初中英语八种时态归纳一览表.doc

时态概念时间状语基本结构：否定结构疑问结构一般现在时经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。always,usually,often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.be动词;行为动词am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。一般过去时过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为ago,yesterday, the day before yesterday, in 1989,just now,last week(year, night, month), at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.be动词;行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。现在进行时表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为now, atthis time, these days, etc基本结构：am/is/are+doingam/is/are+not+doing.把be动词放于句首过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作at thistime yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。was/were+doingwas/were+ not + doing把was或were放于句首现在完成时：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。recently,lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.have/has+ donehave/has+ not +done.have或has放于句首过去完成时以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。before,by the end of last year(term, month),etc.had +donehad + not+ donehad放于句首一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事tomorrow,next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day aftertomorrow, etc. am/is/are+going to + do; will/shall + do.was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。过去将来时立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中the nextday(morning, year),the following month(week),etcwas/were/going to + do;would/should + do.was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用別的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用;瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time haspassed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：A. He joined theLeague two years ago.B. He has been inthe League for two years.C. It is two yearssince he joined the League.D. Two years haspassed since he joined the League.