初中英语祈使句讲解及练习.doc

初中英语祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。（2）Be + n./adj. Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 Lets go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。2. 否定的祈使句(1) Dont + 动词原形 Dont stand up. 别站起来。 Dont be careless. 别粗心。 Dont let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。（2） Let型的否定式有两种:“Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。 Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。（3） no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! 3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。 例如：Do shut up! 快住口！ 4. 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用 will或wont。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1) 形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与wont保持一致) 2) 意思相反(即Yes是 “不”的意思；No是 “是”的意思)。 在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。如：- Dont go out, please. Its raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 - Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。 5. 祈使句的反意疑问句 (1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或wont you。 Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Dont be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？ (3) 以lets开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Lets turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？ 只有以lets开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或wont you.如：Let us stay here, will/ wont you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Its an important meeting. _ (not, be )late. 2. _ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping. 3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) polite. 4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud. 5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry. 6. _ (look) out! A car is coming. 7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. _ (not, let) the baby cry. 9. Wear more clothes or you _ (catch) a cold. 10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it.二、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please_. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _ late again, Bill! A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not3. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. Doesnt D. Dont4. Please help me carry it, _? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we5. Dont make so much noise, _? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do you6. Do you know the girl _under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing8. _ me the truth, or Ill be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell9. Ive kept the dog _Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name10. Dont you know that _ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims11 .Her doctor said: “_ work so hard” A Stop B Dont C Cant D No 12. Sindy, _ to be here at 8 oclock A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure 13._ when you cross the road. A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful 14. _him the secret, will you? A Dont tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling 15. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes. A Not to read B Dont read C Dont to read D Not read 16. _ Your child. Well look after him. A Not to worry about B Dont worry about C Not worry for D Dont worry with 17.They are very tired. Why _ have a rest? A not they B do not they C dont they D not to 18 -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest? - All right. A Why not B How about C Why not to D why dont 19 _ tell a lie. A Hardly B Not C No D Never 20.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A not B dont C arent D cant 三、句型转换1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） _ _ again more slowly, please.2. If you dont listen to me, Ill go. （改为同义句） _ _me, or Ill go.3. Lets watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句） Lets watch the sports games, _ _?4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_ _careless, please.5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_ _ next to Nancy.6. Dont forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Dont forget to turn off the lights, _ _?7. If you move, youll die. （改为同义句）_ _, or youll die.8. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _ _?9. 这是一个坏了的被子。 （翻译句子）This is a _ _.10. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。 （翻译句子）Lets go and help the _ _, please.四、将下列汉语翻译成英语。 1. 请照看好您的包。 _. 2. 让我们去学校吧! _! 3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! _! 4. 不要把书放这儿。 _. 5. 不要让猫进来。 _. 参考答案一、填空题1.Dontt be 2. Dontt make 3. Dontt speak be4. Dont talk read 5. Dont leave 6. Look7. Give 8. Dont let 9. catch 10. not _say二、单选题 1-5. ABDBA 6-10. CADBB 11-15 BADAD 16-20 BDADB三、句型转换1. Read it 2. Listen to 3. shall we 4. Dont be 5. Dont sit6. will you 7. Dont move 8. will / wont you 9. broken glass / cup 10. crying girl四、翻译Key: 1. Please look after your bag. 2. Lets go to school. 3. Be glad, dear 4. Dont put the book here . 5. Dont let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in