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初中英语语法口诀大全
冠词基本用法
【速记口诀】
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,
可数名词单,须用a或an,
辅音前用a, an在元音前,
若为特指时,则须用定冠,
复数不可数,泛指the不见,
碰到代词时,冠词均不现。
【妙语诠释】 冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一,也是中考考查的主要对象.以上口诀包括的意思有:①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。
二、名词单数变复数规则
【速记口诀】
单数变复数,规则要记住,
一般加s,特殊有几处:
s结尾,es不离后,
末尾字母o,大多加s,
两人有两菜,es不离口,
词尾f、fe,s前有v和e;
没有规则词,必须单独记.
【妙语诠释】 ①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child-children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese-Chinese,ox-oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot-feet,tooth—teeth。
三、名词所有格用法
【速记口诀】
名词所有格,表物是“谁的”,
若为生命词,加“’s”即可行,
词尾有s,仅把逗号择;
并列名词后,各自和共有,
前者分别加,后者最后加;
若为无命词,of所有格,
前后须倒置,此是硬规则。
【妙语诠释】 ①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“’”;②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加“’s”;③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A.
四、接不定式作宾语的动词
【速记口诀】
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;
设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
【妙语诠释】 三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择:petend,choose
五、接动名词作宾语的动词
【速记口诀】
Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag。 (P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。)
【妙语诠释】 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是:
M=mind, r=risk, s=succeed in,P=practice,B=be busy, l=look forward to,a=admit,c=can’t help, k=keep on, m=miss,i=insist on,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay,
a=avoid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up.
六、不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词
【速记口诀】
一感,二听,三让,四看,半帮助
【妙语诠释】 一感:feel;二听:hear,listen to;三让:make,let,have;四看:see,notice,watch,ob-serve;半帮助:help.
七、形容词和副词比较等级用法
【速记口诀】
1。 比较级与最高级:两者比较than相连,三者比较the在前.
2.同级比较:同级比较用原形,as…as永不离;as…as加not,只言两者是同一,若是not so…as,后强前弱不看齐.
【妙语诠释】 ①比较级通常和than连用,而最高级通常跟有定冠词the;②同级比较一般用as…as表示“与…一样”,这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来,而not so…as则表示后者比前者强,翻译为“不如……"。
八、反意疑问句用法
【速记口诀】
反意问句三要点,前后谓语正相反;
短句not如出现,必须缩写是习惯;
最后一点应注意,短句主语代词填.
【妙语诠释】 ①反意疑问句的构成应该是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”;②在短句中not必须与do,will,can等组成缩写形式;③在简短问句中,疑问句的主语必须是代词,而不能用名词形式.
九、感叹句用法
【速记口诀】
感叹句,并不难,what、how放句前;
强调名词用what,其余用how很简单。
【妙语诠释】 由what引导的感叹句一般修饰名词,而how引导的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子.
初中英语同步导学初中一年级下Unit3
Reading
· 在各组单词中找出重读位置不同的一个;
( )1。 A. reception B。 question C. minute D. athlete
( )2. A. fireman B.explain C. listen D。 engine
( )3. A。manager B。against C. bottom D。 suddenly
( )4. A。perfume B. different C. asleep D。restaurant
( )5. A. useful B。 deli.cious C。 allow D.hotel
· 词汇练习。
A. 用所给词的正确形式填空。
1。 The baby is ____________(sleep)。 Please be quiet.
2。 The phone is _____________(die)。 It doesn’t work。
3。 For your __________(safe), please don’t push.
4。 Listen! I can hear a dog __________(bark)。
5。 We use our brain for ____________(think)。
B。根据所给的首字母,完成下列句子。
1。 John is the m________ of the hotel.
2。 When there is a fire, try to find the fire e____________.
3. A good sense of smell is u______ for a perfume maker。
4。 A group of f__________ came after the fire alarm went off.
5. Our team will play a __________ Class 2 on Friday.
· 根据中文提示完成下列句子(每条横线只填一个单词)
· 音乐家通常有好的听觉。
Musicians usually have ________ ________ ________ ________.
· 几分钟之后,消防员出现了。
A few minutes later, fireman ________ ________。
· 如果我们不能保持平衡,就会摔倒。
If we can't ________ ________ ________,we’ll ________ ________.
· 安全第一,请不要在马路上玩耍.
________ ________。 Please don’t play in the street.
· 这所房子属于谁的?
Who does the house ________ ________?
· 课文理解.
John F. Dancer was b ________, so his dog, Charlie, was his e ________。 One day, he stayed in a hotel with Charlie。 When he was a ________, he heard his dog b ________ loudly and he s ________smoke。 S ________later, the fire alarm went off。 He wanted to call the police, but the phone was d ________. He had to lie on the floor and wait。 Minutes later, he heard the sound of a fire e ________. A fireman s ________ up, so John and Charlie were s ________。
Listening
· 在各组单词中找出划线部分读音不同的词。
( )1。 A。programme B. welcome C。 mostly D。 nose
( )2. A。hear B。dear C.bear D。 near
( )3. A.deaf B。bread C。 lead D. dead
( )4。 A。towel B。 know C。 borrow D。blow
( )5。 A. listen B。 left C。 minute D。 taste
· 用适当的介词填空.
· What ________ going fishing on Sunday?
That’s a good Idea。
· Good listening is useful ________ blind people.
· Thank you ________ listening to me。
It was my pleasure。
· Where does Meihua sit?
She sits ________ my right.
· Where is the fire exit?
It's________ the end of the corridor.
· Deaf people can do most things ________ any help.
· Mr。 Baker lives ________ the 15th floor。
· When the alarm went ________, I left the building quickly.
· Don’t cross the road when the traffic light turns red。 It's ________ the traffic rules.
· We often use our ears ________ listening.
Language & Speaking
· 用适当的代词填空.
· What is ________ father, Lucy?
________ is a doctor。
· Did ________ have a good time at the party?
Yes, we enjoyed ________.
· What did you give ________ grandma on ________ birthday, Mike?
________gave ________ a hat.
· What do ________ parents do at the weekend, Jack?
________ often go shopping.
· Help ________ to the delicious food, boys。
Thank ________ very much.
· 根据所给单词的正确形式填空。
· Today I made my lunch ________(I)。
· Many ________(listen) like this programme very much。
· We use our mouths for ________(speak)。
· Most of us think deaf people hear ________ (well) than other people。
· The child cried ________(loud) because he couldn’t see his mother。
· 句型转换
· Mary sits beside me. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ Mary ________?
· They had a good time. (同义句转换)
They ________ ________。
· Deaf people usually can't speak. (同义句转换)
Deaf people usually ________ ________ ________ speak。
· I can do this job without any help。 (同义句转换)
I can do this job ________。
· I woke up at 6:30 this morning. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ you ________ up?
· 根据中文提示完成下列句子(每条横线只填一个单词)
· 在门的左边有一张床。
There is a bed ________ _________ ________ of the door.
· 在左手边的角落里有一台冰箱。
There is a fridge ________ ________ ________ corner.
· 妈妈以我为骄傲。
My mother ________ ________ ________me。
· 我们在暑假里玩得很开心.
We ________ ________ on summer holidays。
· 那位老妇人摔倒了伤着自己.
The old woman ________ ________and ________ ________.
Test for Unit 3
· 词组翻译
·
· 属于
· 安全第一
· 警报响起
· 出现
· 保持平衡
· 摔倒
· 听说
· 着火
· 灭火
· 爬上
·
· 单项选择
· Have you ________ the story of Leifeng?
Yes, I have。
· hear of B. heard about C. heard from D。 heard
· Help ________ to some fish, everyone。
· yourself B。 youself C. yourselves D.your
· Just now I saw some students ________ football in the playground.
· were playing B。 played C. to play D。 playing
· An old man ________ down and ________ himself in the street.
· Where is the picture?
It’s above the window。
· Last night, a tall building near my house was ________ fire.
· On B. in C. under D。out of
· A good perfume maker must have a good sense of ________。
A.taste B.smell C. hearing D。sight
· They asked ________ to help ________ to some fish.
· melf B。 youself C。 yourselves D。your
· Don’t help ________. He can do it ________.
· Him… himself B。 he… himself C。 he… him D。 him…he
· Last night when I was ________, a loud noise woke me up。
· Sleep B. asleep C。slept D。 to sleep
· 选择方框里的单词或词组,并用其正确的形式填空
Go off, show up, seconds later, keep one’s balance, fall down, hear about, put out, book, enjoy oneself, safety first, be proud of
· If you want to listen to the concert, you must _________a ticket first。
· We _________at the party last night。
· The firemen tried to _________the fire with water.
· Every morning I don't wake up until my clock _________。
· It's hard to _________if we don’t have hands.
· We should _________our country。
· _________,you know, so don’t go swimming alone.
· When the policeman _________,the thief left。
· The old woman _________ and hurt herself badly。
· _________,the building was on fire after the explosion(爆炸)
· 补全句子
· A guide dog is important to a b _________person。
2. I always listen to the radio p _________when I drive to work.
3. Life is difficult if a person has a d _________。
4。 A cook often has good s _________ of smell.
5。 I want to know something about the accident. Can you d _________it to me?
6. A building was on fire last night and some people were _________(serious) hurt.
7。 I saw some students _________(play)football in the rain.
8。 Many person like to_________(listen) to music on the radio。
9. I can't finish the work_________(with)your help。
10。 Children always enjoy _________(they) on Children’s Day.
· 句型转换
· He came here by bus this morning。(就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ _________ _________here this morning?
· I heard somebody. She was singing in the room.(合并成一句)
I _________ _________ _________ in the room。
· Kate is watching TV now. (就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ Kate _________ now?
· We had a good time in the park.(同义句转换)
We _________ _________ in the park。
· Kate is 1.5 metres. Lucy is 1。6 metres. (同义句转换)
Lucy is _________ _________ Kate.
· 课文改写
Last night, when Sun Fei was a _________, a loud noise w_________him up。 He looked out of the window and saw thick smoke c_________ out of a building。 It was on f_________. People ran out of the building. A group of f_________ came and tried to p_________out the fire with water。
There were some people still inside the building. They c_________for help. The firemen ran into the building and c_________them out。 Some d_________and nurses came to help the injured。 Twenty minutes l_________, the firemen put out the fire. No one seriously hurt.
· 根据中文提示完成下列句子
· 请随便吃些水果和蔬菜,孩子们;
_________ _________ to some fruit and vegetables, children.
· 消防员需要有好的嗅觉;
Firemen need to have a _________ _________.
· 带宠物坐公共汽车是违反规定的;
It's _________ _________ _________ to take a bus with your _________。
· 聋人没有机会听,所以他们不会讲;
Deaf people cannot_________ _________ to hear, so they are not able to speak。
· 在十字路口转左,在你的右边可以看到人民医院.
_________ _________ at the crossing, you can see Renmin Hospital on your right.
1. The children are ___________ (run) there now.
2. I ________ up at half past six this morning。 (get )
3. It’s time ___________ (have ) sports.
4. My mother ____________ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon 。 (buy)
5. Please _______ (put) the ball in the box。
6. They ________ _________ a meeting yesterday. ( not have)
7. - ___________ you _________ ( have) any colour pens?
- Sorry, I don’t have any.
8. She likes eggs, but she __________________ (not like) bread。
9. Lucy helped the old man ____________ the big basket。 (carry)
10. – Does he like it? — Yes, he ________。
11. – How much meat ________ you ___________ (want) ? — A kilo, please。
12. Can you come and ___________ (play) football with us?
13. There __________ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil— box。
14. You must _________ (get) here at two this afternoon.
15. The twins _________ thirteen two years ago。 (be)
16. Where __________ her friend _____________ (swim) now, do you know?
17. We must __________ (help ) the teacher carry it。
18. Who __________ (teach) you English in your school?
19. Would you like _____________ (eat) an apple?
20. Look! The bus ____________________ (come)。
21. Near our school there _________ (be) a shop, it _________ (sell) a lot of books.
22. I don't want __________ (buy) any food。 But he _________ (want).
23. What _______ he _________ (like) ?
24. He __________ (teach) English in a middle school。
25. Han Ling likes __________ (make) things.
26. – What ________ she ___________ (do)?
- She _________ ______________ (clean) her room now。
27. Look at the man。 He __________________ (drink) tea。
28. He can ___________ (sing) this song。
29. Let's ___________ ( help ) my mother ___________ (cook).
30. I think Li Lei must ______________ (be) at school.
31. There __________ (be) some bread and meat on the table。
32. Listen! She __________ (sing) an English song.
33. Liu Ying ___________ (study) in Beijing。
34. They _____________________ (clean) the floor now。
35. Look! He ___________________ (drink) tea。
36. Han Meimei often ____________ (play) games after school.
37. Lily _______________ (be) a Young Pioneer。
38. Please ___________ (close) the window, Wu Dong。
39. What __________ the girls __________ (do) over there now?
40. Let’s ______________ (help ) her.
41.Where _______ your pen pal ______ (come ) from?
42.The boy is ___________ (watch) TV at home。
43.Can they finish ____________ (read) the story?
44.Today the girls __________________ (wear) new clothes?
45。___________ ( be ) you sitting and drinking tea?
46.One of the people _____________ (be) singing.
47.What are they doing? They _________________ (clean) the room。
48._________ (be) there any cups of tea? No, there ___________ (be) not any。
49.Look! Lucy ______________ (fly) a kite with Lily。
50。I can ___________ (speak) Chinese and English。
51。How ______ you ___________ (do) ?
52.She ____________ (look) like her mother.
53。I ___________ (not) think so。
54。My friends _____________ (play) cards now。
55.Listen! Who _____________ (sing) in the classroom?
56。Jim ___________ (have) a good friend.
57.Where ___________ (do) your friend come from?
59。I like enjoy _________ (listen) to music after work every day。
60.She ___________ (live) in the city.
61.We have two pen __________ (pal) from England。
62.Class One _________ (have) a map of China.
63。Let’s ____________ (introduce) to each other.
64.You must finish __________ (write ) the question now。
65.Miss Wang teaches __________ (we) Chinese.
66.She is busy _____________ (play) volleyball.
67.It’s time _____________ (get ) up。
68.There are __________________ (thirteenth) girls in our class.
69。Jim is busy ___________ (make ) a card。
70.Mr Green ___________ (teacher) them English every day.
71。The little girl __________ (have) a round face.
72.He can’t ________ (go) there with us.
73。I can’t _____________ (play) the piano。
74.We can help him with ________________ (dance)。
75。She wants ____________ (join) the music club。
77.They are busy ______________ (learn) English now。
78.The music __________ (sound) very great.
79。____________ (read) books is good for us。
80.We can ____________ (learn) a lot about English。
81.She _______________ (not like) opera。
82。He even wants _____________ (be) a famous artist。
83。Someone __________ (be) in the next room。
84。Tom often _____________ (sing ) Japanese songs。
85.Jack often __________ ( swim) in the river。
II。单选
( )1。You’d better ________ to school by bike today.
A。 go not B. not go C。 don’t go D. not to go
( )2。_______ me a
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