2021届高考英语二轮复习-强化练阅读理解—推理判断题课时优化作业.doc

2021届高考英语二轮复习 强化练阅读理解—推理判断题课时优化作业

2021届高考英语二轮复习 强化练阅读理解—推理判断题课时优化作业

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强化练(三)　阅读理解——推理判断题(一)
A
Teenage life is quite dramatic but that doesn't mean you cannot enjoy your life in these years.Even with your daily troubles, your life is not very hard if you know how to deal with them.
I know exactly how you feel.Teenage life can be hard.You are not a kid anymore, because you are smart enough to observe and analyze your surroundings.However, you are still not an adult because there are still lots of experiences that you need to have and lessons that you need to learn from these experiences.To top it all, the hormonal (荷尔蒙的) imbalance in your body can really mess you up.I have been there.I was in it for six years exploring what life is about!
As a teenager, I had a major problem completing my chores on time.And at that time, all that I needed to do was to finish my assignments, study for the upcoming tests and clean my room. Now, I have much more things to do: cooking, cleaning and working while striking a balance between all my relationships related to work, family and friends.That really is a lot of work.So, I will just give you one golden tip, quoting from Benjamin Franklin, “Never leave that till tomorrow which you can do today.”
Life becomes much easier now because I finish all my work on time and I have enough time to let my hair down.Half the problems of a teenager appear because we hate doing things.We'd rather go and have fun than sit down and take on our responsibilities.That is why you have so much trouble in your life; your parents won't let you go out with friends because you haven't cleaned your room or your teacher is always criticizing you because you haven't finished your assignments.
[语篇解读]　作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：如果你懂得如何处理日常烦恼，你的青少年生活就没有那么难了。
1．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 1?
A．Teenage life is tough.
B．Teenagers can't enjoy life.
C．Teenage life is changeable.
D．Teenagers should learn more.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Even with your daily troubles, your life is not very hard if you know how to deal with them.”可知，即使你有日常烦恼，如果你知道如何处理它们，你的生活也不会很难，由此可推知，第一段作者传递的信息是青少年应该学习处理自己的日常烦恼。故选D。
答案：D
2．What plays a key role in making teenage life hard according to the writer?
A．The adolescent changes.
B．The lack of life experience.
C．The failure of concentration.
D．The unfamiliar surroundings.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To top it all, the hormonal imbalance in your body can really mess you up.”可知，在所有的影响因素里面，最糟糕的是，身体里的荷尔蒙的不平衡会使青少年心情变差。由此可知，青春期的变化是让青少年的生活变得困难的关键因素。故选A。
答案：A
3．How did the writer feel about her teenage life?
A．It was difficult.　　　　 B．It was simple.
C．It was enjoyable. D．It was boring.
解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段第一句“As a teenager, I had a major problem completing my chores on time.”以及第四段第一句中的“Life becomes much easier now”可推知，作者的青少年生活也是困难的。故选A。
答案：A
4．What does the writer advise teenagers to do?
A．Abandon their friends.
B．Go and have fun.
C．Complete their homework.
D．Shoulder the burden.
解析：细节理解题。 根据全文内容，尤其是第四段第三、四句“We'd rather go and have fun than sit down and take on our responsibilities...you haven't finished your assignments.”可知，作者认为我们宁愿去尽情地玩，而不愿坐下来承担我们的责任，这就是生活中有这么多的烦恼的原因。由此可推知，作者建议青少年承担自己的责任，这样生活就没有那么难了。故选D。
答案：D
B
Adventure seeker Emma broke her ankle when she fell awkwardly while climbing a rock and spent a week in hospital waiting for an operation on her foot.When she was sent home to recover under strict instructions not to bear any weight, she became so fearful of crutches (拐杖) that she didn't move for three weeks.“I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself.So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day，” says Emma.
She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run—a quarterly (季度的) event that she hasn't missed since 2014.“If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year, one in each season, you can get Alpha Wolf status，” explains Emma.“This year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I'd lose my status.” So she was willing to try anything to get through the course—even with her injured ankle.
“I was telling my friend that I was going to cancel, but he persuaded me to give it a go.Having something to aim for really kept me going.” Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2.0, which is a medically approved device and it basically functions like a hi­tech artificial leg, allowing users to walk freely.“I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery.I could move around the house and start getting out and about again, which had a real impact on my mental well­being.”
On the day of the race, Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated.Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up (达到) her 23rd Wolf Run in six years.“It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going，” says Emma.
[语篇解读]　喜欢冒险的Emma在攀岩时不幸折断了踝关节并做了手术，之后在家休养；但是恰逢Wolf Run比赛，一想到自己不能参加这次比赛，Emma就感到很难过，因为自2014年以来她从未错过这个比赛。后来借助医疗设备iWALK2.0，又加上她自己要跑完的决心以及他人的支持，Emma最终完成了比赛。
5．Why was Emma frightened to use crutches?
A．She was afraid of recovering slowly.
B．She was warned not to move around.
C．She just had an operation on her foot.
D．She often got injured when using them.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself.”可知，Emma在使用拐杖的时候经常摔倒并弄伤自己，所以她害怕使用拐杖。故选D。
答案：D
6．What does the underlined word “gutted” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Extremely sad. 　　 B．A bit relieved.
C．Very surprised. D．Pretty cheerful.
解析：词义猜测题。 根据第二段第一句中的“missing the Wolf Run—a quarterly event that she hasn't missed since 2014”以及第三句中的“I was really upset that I'd lose my status”可推知，此处表示一想到自己要错过这次的Wolf Run，Emma就感到十分伤心。故选A。
答案：A
7．What actually made Emma take part in the race?
A．Her new hi­tech artificial leg.
B．Her fear of letting her friend down.
C．Her strong desire to achieve her ambition.
D．Her complete recovery from the operation.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第四段尾句中的“It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going”可推知，Emma想要完成比赛的强烈愿望促使她参加了该比赛。故选C。
答案：C
8．Which of the following best describes Emma?
A．Strong­willed. B．Supportive.
C．Creative. D．Humorous.
解析： 推理判断题。 根据第二段最后一句“So she was willing to try anything to get through the course—even with her injured ankle.”以及第四段第二句“Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up her 23rd Wolf Run in six years.”可知，即使脚踝受伤，Emma也要设法完成比赛；而且这已经是她在六年里第23次完成这项赛事了。由此可推知，Emma是一个意志坚强的人。故选A。
答案：A
C
Your circle of friends may help you get a better reading on your overall health and wellness rather than just using wearable devices such as a Fitbit, according to researchers.
The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, analyzed what the structure of the social network says about the state of health, happiness and stress.
“We were interested in the topology (拓扑学) of the social network—what my position within my social network predicts about my health and well­being，” said Nitesh V Chawla, a professor at the University of Notre Dame.
“What we found was that the social network structure provides a significant improvement in predictability of the wellness state of an individual over just using the data obtained from wearable devices, like the number of steps or the heart rate，” Chawla said.
For the study, participants wore a Fitbit to capture health behavior data about walking, sleeping, the heart rate and the overall activity level.They also completed surveys and self­assessment of their stress, happiness and positivity.
Chawla and his team then analyzed the data with a machine learning model, alongside the characteristics of an individual's social network.
The study showed a strong correlation (相关性) between social network structures and the heart rate, the number of steps and the level of activity.
The social network structure provided a significant improvement in predicting one's health and well­being compared to just looking at health behavior data from the Fitbit alone.
For example, when the social network structure is combined with the data from wearable devices, the machine learning model achieved a 65 percent improvement in predicting happiness.
The model also achieved a 54 percent improvement in predicting one's self­assessed health prediction, a 55 percent improvement in predicting the positive attitude and a 38 percent improvement in predicting success.
This study asserts (断言) that without social network information, we only have an incomplete view of an individual's wellness state.To be fully predictive, it is critical to be aware of the social network, Chawla said.
[语篇解读]　研究发现，比起仅仅通过设备去掌握自己的健康状况，结合社交网络结构能让人们更好地了解自己的健康状况。不通过社交网络信息评价一个人的健康状况是不全面的。
9．What did the study find?
A．How people choose their friend circles.
B．What factors decide your friend circles.
C．How your circle of friends influences you.
D．What your circle of friends says about your health.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，研究人员说，朋友圈有助于人们更好地了解自己的健康状况；再结合第二段的内容可知，D项正确。
答案：D
10．How did the researchers draw their conclusions?
A．By comparing data.
B．By giving examples.
C．By analyzing cause and effect.
D．By describing personal experiences.
解析：推理判断题。倒数第二段和倒数第三段都给出了数据来说明设备结合社交网络结构能更好地预测人的健康状况和其他方面。据此可推知，研究人员是通过比较数据的方法得出结论的，故A项正确。
答案：A
11．What does the underlined word “critical” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Easy. 　　　　　 B．Common.
C．Important. D．Challenging.
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句可知，如果没有社交网络信息，我们对人的健康状况的了解是不全面的；结合语境可知，画线词所在句表示要想充分预测人的健康状况，了解社交网络是至关重要的。据此可知，C项正确。
答案：C
12．What do Chawla's words in the last paragraph tell us?
A．How fitness devices can be connected with your circle of friends.
B．A person's social network is part of his health picture.
C．The best ways to make friends and keep a healthy social circle.
D．Wearable devices are not useful for understanding someone's health.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Chawla所说的话可知，要想充分预测人的健康状况，了解社交网络是至关重要的。据此可推知，个人的社交网络是描述一个人的健康状况的一部分，故B项正确。
答案：B