2021届高考英语二轮复习-强化练(八)阅读理解—词句猜测题(二)课时优化作业(含解析).doc

2021届高考英语二轮复习 强化练（八）阅读理解词句猜测题（二）课时优化作业（含解析）2021届高考英语二轮复习 强化练（八）阅读理解词句猜测题（二）课时优化作业（含解析）年级：姓名：强化练(八)阅读理解词句猜测题(二)ALife on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people.In times of extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult.Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldnt find shelter for the night.Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen.On January 30,2018,34yearold Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.“It was 20 ， and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something，” said Payne.Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help.Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.For Payne, her mission was personal.According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the streets at one point in his life.Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didnt step up to help, no one likely would.However，when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didnt want homeless people to stay in their rooms.“No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms，” said Payne.Paynes selfless act made news across the country.However, she insisted she had never done it for attention.“I am a regular person，” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers.“It all sounded like a rich person did this, but Im just a little black girl from the South Side.”语篇解读 本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间，她的无私善举传遍全国。1What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ALocals living on the street.BThe homeless freezing to death.CThe extreme weather.DThe shelter for the homeless.解析：代词指代题。根据第一段最后一句“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldnt find shelter for the night.”可知，最近，芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。结合画线词所在句可知，幸好，一位当地的女士拒绝让此发生。据此可推知，画线词that指代“The homeless freezing to death.”。答案：B2How did Candice Payne help the homeless people?ABy drawing public attention.BBy giving them money directly.CBy taking them to her own house.DBy buying hotel rooms for them.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.”可知，Candice Payne最终决定为这些无家可归者订旅馆的房间以免他们被冻死，故D项正确。答案：D3What may contribute to Paynes nice act?AHer husbands past experiences.BThe requests from the homeless.CHer desire to become famous.DThe coldness of local hotels.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the streets at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didnt step up to help, no one likely would.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫无家可归的经历的触动，她决定帮助这些无家可归的人，故A项正确。答案：A4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AA Black Fighter Changes the WorldBA Womans Curiosity Brings a RewardCA Regular Woman Makes a DifferenceDA Couples Brave Act Moves the Country解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen.”和最后一段最后两句并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她的丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。故C项“一位普通女士的影响”最适合作本文的标题。答案：CBFire Capt.Kevin Lloyd arrived at the scene of a car accident in West Point, Utah, north of Salt Lake City.A pregnant woman and her screaming 2yearold daughter were trapped in the car.While his partner, Allen Hadley, was tending to the driver, Lloyd couldnt get the frightened girl to calm down.He saw she was holding several bottles of nail polish, and then he had a better idea.He asked her if she wanted to paint his nails.Soon her eyes lit up.At the same time, Hadley showed up to check on the scene.Lloyd had calmed her down and was in the process of getting his fingers painted.Then Hadley just put his hand in there.The girl began to color his nails pink.By this time, she was not only calm, but she was also happy.The girls mother was not injured.She thanked them for helping her daughter feel better, and they all chuckled, looking at the nails, and took some photos.The firefighters brought the photos back to the headquarters and showed them around.The department put them up on the social media, and thousands of people responded, with many thanking the firefighters for going out of their way to calm down a frightened girl.Fire Chief Mark Becraft said he had been surprised at all the attention.He said he was proud of his firefighters, and added that he had known members of the department who had done many things that werent part of the job.After the fact, Lloyd and Hadley had a small matter to tend to: the layers of polish on their nails.They bought a bottle of nail polish remover, and used almost all of it.语篇解读 文章讲述了在车祸现场，一个两岁的小女孩由于受到惊吓一直无法镇静下来，消防员为了让她镇静下来，就让她给自己涂指甲，后来他们拍了一些照片；其后，消防部门把当时的照片上传到社交媒体上，数千人给予回应，消防员的这种做法获得了好评。5Why was the 2yearold girl frightened?AShe was caught in an accident.BHer mother was badly injured.CHer nails were hurt by the bottles.DShe was afraid of seeing firefighters.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“a car accident”以及第二句“A pregnant woman and her screaming 2yearold daughter were trapped in the car.”可知，小女孩之所以害怕是因为她遇到了车祸。故选A。答案：A6Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “chuckled” in Paragraph 4?ASighed.BShouted.CLaughed. DHugged.解析：词义猜测题。 根据第三段中的“color his nails pink” “she was also happy”以及画线词所在句中的“She thanked them for helping her daughter feel better”和“looking at the nails”可推知，当时那位母亲没有受伤，她感谢消防员安慰自己的女儿；看着被涂了指甲油的指甲，他们都笑了，而且拍了一些照片。故选C。答案：C7Which of the following can best describe the two firefighters?AKnowledgeable. BCaring.CHumorous. DCourageous.解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“By this time，she was not only calm, but she was also happy.”以及第五段第二句中的“thousands of people responded，with many thanking the firefighters for going out of their way to calm down a frightened girl”可知，消防员通过让小女孩给自己涂指甲不仅使她镇静了下来，而且使小女孩很开心；在社交媒体上，很多人感谢消防员们设法安慰那个受了惊吓的小女孩。由此可推知，这两个消防员是关心他人的。故选B。答案：B8What is the purpose of the text?ATo ask us to learn to calm down in times of danger.BTo speak highly of the warmhearted firefighters.CTo introduce the little girl who likes painting nails.DTo praise the two firefighters who learn to decorate nails.解析：写作意图题。文章讲述了两位消防员为了使一个两岁的受了惊吓的小女孩镇静下来，就让她给自己涂指甲油，这一做法在社交媒体上广受好评；这本来是他们的分外之事，但是他们却想方设法来帮助他人。由此可推知，本文的目的是称赞热心肠的消防员。故选B。答案：BCSongbirds that get along with their neighbors are physically healthier and age more slowly.This isnt as random as it might sound.Wildlife around the world is increasingly squeezed into fragments (不完整部分) of its natural habitat, forcing animals to share much less space than their ancestors did.Habitat loss and fragmentation is now the No.1 threat for about 85 percent of all endangered species, and on top of protecting those habitats, its important for scientists to understand how relationships between neighbors can affect the health and longevity (寿命) of individual animals.The new study looked at Seychelles warblers, small songbirds that inhabit some island chains in the Indian Ocean.Males and females form pairs, jointly defending a territory (领域) until one of them dies.Good neighbors come in two basic varieties, the studys authors say.Some are extended family members who share genes, and thus tend to avoid destructive territorial fights.Others are just friendly nonrelatives who trust each other.Among Seychelles warblers, the researchers watched some territory owners fight with their neighbors, but never with family members or nonrelatives who had been their neighbors in previous years.When living among more relatives or trusted neighbors, territoryowning warblers had better physical health.If unknown warblers moved into an adjacent territory, however, they showed a decline in health.This effect was stronger in densely (密集地) populated areas, and suggests that neighbor relationships play an essential role in helping the birds become adjusted to new conditions.As habitats shrink around the world, this kind of infighting may make life even harder for many species.“Interestingly, we show that its not just relatives that can be trusted, but also neighbors you get to know well over time.Something similar probably occurs in human neighborhoods: If youve lived next to your neighbor for years, you are much more likely to trust each other and help each other out now and then，” says Bebbington.And if youre anything like a Seychelles warbler, you might live longer for it.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，与周围鸟类关系融洽的鸟更加健康，衰老的速度也会放缓。这种情况很可能也适用于人类。9What is implied in the first paragraph?A85 percent of bird species are endangered.BThe boundaries of birds habitats arent clear.CBirds are facing a problem of decreasing habitats.DHumans share the same space with wild animals.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，现在的野生动物面临着栖息地丧失的问题，它们被迫和其他动物挤在一起。答案：C10By studying Seychelles warblers, scientists know neighbor relationships affect .Ahow animals adapt to limited habitatsBhow birds share genes with family membersChow unfamiliar neighbors develop trust for each otherDhow animals tend to avoid destructive territorial fights解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，和邻居的关系会影响这些鸟如何适应日益缩小的栖息地。答案：A11What does the underlined word “adjacent” in Paragraph 3 mean?AStrange. BNeighboring.CDangerous. DNarrow.解析：词义猜测题。结合画线词前后内容可知，画线词前后形成对比：如果和更多的亲戚或者信任的邻居住在一起，这些鸟的健康状况会更好；反之，如果有陌生的鸟住在附近的话，这些鸟的健康状况就会下降。故可推测adjacent意为“附近的”。答案：B12What do Bebbingtons words in the last paragraph suggest?AIt takes a long time to trust our neighbors.BNeighbors will decide how long we will live.CWe tend to trust relatives rather than neighbors.DGood neighbors bring great health benefit to us.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这项研究结果很可能同样适用于人类，即和睦的邻里关系会对我们的健康产生积极的影响。答案：D