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河南省高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration必练题总结
1
单选题
1、China is fully capable to supply the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines; in other words, China has a/an ________ raw material supply.
A.optionalB.vitalC.instantD.sufficient
答案:D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:中国完全有能力提供生产COVID-19疫苗所需的原材料;换句话说,中国有充足的原料供应。A. optional可选择的;选修的;B. vital至关重要的;必不可少的;C. instant立刻的;马上的;D. sufficient足够的;充足的。根据前文“China is fully capable to supply the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines(中国完全有能力提供生产新冠肺炎疫苗所需的原材料)”语境可知,中国在新冠疫苗原材料方面原料充足。故选D项。
2、Gradually some of them get used to depending on their parents and lack the ability to solve problems _____.
A.independentlyB.individuallyC.irrespectivelyD.dependently
答案:A
考查副词词义辨析。句意:渐渐地,他们中的一些人习惯了依赖父母,缺乏独立解决问题的能力。A.independently独立地;B.individually个别地;C.irrespectively无关地;D.dependently依附地。根据句意,前面讲依赖于他们父母,所以应是缺乏独立性。故选A项。
3、People often wonder why historians go to so much trouble ________ millions of books, documents and records of the past.
A.preservingB.to be preservedC.to preserveD.preserved
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:人们常常想知道,为什么历史学家要费那么大的劲来保存数百万本过去的书籍、文献和记录。结合句意和句子结构可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语,且preserve和主语historians之间为逻辑主动关系,用不定式的一般式即可。故选C。
小提示:
4、You’ll never speak English well________you often practice it.
A.unlessB.ifC.orD.otherwise
答案:A
考查连词词义辨析。句意:除非你经常练习,否则你永远讲不好英语。A. unless除非; B. if如果;C. or或者;D. otherwise否则。根据“You’ll never speak English well”可知这里意思是除非你经常练习,否则你永远讲不好英语。故选A。
5、Walk along this road for 100 meters ________ you’ll see the hospital.
A.orB.otherwiseC.andD.or else
答案:C
考查连词词义辨析。句意:沿着这条街走100米,然后你就会看到医院。 A. or或者;B. otherwise否则;C. and然后、和;D. or else否则。“祈使句+and/or+简单句”为固定句型,此处应填and表示“然后”。故选C项。
6、Come to Dolly wood ________learning all about America’s historical southeastern culture !
A.have funB.to have funC.having funD.had fun
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:来多利伍德快乐地学习所有关于美国东南部的历史文化吧!句中已有谓语动词come且无连词,故空处应用非谓语动词;结合句意,表目的应用不定式。故选B。
7、He failed in the exam ________ his carelessness.
A.as a resultB.as a result ofC.result fromD.result in
答案:B
考查介词短语辨析。句意:由于粗心,他考试不及格。A. as a result结果;B. as a result of由于;C. result from由于;D. result in导致。根据句意可知,粗心是考试不及格的原因,所以排除A、D两项。又因句子已有谓语动词failed ,所以C项为动词短语原形,一般作谓语,也不符合语境,只有B项as a result of符合,表示“由于,因为”。故选B项。
8、I called the office to ________ them on the day’s developments.
A.informB.remindC.updateD.insist
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我打电话给办公室,向他们汇报当天的进展。A. inform通知;B. remind提醒;C. update向……提供最新信息;D. insist坚持。inform的搭配为inform sb of sth,意为“通知某人某事”;remind的搭配为remind sb of sth,意为“使某人想起……;提醒某人……”;insist的搭配为insist on (doing) sth,意为“坚持做某事”,或者后接宾语从句;而update的搭配为update sb on sth,意为“向某人提供最新信息”,在句中以动词不定式的形式作目的状语。故选C项。
9、Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, ________ to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.
A.has been desiringB.desired
C.had desiredD.have desired
答案:A
考查动词时态。句意:自上月以来,乔治就和他以前的同班同学一直希望在今年暑假举办一个毕业20年的同学聚会。根据时间状语since last month,可知谓语动词应用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时,且这个想法是一直存在的,还可能继续下去,故可用现在完成进行时,其结构为:助动词(have/has)+been+动词的现在分词。再结合选项,因主语为George,第三人称单数,主谓语法一致,应用has been desiring。故选A项。
10、An important negative effect of ______ is that it can hurt the person being talked about.
A.globeB.grillC.gossipD.garage
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:八卦的一个重要负面影响是,它会伤害被谈论的人。A. globe球体;B. grill烤架;C. gossip八卦,流言蜚语;D. garage车库。根据“it can hurt the person being talked about.”可知,此处是指聊八卦会伤害被谈论的人。故选C。
11、The Clear Your Plate Campaign urges people________ food by not wasting anything on the dining table.
A.savingB.to saveC.to have savedD.having saved
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:“清理你的盘子”运动敦促人们通过不浪费餐桌上的任何东西来节约食物。固定搭配urge sb. to do sth.译为“敦促某人做某事”。故选B。
12、________ a full discussion of the problem, the committee spent a whole hour exchanging their ideas at the meeting.
A.HaveB.HavingC.HadD.To have
答案:D
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了充分讨论这个问题,委员会在会上花了整整一个小时交换意见。分析句子结构可知,have在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作目的状语,应用不定式。故选D。
13、Physically challenged as Jack was, he didn’t himself to his fate.
A.resignB.preserveC.devoteD.attach
答案:A
考查动词词义辨析。句意:杰克虽然身体有缺陷,但他没有听天由命。A. resign辞职,放弃;B. preserve保护;C. devote贡献,把……专注于;D. attach重视。根据“didn’t”和“his fate”可知,此处表示没有听天由命,resign oneself to为固定短语,意为“听任”。故选A。
14、Angela Merkel started a non profit program ______ classroom activities, field trips and community projects ______ budding (崭露头角的) scientists.
A.offering; to inspireB.offering; inspiring
C.to offer; to inspireD.to offer; inspiring
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:Angela Merkel开始创办公益项目,提供室内活动,实地旅行以及社区项目来激发这些未来的科学家们。分析句子可知,started是谓语,空处1与started之间无连词连接,故空处1用动词非谓语形式,由语意可知,空处1应填动词offer的现在分词形式作后置定语修饰program,应填offering。而空处2同样也是要用动词的非谓语形式,结合语意可知,空处2考查的是动词不定式做目的状语,说明Angela Merkel创办公益项目的目的,应填to inspire。故选A项。
15、_____the energy problem, more than 100 experts from different countries got together and had a heated discussion.
A.SolvingB.SolvedC.To solveD.Having solved
答案:C
考查不定式。句意:为解决能源问题,来自不同国家的100多位专家齐聚一堂,进行了热烈的讨论。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处用不定式,作目的状语,故选C。
16、Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her ________ in discovering a new cure for malaria (疟疾).
A.differenceB.decisionC.procedureD.achievement
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:屠呦呦因发现治疗疟疾的新方法这一成就被授予诺贝尔奖。A. difference不同;B. decision决定;C. procedure步骤;D. achievement成就。结合语意,屠呦呦发现治疗疟疾的新方法是她取得的成就,所以空处应用achievement,表示“成就”。故选D项。
17、Parents ______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A.contributeB.payC.linkD.attach
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:家长们认为教育非常重要。他们将尽全力去给他们的孩子们这个无价的礼物。A.contribute贡献;B.pay付款;C.link联系;D.attach把…附加上。attach importance to sth表“重视某事”,为固定短语。故选A项。
18、With a strong _________ for English study, we threw ourselves into reading English novels.
A.desireB.argumentC.reputationD.responsibility
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:带着对英语学习的强烈愿望,我们全身心投入到阅读英语小说中。A. desire愿望;B. argument争论;C. reputation名声;D. responsibility责任。结合“we threw ourselves into reading English novels”可知,我们对英语学习有强烈的愿望。故选A项。
19、Studies show that people who socialize ________live longer than loners. Interact daily with family members and friends.
A.ideallyB.comparativelyC.additionallyD.regularly
答案:D
考查副词词义辨析。句意:研究表明,经常参加社交活动的人比孤独的人寿命更长。 每天要与家人和朋友互动。A.ideally理想地;B.comparatively相对的;C.additionally此外;D.regularly经常。根据句中的than可知,“孤独的人”相对的应该是经常和别人社交的人。故选D项。
20、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to China’s food ________.
A.lackB.cuisineC.securityD.purchase
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发,为中国的粮食安全做出了杰出的贡献。A. lack缺乏;B. cuisine风味;C. security安全;D. purchase采购。由语意可知,袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、安全的水稻。故选C项。
语法填空
21、He waited for a policeman to stop the traffic and wave the people ________ (pass) the street. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to pass
考查动词不定式。句意:他等着一个警察来阻止交通,挥手让人们通过这条街。wave sb to do sth“挥手让某人做某事”。故填to pass。
22、It is ________debate that the climate has changed markedly over the last century. (用适当的词填空)
答案:beyond
考查介词。句意:在过去的一个世纪里,气候发生了显著的变化是无可争辩的。分析句子结构可知,该句为it作形式主语的主语从句结构,主句为主系表结构,所以空格处应填入介词与debate搭配来作表语。短语beyond debate为固定短语,意为“无可争辩的”。故填beyond。
23、People expected the policy to result _________ 1 million more births. (用适当的词填空)
答案:in
考查介词。句意:人们预计该政策将带来100多万人口的出生。Result“产生,导致”,为不及物动词,故空格处应填入介词与1 million more births构成介宾结构。短语result in意为“导致”,符合题意。故填in。
24、Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn’t have found it________.(however, otherwise)(选择正确的词语填空)
答案:otherwise
考查副词。句意:谢谢你给我指路;否则我们不可能找到它。根据句意和所给两个副词可知,副词作状语,该题是考查however和otherwise的区别:however意义为“然而;不过;仍然”;而otherwise意义为“否则;不然”,根据句意,空格处的单词意义是“否则”。故填otherwise。
25、The man found it no use __________ (argue) with his wife. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:arguing
考查非谓语。句意:该男子发现与妻子争论没有用。分析句子结构,find it no use doing sth,表示“发现做某事没用”,it作形式宾语,空处要填arguing作真正的宾语。故答案为arguing。
26、The natural resources we have are ________. Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without ________. (limit) (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案: limited limit##limitation
考查形容词和名词。句意:我们拥有的自然资源是有限的。因此,我们没有理由无节制地浪费宝贵的资源。分析句子结构和意思可知,第一个空考查形容词limited,表示“有限的”意思,作表语;第二个空考查名词limit或者limitation,作介词without的宾语。故填①limited;②limit或limitation。
27、When she saw that her boyfriend was not happy, she made faces ________ (amuse) him. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to amuse
考查动词不定式。句意:当她看到她的男朋友不高兴时,她做鬼脸逗他开心。结合句意可知,做鬼脸的目的是逗他开心,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to amuse。
28、My father is _________(determine) to announce the news of his retirement to his colleagues. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:determined
考查形容词。句意:我父亲决心向同事们宣布他退休的消息。此处作表语,应用形容词determined。故填determined。
29、Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of ________(limit) resources.(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:limited
考查形容词。句意:对新技术影响的误判会导致有限资源的浪费。分析句子可知,此处应填形容词作定语修饰名词resources,结合语意可知,此处意为“有限的”,故空处应填limited。故填limited。
30、“I’m trying to get more and more people________(understand) that there are solutions(解决办法),” said Ms Burdeyney. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to understand
考查动词不定式。句意:“我试图让越来越多的人明白,解决办法是有的,”伯德尼女士说。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语get sb. to do sth.“让某人去做某事”,满足句意要求。故填to understand。
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