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Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?
一.归纳语法
1. there be 句式用法:
(1)意义:表示某地有某物。
(2)句式结构:
肯定句: There is + 名词单数/不可数名词+…
There are + 名词复数 +…
一般疑问句: Is / Are there + 主语 + … ? 肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.
否定回答:No, there isn’t/ aren’t.
否定句: There isn’t + 主语(单数)+….
There aren’t +主语(复数)+….
特殊疑问句:how many +名词+are there +介词短语? 在某处有多少某物?
(3)使用there be 句式时要注意以下两点
a. there be 的就近原则。即be动词要与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
b. there be 句型中肯定句变成否定句或疑问句时,句中some变any.
【注】there be 与have 的区别
there be
某地有某物,表示存在关系,遵循就近原则,就be近。
there is a bank and two hotels on that street.
have
“有,拥有”表示所属关系,可指“某人有某物”
【乐学巧计】
there be 句型有特点,主语放在be后面。
单数主语用is,复数主语要用are。
否定be后加not,疑问be在there前。
肯定句中有some,否定、疑问any替。
2.where is/are …? 用来询问某人或某物在哪里?其结构为 where +be+人/物/ 地点名词?
–Where is the bank?
-It’s on Bridge Street.
在街上:英式英语用in,in the street
美式英语用on,on the street
如果后面接门牌号,则用at. Eg. He lives at 88 Huaxin Street.
3.问路的句型:
1)Where is…?
2)How can I get to…?
3) Is there …near here?
4) Can /Could you tell me the way to…?
5) Which is the way to …?
询问具体路线的用语(以hotel为例):
A.泛指:1.Is there a hotel near here?
2.Are there any hotels near here?
B. 特指:1.Where is the hotel?
2.How can I get to the hotel?
3.Which is the way to the hotel?
4.Could you tell me the way to the hotel?
5. Could you tell me how to get to the hotel?
4.指路的句型:
1) Go/ Walk along the road. Go / Walk down the road.
2) Take the second crossing on the left.= Turn left at the second turning.
3) A is across from B. A在B的对面
A is next to B. A紧挨着B
A is in front of B. A在B的前面
A is behind B. A在B的后面
A is between B and C. A在B与C 的中间。
4) Just go straight Bridge Street and turn right.
二,重点短语
1.pay phone 投币电话 2.post office邮局 3.police station警察局 4.near here在这附近
5.on Bridge Street在大桥街 6.on Green Street在格林大街 7.across from在…对面
8.next to…挨着,贴近 9.between...and...在…之间 10.in front of在…前面
11.behind the library 在图书馆后面 12.excuse me 打扰 13.in town在城镇
14.around here在这附近 15.far from离…远 16.thanks so much非常感谢
17.no problem没问题 18.on North Street在北街 19.on Center Street在中心街
20.go straight直走 21.turn right 向右转 22.turn left 向左转
23.go down /walk along沿着…走 23.go along Long Street沿着长街走
24.walk along New Street沿着新街走 25.on the right在右边 26.on your left在你的左边
27.turn left at the first crossing 在第一个路口左转
Turn right / left at the +序数词+ crossing. 在第几个路口向右 / 左转
28.clothes store服装店 28.spend time花时间,度过时光
29.spent time with my grandparents 花时间和祖父母在一起 30.to get there为了到那
31.the best things in life生活中最美好的事 32.be free免费的,空闲的,有空的
33.cross Center Street穿过中心街 34.live in a noisy neighborhood居住在一个吵闹的街区
35.enjoy doing喜欢做某事 36.be busy忙碌的 37.on school days在上学的日子
38.have free time有空闲时间
39.watch the neighbors’ cats doing sth.观看邻居的猫在干某事
watch sb. doing sth.观看某人在做某事 40.time goes quickly时间飞逝 41.climb the trees爬树
三.重点用法
1. across from =on the other side of 在…对面
【辩】 across ,cross, crossing
across
介词
穿过,从物体表面穿过
cross
动词
穿过=go/walk across
crossing
名词
十字路口
2.【辩】in front of ,in the front of
in front of
在…前面
指在范围之外的前面
in the front of
在…前面
指范围之内的前面
【注】有the 在内,无the 在内。
3.free 用法
be free 有空 be free to do sth 有空做某事
free 反义词busy be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
4.【辩】like, love, enjoy
5.spend 用法
【注】四个花费:spend 主语是人, Sb spends sth in doing sth\ Sb spends sth on sth
Pay 主语是人, Sb pays some money for sth
Take 形式主语是it, It takes sb some time to do sth
Cost 主语是物, Sth costs sb some money
6. watch的用法
watch sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事(强调所作的事情正在进行)
watch so do sth 看见某人做某事(强调所作的是为经常发生的或者是已经发生的事情)
7.【辩】表示地理位置的介词 to / on /in
to表示两地分离;on表示两地接壤;in表示某地在另一地方内部(台湾在中国的内部,所以用介词in)
8. police的用法:
police是集合名词,常和the连用作主语时,谓语动词用复数
9. To get to the park, you just have to cross Center Street. = You just have to cross Center Street to get to the park.
把 to get to the park提前,是为了强调。
10. be good at =do well in +doing 擅长做某事
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