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(每日一练)2023年人教版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld易错题集锦
单选题
1、Importantly, ________ the method of translation, the spirit of the original work cannot be lost.
A.no matter howB.no matter whatC.no matter whenD.no matter where
答案:B
考查让步状语从句。句意:无论采用什么方式翻译,原著的精神不能丢失。A. no matter how无论如何;B. no matter what无论什么;C. no matter when 无论何时;D. no matter where无论哪里。根据句意,从句是省略句,完全句是no matter what the method of translation is,从句缺少表语,what从句中作表语。故选B。
2、Newspapers, magazines and TV interviews are important means ________ we highlight the importance of conserving the environment.
A.of whichB.by whichC.in whichD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:报纸、杂志和电视采访是我们强调保护环境重要性的重要手段。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“means”,指物,“by means of…”意为“通过……的方法”,故应用“介词+关系代词”引导从句,应用关系代词“which”代指“means”,作介词“by”的宾语,故空格处应填“by which”。故选B项。
3、I will never forget such a beautiful village _____ I spent my childhood with my grandparents.
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我永远不会忘记这样一个美丽的村庄,我在那里和我的祖父母度过了我的童年。_____ I spent my childhood with my grandparents是定语从句,修饰a beautiful village。在从句中,I 是主语,spent是谓语,my childhood是宾语。关系词在从句中作地点状语,因此应该用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C。
4、The way ________ you used to make fire ________ right.
A./, proved
B.that, was proved
C.in which, proved
D.what, has been proved
答案:A
考查定语从句和prove用法。句意:你使用的生火方法证明是对的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,其意为“方式”,定语从句引导词可用that或in which,也可省略;第二空用prove作连系动词,其意为“证明是,结果是”,后接形容词right作表语,根据句意,应用一般过去时态。故选A项。
5、________ lack of experience with a task of that scale, she was far from being a failure.
A.Except forB.AlthoughC.DespiteD.Even though
答案:C
考查介词(短语)和连词(短语)。句意:尽管她对这么大规模的任务缺乏经验,但她绝不是一个失败者。A. Except for除……之外(介词短语);B. Although尽管(连词);C. Despite尽管(介词);D. Even though尽管,即使(连词短语)。根据名词lack可知,前用介词(短语)。再根据“she was far from being a failure.”可知,前后为转折关系。故选C。
6、Perhaps a settler would demand an Indian _________ off the settler’s land.
A.stayingB.to stayC.stayedD.stay
答案:D
考查非谓语动词。句意:也许殖民者会要求印第安人远离他们的土地。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词demand,后接从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,demand sb. to do sth. 是错误结构,demand后不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。故选D项。
7、In the new TOFEL test, there are questions ________ test takers ________ read, listen and then speak into a microphone.
A.which … mustB.which … need
C.where … must `D.where … need
答案:C
考查定语从句和情态动词。句意:在新的托福考试中,有一些问题,考生必须阅读、倾听,然后对着麦克风说话。根据句型分析可知,第一空考查定语从句,先行词为questions,在从句中作状语,所以应选where;第二空考查情态动词,need作为情态动词一般只用于否定和疑问句中,肯定句中,need为实义动词,所以第二空应选must。故选C项。
8、He is an expert on rice planting ______ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.
A.by whichB.from whomC.by whomD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配learn sth. from sb. 意为“从某人那儿学到……”,所以应该用介词from;因此本句中,先行词为expert,指人,关系代词放在介词之后只能用whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选B项。
9、Gillian Sandstorm, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent ______people get happiness from weak-tie relationships.
A.whichB.whatC.to whichD.in which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师Gillian Sandstorm调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福的程度。名词extent通常和介词to搭配,to the extent“……的程度,到……的程度”;空处引导定语从句,先行词extent在从句中作介词to的宾语,应用which。故选C。
小提示:
10、There will be much joy in family reunion dinners, as elders have the chance to________, and see________the wonder of the festive season through the eyes of younger generations.
A.reconnect … awakeB.reflect … aflame
C.relate … afreshD.reminisce … anew
答案:D
考查动词、形容词和副词词义辨析。句意:在团圆饭中会有很多欢乐,因为老人们有机会回忆,并通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。A. reconnect再联合,再连接 … awake醒着的; B. reflect 反思,反应,反射… aflame涨红了脸,发亮地;C. relate 使有联系… afresh重新开始;D. reminisce 回忆,追忆… anew重新,再。根据句意可知,第一空处指老人们有机会追忆节日的氛围,用reminisce符合题意;第二空用副词anew修饰动词see,表示通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。故选D。
11、Middle School attached to Shanghai Normal university, Minhang campus will reach its _________ of over 700 students this September.
A.targetB.struggleC.balanceD.contact
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:上海师范大学附属中学闵行校区将于今年9月达到700多名学生的目标。A. target目标;B. struggle奋斗,努力;C. balance平衡;D. contact联系。根据句意,设空处应表示“学校的目标”,故填名词target,作宾语。故选A。
12、Unsuccessful people can always find reasons ________ they’re not doing well.
A.for whichB.thatC.of whichD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:没有成功的人总是能找到他们做不好的理由。分析句子结构可知,空格前reasons作先行词,空格处应填定语从句的引导词,分析从句成分可知,从句中缺少状语,所以应用why或for which引导定语从句。故选A。
13、Despite such a big difference in ______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
A.attitudeB.meansC.pointD.sight
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同,但毫无疑问,西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude 态度;B. means方法;C. point 观点;D. sight 视野,视力。短语attitude towards 表示“对……的态度”符合句意。故选A项。
14、My father likes meat very much while my mother always has a(an) _______ for vegetables and fruits.
A.appreciationB.preferenceC.referenceD.enjoyment
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我父亲非常喜欢吃肉,而我母亲总是偏爱蔬菜和水果。A.appreciation欣赏,感激;B.preference偏爱,偏好;C.reference参考;D.enjoyment享受。没有have an enjoyment for这种说法,故D选项不正确。have a preference for意思是“对……偏爱,特别喜爱”;have an appreciation for“欣赏……”;have an reference for“有一个……参考”。根据句子中while表示对比或转折可知,前后两句形成对比,“爸爸爱吃肉”而“妈妈偏爱蔬菜和水果”。故选B项。
15、The man ________ you shook hands just now is our new English teacher.
A.with whomB.whomC.with whichD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你刚才和他握手的那个人是我们的新英语老师。分析句子结构可知,______ you shook hands just now为定语从句,shake hands with sb.为固定用法,先行词the man,指人,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,需用关系代词whom引导。故选A。
16、The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students were able to choose their own courses of study.
A.on whichB.about whichC.to whichD.by which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:哈佛大学的校长率先推出了选修课,学生可以选择自己的课程。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词system,且根据此处表示“学生可以借助系统选择自己的课程”,表示“借助”应用介词by,做介词的宾语且指“系统”应用关系代词which。故选D。
17、Sped skating is a competitive form of ice skating________ the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.
A.in whichB.from whichC.on whichD.at which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:速滑是滑冰的一种竞技形式,选手们穿溜冰鞋进行一定距离的比赛。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,修饰“a competitive form of ice skating”,指物,in a ... form“以……形式”,先行词作介词in 的宾语,指物,用关系代词which,还原定语从句为:in the competitive form the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.故选A。
小提示:
18、If a shopping mall has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in it.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:如果商店有椅子,可供女人们安顿他们的丈夫,女人们在商店就会花更多时间。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词为chairs,是地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故选C。
19、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________.
A.referred to, actionsB.referred, measure
C.referred, actionD.referred to, measures
答案:D
考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意:人们多次提到那次洪水,以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到,提及”应用短语refer to;结合上文“it’s important to take preventive”指采取预防措施,应用take measures,也可以说成take action。故选D。
20、Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company.
A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:之后,在这章中,这种案例将会被介绍给读者,在这种案例中,消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁,指代人;B. when什么时候,指代时间;C. which哪一个,指代物;D. where什么地方,指代地点。分析从句结构,主语consumers’ support消费者的支持,系动词became变成,表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉,结构完整,考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case,在从句中作状语成分in the case,表示抽象地点,故选D。
21、Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night.
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
答案:B
考查连词。句意:受新冠肺炎疫情影响,当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知,此处引导分割式限制性定语从句,先行词为days,关系副词when引导从句,在从句中作时间状语,相当于during which,意为“在那时”。故选B项。
22、There is a world of ________ between liking someone and loving them.
A.differenceB.amusementC.expressionD.description
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同;B. amusement高兴;C. expression表达;D. description描写。根据句子意思可知,“like”和“love”是近义词,但是程度不一样,所以体现出它们的不同。故选A项。
23、Life is like a marathon ______ perseverance and consistent efforts count.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.why
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:人生就像马拉松,在这当中,毅力和坚持起作用。空格处是定语从句,先行词 marathon是抽象地点,在定语从句中缺少状语,因此要用关系副词where引导。故选C。
24、To be honest, I don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death.
A.thatB.whatC.whereD.which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:老实说,我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。它会把我烦死的。分析句子可知,“ I’m chained to a desk all day”为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词job,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,表示“在这份工作中”,应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C项。
25、Newcomers can visit the school website ________ they can have a vivid description of the after-class activities.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:新人可以访问学校的网站,在那里他们可以对课外活动有一个生动的描述。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词等于关系词,修饰先行词the school website,先行词从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选A。
26、I think we’ ve fixed everything, and I don’t _________finding any more problems.
A.accelerateB.accommodateC.anticipateD.appreciate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我想我们已经解决了所有事情,我预计不会再发现任何问题了。A. accelerate加快;B. accommodate容纳;C. anticipate预料;D. appreciate欣赏;感激。根据前半句“I think we’ ve fixed everything”可知,anticipate“预料”符合句意。故选C。
小提示:
27、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history ________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke ________ Rock made about Smith’s wife’s hair.
A.which...thatB.that...whenC.when...thatD.that...which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员Will Smith走上舞台,打了Chris Rock一巴掌,因为Rock对Smith妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填that/which/不填。故选C。
28、I reached into my wallet _________ I don’t usually have cash and pulled out all.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.who
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我把手伸进我通常没有现金的钱包里,把所有的钱都拿出来了。A. which哪一个;B. where哪里;C. when什么时候;D. who谁。分析句型可知,空格处应该填入一个词引导定语从句。从句中缺少状语,且先行词是wallet(表示地点),where最符合题意。故选B项。
29、I was attracted to swimming because it is an excellent sport ______ children and adults can develop strength, endurance and flexibility.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:我被游泳所吸引,因为它是一项优秀的运动,儿童和成人可以发展力量,耐力和灵活性。句中先行词为sport,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where用法。故选D。
30、Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A.on whichB.in whichC.to whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
完成句子
31、The vase on show can ________ ________ ________ the Qing Dynasty.
展出的花瓶可追溯到清朝。
答案: date back to
考查固定短语。根据汉语提示可知,展出的花瓶可追溯到清朝,所以本题考查短语date back to“追溯到”,空前有情态动词can,所以要用动词用原形。故填date back to。
32、良好的学习习惯,有用的技能和积极的态度同等重要。
_______ _______ _______are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.
答案: Of equal importance
考查形容词,介词短语和倒装句式。通过分析句子结构以及结合句意可知,are为系动词,good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude作主语,该句为“表语+系动词+主语”倒装句,用于突出强调表语部分。另外,空格处意为“同等重要”,of+名词是介词短语,相当于名词所有格的作用,意为“...的”,具有形容词性,equal为形容词,意为“平等的”, 修饰名词importance,且句首单词首字母大写。故填Of equal importance。
33、我们将去参观一座可以追溯到十二世纪的旧庙。(date back to)
We are going to visit an old temple __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
答案: dating back to the 12th century
考查非谓语动词、固定搭配和名词。分析句子结构空处应填非谓语动词的形式,表示“追溯到”应用date back to,固定搭配,与an old temple之间为主动关系,所以应用现在分词表主动,在句中作后置定语,修饰名词temple,表示“十二世纪”应用名词短语the12th century。故填dating back to the12th century。
34、我十年前住过的房子已经被推倒了。
The house_______ ________ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
答案: in which
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格及后句子为定语从句,修饰表地点的先行词the house,在从句中作状语,故填in which。
35、I hope I can make even greater progress next___________(学期). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
答案:semester
考查名词。句意:我希望我能在下学期取得更大的进步。根据句意和汉语提示,此处应用单数名词形式,故填semester。
36、这座小镇的历史可以追溯到中世纪。
The history of the town_____________ the Middle Ages.
答案:dates back to / dates from / goes back to
考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子,空处为句子谓语,涉及短语“追溯到”date back to/ date from/go back to,主语不可数,且陈述客观事实,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to / dates from / goes back to。
37、这份报告强调了当今社会所面临的主要问题。
The report ________ facing society today.
答案:highlights the major problems
考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处为“强调主要问题”,动词“强调”,为谓语,译为“highlight”,描述一般事实,用一般现在时,主语The report,谓语用第三人称单数;“主要问题”为宾语,译为“the major problems”,故填highlights the major problems。
38、当你和父母意见相左时,花点时间让自己冷静下来,尝试从他们的角度了解状况。
When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
答案: from their point of view
考查介词短语。“从某人的角度”可用介词短语from one’s point of view表示,“他们的”用形容词性物主代词their。故填from their point of view。
39、毕业于北京协和医学院,林巧稚成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的首位女住院医师。虽然她终身未婚,但是她被称为“万婴之母”,她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
After ______ Peking Union Medical College, Lin Qiaozhi became the first woman ever to be hired ______ a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. ______ the fact that she never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime.
答案: graduating from##(her) graduation from as Despite##In spite of
考查状语从句的省略,介词及短语。根据句意,第一空表示“毕业于”,故用短语 (one’s) graduation from,逻辑主语是Lin Qiaozhi,也可用(her) graduation from。逻辑主语Lin Qiaozhi与graduate from是主谓关系,故用现在分词,故填graduating from。第二空表示“被聘任为”,故用短语be hired as,第二空故填as。第三空表示“虽然,尽管”,故用despite/in spite of,位于句首,开头字母大写,故填Despite/In spite of。故答案为①graduating from/(her) graduation from;②as;③Despite/In spite of。
40、尽管下了大雨,她还是去购物了。
___________, she went shopping. (用介词)
___________, she went shopping. (用同位语从句)
答案: Despite/Regardless of/In spite of the heavy rain Despite/In spite of the fact that it rained heavily
1 .考查介词(短语)。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用介词或介词短语despite/regardless of/in spite of ,表示“尽管”,连接名词the heavy rain“大雨”,作让步状语。故填Despite/Regardless of/In spite of the heavy rain。
2 .考查同位语从句。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用介词或介词短语despite/in spite of ,连接名词the fact,后接同位语从句that it rained heavily。故填Despite/In spite of the fact that it rained heavily。
语法填空
41、The gentleman ___________ ____________you spoke just now is our headmaster. (用适当的词填空)
答案: to##with whom
考查定语从句。句意:刚才和你说话的那位先生是我们的校长。“you spoke just now”是限制性定语从句,先行词为The gentleman,指人,且speak to/with sb.为固定搭配,意为“和……说话”,先行词在定语从句中作介词后面的宾语,此处应用“介词+关系代词”来引导定语从句,关系代词应用whom,故第填①to/with ②whom。
42、The restaurant, _______(base) on trust, is working all right. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:based
考查非谓语动词。句意:这家基于信任开起来的餐厅运营得很好。本句谓语动词是is,base在句中是非谓语动词作定语。因be based on是固定短语,意为“以……为基础”,做非谓语时应把be动词去掉。故填based。
43、Then the day came ______ I finally realized I had to make a change. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:后来有一天,我终于意识到我必须做出改变。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为the day,在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
44、Not only is likability ________ (relate) to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:related
考查固定短语和倒装句。句意:讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活结果有关,而且也是那些结果的原因。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“be related to...”,意为“与……有关系”,句中涉及固定句型“Not only…but also…”,“Not only”所在句子要用部分倒装,“is”提前,故空格处应用“related”。故填related。
45、Becoming fluent ________ a language will take years, but learning to get by takes a lot less. (用适当的词填空)
答案:in
考查介词。句意:流利地掌握一门语言需要数年的时间,但要想过得去就不用那么多了。根据句意及空后a language可知,此处是短语be /become fluent in“能流利地讲”。故填in。
46、His work is highly ________ (regard) by other painters. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:regarded
考查固定搭配。句意:他的作品受到其他画家的高度评价。固定搭配be highly regarded by意为“……受到高度评价”。故填regarded。
47、The matter has reached a stage ________ they have to give in. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:事情已经到了他们不得不让步的
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