高中英语一些重点知识.doc

高中一些重点知识复习（有些横线上写出用法或者意思）
一 常用单词的用法
1 花费：take 花费时间，多数物做主语, It takes sb 时间 to do sth,
spend ：人做主语，sb spends time/ money on sth//
sb spends time/ money doing sth
pay : 人做主语， 只用于付钱， pay for
cost: 物做主语， sth cost sb sth
2 experience: 经验 have experience in doing sth
experienced: be experienced in dong sth 经历 : 可数名词 experiences in Beijing
3 prepare: prepare for sth 为……做准备 prepare to do sth 准备做某事，强调准备的动作，不讲结果
prepared ：be prepared to do sth be prepared for sth 为……做好了准备
4 devote: devote oneself to sth // devote sth to sth// devote sth to doing sth
devoted : be devoted to sth // be devoted to doing sth
5 满意：satisfy: 使满意 satisfied ：感到满意的
satisfying 令人满意的 satisfaction： 满意
6 控告：charge : charge sb with sth // accuse _: accuse sb of sth
7 charge: 控告: charge sb with sth // 收费 : free of charge // 充电//
负责 in charge of , in the charge of
8 免费：for free, free of charge, without pay
9 例如：for example, such as, for instance
10 了解：know sb/ sth(认识某人，知道某事), know about = know of
11 禁止，允许 forbid/prohibit /prevent/ stop: ~ sb from doing sth
allow/permit: ~ sb to do sth ~ doing sth
12 过失，错误 fault 过失，强调责任 mistake ：强调与事实结果不相符
error ：错误 （这三个从汉语意思上区分就可以了）
13 争论，争吵 argue ：argue with sb about sth // debate : a debate about sth
打架 fight : fight with sb for sth// fight with sb against sth
挣扎，奋斗 struggle: struggle to one’s feet// struggle to do sth
14 坚持 insist on : 坚持做某事（有点固执不让步的意思）
stick to ：坚持原则理论
hold on， hang on ： 坚持不放弃的意思
15 使…… make ：make sb do sth// make + O + 补
have ：have sb do sth, // have sth done
get : get sb to do sth// get sth done// get done=be done
leave : leave sb to do sth// leave sb doing sth(一直做)//
leave sth undone(留下某事未做) leave sth + 地方（把某东西忘在某地）
drive ： drive sb mad/crazy
及物动词使…… interest / excite/ surprise / shock / astonish / please / amuse /tire disappoint/ puzzle / bore/ confuse / convince/ frighten
16 保持: stay keep remain
17 匹配，合适 match_______ suit _______ fit _______
18 认为: consider, think, believe, view： ~ sb ( to be )+ 形容词或者名词
~ sb as …
19 影响: effect, influence , affect ______________________________
20 建议: suggest, advice , recommend _____________________________
21 把……看做 see/ treat/ regard/ consider/ view/ think of / recognize … as…
22 全神贯注于: centre / concentrate/ focus on, be occupied in, be absorbed in,
be buried in
23 许多，大量: a good/ great many , a large / great/ good number of
a good few, quite a few ______________________
many a … more than one … _______________
a great/ good amount of, a great/ good deal of, quite a little _______
a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a mass of, masses of,
a large quantity of , large quantities of ________________________
24 也一样: so + 助动词 + 主语 （适用于动词性质相同的谓语例如都是系动词或者都是行为动词）
She works hard, and so do I
It is the same with + 主语 = So it is with + 主语 （适用于有多个谓语并且谓语性质都不相同）
She was born in China and grew up in Japan. So it is with the boy.
25 感到……的: excited, puzzled, confused, frightened, disappointed, tired, pleased, shocked, surprised,
26 因为，由于: due to, owing to, because of, thanks to, as a result of, as a consequence of, on account of
27 尽管，即使: though, although, even if, even though, while, as(要倒装)
28 希望：hope _____________________________________________
wish ____________________________________________
expect __________________________________________
29 以便: in order to + 动词原形 , in order that（句子） , so that （与can连用）
30 风景: view,(从某个角度看到的风景)
scene (有人文的场景，强调人与自然的融洽景象
scenery (强调自然景色)
sight(视角所看到的)
31 提供: offer ___________________ supply ____________ provide _______
32 假设，假如: if , on condition that ____, provided/providing that ________
supposing that ____ assuming that ________
33 忙于: be busying doing sth, be busy with sth, be absorbed in sth,
be buried in doing sth, be engaged in doing sth, be occupied in
34 打扰: interrupt _______ disturb __________
35 确定，有把握: certain: 同 sure 用法，但它还可以用物做主语，另外 It is certain that …, sure 只能人做主语
sure : be sure of sth, be sure about sth, be sure to do sth
be sure that…
36 导致：result in (跟名词和动名词), contribute to（跟名词和动名词）
lead to （跟名词和动名词） , cause 跟名词和 cause sb to do sth
37 但是: but（不与though 连用）, however（前后有标点分开）,
while(此句与前一句形成对比) , yet （可与though 连用）, nevertheless
38 否则的话： or, or else, otherwise
39 而且: besides(前后标点分开) , also（可与besides相同），
, moreover( 同besides, furthermore ) , furthermore,
what’s more, in addition(这两个在写作时可以使用，但不用于完二)
40 因此： so（后面跟句子，是并列连词， therefore（副词，完二使用）, consequently（副词，同therefore） , as a result(不用于完二), thus
41 换句话说：that is, that is to say, in other words
42 看: observe, look, watch, see, notice, glance at( 瞥一眼), look at,
glare at（怒目而视） , stare at（目不转睛的看），除了最后两个词组，在句中使用时都可用 “看见某人在做某事 see sb doing sth,” “看见某人做过某事see sb do sth,” 还可以用“看见某事被做 see sth done,” 做题目时要小心。
43 绝不： in no case, in no sense, at no time, under no circumstances, by no means
都是做状语的， 放在句首时句子的主语和谓语要倒装。
44 帮忙：help: help sb with sth = assist sb in /with sth,
help sb do sth=help sb to do sth= assist sb in doing sth = assist sb to do sth
特记：can’t help doing sth, ________ can’t help do sth _________
can’t help but do sth 不得不
45 打败: beat, 打败对手时， 同defeat.
beat 还有连续击打的意思，海浪拍岸，雨点击打窗户，心脏跳动等
46 赢，获得：win : 赢得名誉，比赛， gain :获得需要的东西如经验，体重等
47 由某某组成：be made up of, consist of, be composed of
48 活的: alive 多做表语，要做定语时 后置 be alive, a great man alive
live 只修饰动物,只做前置定语 a live dog, 直播的 a live broadcast
living 凡有生命的都可以使用，常见到的短语是 living things
lively 与活无关，是指有活力的，生机的 lively classes
49 有时候: at times, sometimes, from time to time
50 remain : 仍旧是 ，系动词。 剩下， 不及物动词, 没有被动。remains 遗物
remain a mystery, remain seated, // It remains to be seen whether….
51 happen：发生 没有被动，物做主语 Something strange happened to him yesterday
What happened to you ?
碰巧 It happened that sb …. = sb happened to do sth
52 protect prevent: 前者是保护 protect sb from sth
后者是预防阻止 prevent sb from doing sth
53 影响: influence名词，潜移默化的影响 effect 强调效果，多数混用
influence, 动词，潜移默化影响， affect 即时的当下的影响，
54 意识到：realize ， be aware of , make sb aware of
55 值得做: be worth doing= be worthy of being done = be worthy to be done
It is worthwhile to do sth deserve to do sth
56 阻止某人做某事: prevent / stop/ keep sb from doing sth
forbid sb to do sth, prohibit sb from doing sth
57 决定: decide : decide to do sth, decide that sb should do sth(跟从句)
decide on sth （定，主要指的是时间上的）
determine: determine to do sth （要是指决心，但事情不一定马上做）
be determined to do sth (做非谓语时去掉be)
58 旨在， 目的是： be meant to do sth =be intended to do sth=be aimed at sth
这都是做谓语的, 语的话可用 with the intention of doing sth
59 担心: be worried about sth=be concerned about sth, care about sth
60 处理: do with, deal with , 这两个是在问题时有点区别，
前者与what 连用，后者与how 连用
处理问题主要用 deal with, handle, solve
61 treat cure: 前者是治疗过程，只指动作， 后者指 治愈，强调结果，
cure sb of sth receive treatment
62 最近: recently=lately
63 离开: be away. be off（可与时间连用） leave(不与时间段连用)
64 各种各样的：various, a variety of, all kinds of
65 位于，坐落于: be located at= be situated at = lie at ….
66 照顾: look after= take care of= care for
67 方法: way, means, method, approach
68 记住: remember= keep … in mind= bear …. in mind
69 有: 有具体对象做主语的用 have 没有的话只表示存在有用 there be
她的报道里没有新东西。
70 agree： agree to a plan(proposal ), agree on the price( date) agree with sb
agree to do sth, agree that ,….. 但不用agree sb to do sth
71 相信: believe sb, believe in sb= trust sb, be convinced of sth, be sure of sth
72 研究: study, research
73 使… : excite, interest, shock, surprise, astonish, disappoint, satisfy, please, 这类词都是及物动词，直接跟宾语， 也可以变为 v-ed, 表人感觉到， 变为 v-ing, 表示 令人 ……
使……的是： to one’s delight/ sorrow/ disappointment/ surprise/ joy/ relief/ satisfaction/ excitement/ anger/ amazement/ amusement/ puzzlement
74 参加: attend, (仪式，典礼，重大场合，会议，还可以说上课，上学，教堂)
join (加入后成为一员的， 入伍，俱乐部，队伍，学习小组等)
join in (别人组织的活动，你中途参与，例如讨论， 游戏等)
take part in (参与大型活动，自己必须出力的如竞赛)
compete in (特指比赛时的参与)
enter for (报名参加)
75 力： power, strength, force, energy
76 除了: besides, except, except for, but, apart from aside from
77 用光: run out (物做主语，没有被动，可用进行表将来)
run out of (人做主语用主动，物做主语用被动) = use up
give out （物做主语，没有被动）
78 搁一边：put aside// lay aside// set aside
79 应该: be supposed to do sth = should do sth
80 关于，就某某而言: in regard to= with regard to= as for= concerning=in terms of
81 减少: reduce= decrease= decline= cut down on =cut back on
82 沉迷于: be absorbed in, be concentrated on= be focused on= be engaged in
be addicted to= be lost in = be buried in
83 计划，打算: plan, mean, intend
84 习惯于: be used to, be accustomed to, (be 可换为get, become, 表动作)
85 time：at times, in time, on time, from time to time, for the time being
by the time, at a time. at one time, at no time, in no time,
all the time,
86 take: take in, take out, take away, take up, take down, take off,
take an exam, take a class take sb for example
87 way: by the way, in this way, in a way, in the way, on the way to sp,
on the way to doing sth (即将做某事)
88 delight: delight sb, be delighted in doing sth
89 tear: tear down ____________ tear up _____________
tear oneself away from sth ____________
90 in comfort, in danger, in silence, in particular, in public
on show, on business on strike
under way, under construction under repair under control
91 be adapted to, be connected to be exposed to be devoted to
be used to doing sth be related to be addicted to pay attention to
look forward to lead to contribute to
92 accuse sb of sth rob sb of sth remind sb of sth inform sb of sth
warn sb of sth require sb of sth
93 伤 ： hurt, wound, harm injure
94 破坏： damage, destroy ruin
95 高考阅读填空常用的一些归纳词
原因 reason(for) , cause(of) 目的 aim purpose goal, target,
种类 kind type sort, category, variety 定义 definition
用途 usage, function 意义 meaning 实例 example
重要性 importance significance 坏处缺点 harm, disadvantage
好处优点 benefit, advantage 方法 ways, methods, solution
过程步骤 step, procedure 问题难题 problem, issue question
结论摘要 conclusion, summary 建议提议 advice suggestions tips
影响结果 effect. influence result, consequence 材料： material
来源，历史：history, source, origin 措施： measure, action, activity
主题： topic, theme, main idea 情绪，感觉： feeling, emotion
特点：feature, characteristic
描述：description, appearance, look, color, size,
length, width, distance, height, shape
灾难：disaster, accident 关系： relation, relationship
时间，年代，年龄：date, time, age 性别：sex 国籍; nationality
事件：incident, event 相同， 不同： similarity, difference
职业： work, job, occupation, profession 设备： equipment
96 常跟同位语从句的名词
advice, thought, demand, doubt, fact, hope idea, information
message, news, order, problem promise question suggestion
truth, word
97 it 的用法 ：代替时间，天气，距离，金钱
It is important/ necessary/ vital/ hard/ easy/ a fact that….
It is said/ suggested/ thought/ reported/ believed that…
I like/ dislike/hate/ appreciate it if ….
It happened/ seemed/ turned out/appeared/ occurred to me that…
It was …. that…

二 常考句型默写
1 正要做某事突然……
be about to do sth when … / be on the point of doing sth when …
2 正在做某事突然…… be doing sth when …
3 过了……久才…… It was 时间段 before …
4 要过……久才…… It will be 时间段 before …
5 一……就…… As soon as … The moment / the minute / the second ….
Immediately/ directly / instantly ….
Hardly had sb done when … No sooner had sb done than …
Scarcely had sb done when….
On doing sth
6 直到……才……
Not until + 倒装结构 ; It was not until … that … ; not… until …
7 如此……以至于…… so… that … such … that
8 尽管…… Though … … as 主语 谓语， In spite of the fact that …
9 无论…… No matter wh- wh-ever
10 越……，就越…… The 比 主语 + 谓语， the 比 主语 + 谓语
11 ……是……的多少倍 主语 + 谓语 + 倍数 as … as … // -er than …
12 ……使必要的、重要的 It is necessary / important ... that …
13 据说…… It is said / reported/ thought/ believed … that …
14 难怪…… It is no wonder that …
15 看起来好像…… It looks as if ….
16 好像…… It seems that …
17 碰巧…… It happened that …
18 结果是…… It turned out that …
19 有可能…… It is possible / probable / likely that … Sb is likely to do sth
20 ……的原因是…… The reason why … is that …
21 我怀疑…… I doubt whether / if …
22 尽可能做…… do what sb can to do sth do sth as … as possible
23 该做某事了 It is time that sb did sth It is time to do sth
24 是某人第几次做某事 This is the first/… time that sb has done sth
25 众所周知 As is known to all,
What is known is that … It is known that ...
26 感叹句 What + n 主语+ 谓语！ How + adj 主语 + 谓语 ！
27 强调句 It is/was 被强调内容 that … do/ does / did v (强调谓语)
28 做某事花费某人多长时间 It took sb some time to do sth
Sb spent … doing sth
29 做某事没用 It is no use doing sth.
30 做某事浪费时间 It is a waste of time doing sth.
31 ……有待证明 It remains to be proved whether …
32 做某事没意义 There is no sense in doing sth.
33 没必要做某事 There is no need to do sth.
34 别无选择只好做 have no choice but to do sth.
35 禁不住做…… cannot help doing sth
36 再怎么也不过分 cannot be too … to …
37 忘记做过某事 forget doing sth
38 记得要做某事 remember to do sth
39 意味着做某事 mean doing sth
40 打算做某事 mean to do sth
41 后悔做过某事 regret doing sth
42 继续做另一件事 go on to do sth
43 试着做某事 try doing sth
44 努力做某事 try to do sth
45 need /require/ want : sth needs doing.
46 be worth : sth be worth doing.
46 forbid/allow/permit: allow doing sth allow sb to do sth
47 advise : advise doing sth advise sb to do sth advise that
48 order/demand/insist/advise/suggest/require/command/request:
order that sb should do sth
49 prefer: prefer to do sth rather than do sth prefer sth to sth
50 wish: wish to do sth wish sb to do sth wish that – (虚拟语气)
51 open, close, sell, wash, burn, write : sth sell well.
52 persuade : persuade sb to do sth persuade sb into doing sth
53 manage/try : manage to do sth
54 before long/ long before : 不久 、 很久以前
55 much too/ too much ： 太…… 、 太多的……
56 work hard/ hard work 努力工作、 勤奋
57 if only/ only if ： 要是……就好了！ 如果……
58 in pos