succeed with our innovation because we've managed to get to scale. What started as a good idea is today the U.K.'s largest recycling plant of coffee grounds. We are turning 7 ,000 tons of those grounds per year into the fuel," says May. "Despite being delayed by the COVID-19, we plan to expand our operation into northwestern Europe within the next five years."
12.What do the first two paragraphs suggest?
A.It's necessary to limit coffee consumption.
B.Drinking coffee is popular around the world.
C.Measures should be taken to recycle coffee waste.
D.Coffee grounds are the main cause of global warming.
13.What is the Bio-bean's Coffee Log?
A.A solid fuel B.A natural food. C.A cup of hot coffee. D.A tree trunk.
14.What do we know about Bio-bean?
A.It is a high-tech company with a long history.
B.It is a promising recycling plant of coffee grounds.
C.It is started to produce coffee and fuels.
D.It is developing faster than Starbucks.
15.What does the underlined phrase "get to scale" in the last paragraph mean?
A.Give accurate measurement. B.Cover a wide range.
C.Classify different resources. D.Go into mass production.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This is why you should try pouring boiling water onto your car
Body shops and garages don't want you to know about this amazing trick with boiling water. A car accident is an awful thing for all parties involved. Besides a scare and potential injury, damage to your car can cost you quite a bit of money, for example, an ugly dent (凹痕).
Getting a considerable dent removed from your car can easily cost you a lot. ____16____ That is to say, body shops and garages can cut you a bad deal very easily. Even if you come to get a dent removed, somehow they find all kinds of other issues with your car that need to be solved and it all starts to add up. ____17____ Luckily, we have found a trick that will help you get rid of that dent in your car and it won't cost you a cent!
It's very easy to repair a dent by yourself! All you need is a kettle with hot water and a toilet plunger(通厕器). So, how do you do it? We'll explain!
* ____18____
*As soon as the water is boiling, you take the kettle out to your car and pour the water onto the dent and the surrounding area. ___19_____
*Now it's time to use the toilet plunger. ____20____ Slowly and carefully repeat this step a couple of times, making your way towards the dent.
*After a few minutes of careful work, the dent will be completely gone! It's just as if there never was any dent in the first place.
A. Fill a kettle with water and boil it.
B. That's not what you asked for.
C. This trick works well and saves you lots of money.
D. You never know if the person in the other car is hurt.
E. Put the plunger around the dent and carefully pull it towards you.
F. Most people have no idea what an appropriate price for this service is.
G. Do be careful because the water is very hot, of course!

第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    Once I failed my comprehensive exam at university. Suddenly, I felt I was a    21    .For the first time, I felt completely out of control. I started to go on a(n)    22    to deal with my stress and anxiety that    23    my desire for perfection.
    What began as a seemingly    24    "lifestyle change" turned into an eating disorder. I spent more time    25    rice, cakes and other foods than studying. To eat "    26    " meals at home, I often turned down social gatherings.
    Over 9 months, as my stress and anxiety    27    ,I ate smaller and smaller dishes and denied (拒绝给予) my    28    the food it needed. Sometimes I would almost    29     upon standing and I became a walking skeleton (骨瘦如柴的人).
    My family and adviser asked whether I was OK and    30    time away from my lab, but my brain made excuses for how I was feeling and behaving. I    31    believed I was making myself better.
    I didn't put a name to the    32    until I came across an article about disordered eating. I finally sought the help of a (n)    33    . He told me that my eating disorder had     34     to do with food, exercise, or weight.    35     it was about my desire to be exceptional. Through weekly sessions, I unpacked 25 years of needing to be    36    .I learned tools to acknowledge and process my feelings, not by means of     37    calories.
    Now, having been on the road to    38    for one year and a half, I enter my final year of graduate school with a completely    39    mindset about the person I want - rather than need - to be. Yes, I still want to ​   40    .But I don't want to seek perfection.
21.A. fool B. failure C. pest D. patient
22.A. diet B. journey C. exercise D. relaxation
23.A. caused B. weakened C. discouraged D. accompanied
24.A. harmless B. timely C. useless D. wonderful
25.A. purchasing B. digesting C. throwing D. weighing
26.A. cheap B. delicious C. safe D. colorful
27.A. arose B. disappeared C. increased D. stretched
28.A. system B. spirit G. mouth D. stomach
29.A. black out B. break down C. back off D. pull through
30.A. banned B.passed C. saved D. suggested
31.A. hardly B. firmly C. finally D. obviously
32.A. affair B. desire C. problem D. situation
33.A. adviser B. physician C. professor D. scientist
34.A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something
35.A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
36.A. ambitious B. perfect C. popular D. healthy
37.A. collecting B. consuming C. storing D. r