人教版高中英语必修三第一单元词汇与短语.doc

人教版高中英语必修三Unit 1 Festivals around the worldI. 核心单词1. starve 饿死 2. obvious 明显的 3. satisfy 满足；使满意 4. lead 领导；引导5. origin 起源；源头 6. trick 诡计，窍门；欺骗，诈骗 7. arrival 到来，到达 8. national 国家的 9. gain 得到，获得 10. independence 独立 11. gather 集合 12. European 欧洲的 13. custom 习俗，风俗 14. award 奖品; 授予 II. 重点短语1. take place 发生 2. day and night 日夜 3. in memory of 纪念；追念 4. dress up 盛装；打扮 5. play a trick on 诈骗；开玩笑 6. look forward to 期盼；盼望 7. as though 好像 8. have fan with 玩得开心 9. turn up 出现；到场 10. keep ones word 守信用 11. hold ones breath 12. Set off 出发 13. remind of 使想起 III. 课文内涵及外延短语及其用法1. Mean 意欲，打算，意味(1)sb./sth. be meant /intended to do 某人/某物专门被用来做E.g. The students in that university are meant to be teachers.E.g His father meant him to be a businessman. (2)sb./sth. be meant/intended for 打算使某人/某物为 所用/做 E.g He was meant for teaching. (3)mean sb. for 打算让某人成为 E.g He didnt mean for a translator. (4) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 E.g He meant to go to America. (5) mean doing sth. (6) mean something/nothing2. celebration 庆祝；庆典in celebration of 为了庆祝E.g. They decided to hold a party in celebration of their fathers birthday. have/ hold a celebration 举行庆祝会/庆典celebrated adj. = famous adj. 著名的，驰名的3. take place 发生，举行，进行take the place of 代替E.g. He will take the place of the manager when the manager go abroad. take ones place 代替某人；就坐E.g. Please, take my place during I am in France for a business visit. take (the)first place 居首位，得第一4. take place , happen, occur, come about, break out take place 表示按照事先是我安排或计划发生，多指运动，变化，进步，会议或婚礼等的发生或举行。happen 指偶然或以外的发生。Occur 正式用语，表示偶然发生或按计划使某物发生或产生效果。occur to 表示“想起，想到”。come about 既可以表达正面事情的发生，也可以表达负面事情的发生。break out 仅用于负面事物，指战争，水灾，疾病，地震等突然发生。 5. starve 饿死 vt./vi. starve for = be starved for /of 渴望得到，迫切需要E.g. We starve for knowledge. starvation. 饥饿， 饿死6. satisfy 使满足，使满意(1) satisfy ones need /demand 满足某人的需求、要求(2) satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 (3) to ones satisfaction 使某人满意的是(4) be satisfied with 对.感到满意 E.g. We werent satisfied with our treatment in the hotel, so we shall complain to the proprietor. (5) be satisfied to do sth. 做某事感到满意 E,g. He was satisfied to be treated as an important person at the party. (6) satisfied 感到满意的(7) satisfying 令人满意的7. honour/honor （1） 表扬E.g. He was honoured for his courage in the war. （2） 光荣；荣幸E.g. It is a great honor to be invited. （3） 崇敬pay / show /give honour to sb. （4） in honour of 为了纪念； 为向.表示尊敬（5） have the honour of doing/ to do sth. （极客气的问话）能荣幸的去做.吗/E.g. Do I have the honour to dance with you?8. harm 伤害；危害harm sb./ sth. = do harm to sb. / sth. 伤害某人或某物be harmful to 对有害E.g. Dirty air is harmful to our health. 9. dress up 盛装；打扮E.g. She likes to dress up for a party.dress (sb./ oneself) in + 衣服/颜色 给别人/自己穿dress sb. /oneself as 把别人或自己打扮成sb. be dressed in .某人穿着E.g. She always dresses herself in red.= She is always dressed in red. She dressed herself as a model to attend the interview. 10. Gain (1)得到，获得.(2)（表）走得快 E.g. My watch gains two minutes every day. gain 指需要付出很大的努力，或通过劳动，竞争，斗争等才能得到的。Win 指在较强的竞争中取得胜利，赢得某物；其后常接game,war,prize,fame, battle, medal 等。Earn 后通常接金钱，报酬，谋生，地位等，暗示获得物与所花力气相互成比例。11. independence 独立independent adj. 独立的depend on /upon 决定于；依靠，依赖dependent adj. 依靠的，依赖的dependable adj. 可靠的，可信赖的12. award （1）奖品；奖金；奖状win /receive an award 得奖（2）颁奖；授奖 award sb. for sth/as . = sb. be awarded for /as . 某人因/作为而得奖E.g. The school awarded the English teacher for her hard work. (3) 裁判; 判决E.g. The judge awarded a great deal of money to those died in the traffic accident. award 奖金；奖品reward 报酬，回报，酬金，酬劳,侧重由于付出努力和劳动而得到的回报或酬劳。as a reward for 作为对.的回答/报答13. clothing 不可数名词，衣服的总称。作主语时，谓语动词用单数clothes 统指身上穿的衣服，不与具体数字连用，但可与several/some/many 连用。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。cloth “布”，不可数名词； 但指“特殊用途的布”时为可数名词。复数为cloths.14. as if /as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，可用陈述语气。Eg. He treats her as if she were an angle. E.g. It looks as if it is going to rain.