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四川省部分中学2023高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld易错知识点总结
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单选题
1、The way ________ you used to make fire ________ right.
A./, proved
B.that, was proved
C.in which, proved
D.what, has been proved
答案:A
考查定语从句和prove用法。句意:你使用的生火方法证明是对的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,其意为“方式”,定语从句引导词可用that或in which,也可省略;第二空用prove作连系动词,其意为“证明是,结果是”,后接形容词right作表语,根据句意,应用一般过去时态。故选A项。
2、All the _________ indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.
A.evidenceB.factC.factorD.cause
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:所有的证据都表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系。A. evidence证据;B. fact事实;C. factor因素;D. cause原因。由下文“indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.”可知,证据表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系,所以此处表示“证据”,应用evidence,故选A。
3、There will be much joy in family reunion dinners, as elders have the chance to________, and see________the wonder of the festive season through the eyes of younger generations.
A.reconnect … awakeB.reflect … aflame
C.relate … afreshD.reminisce … anew
答案:D
考查动词、形容词和副词词义辨析。句意:在团圆饭中会有很多欢乐,因为老人们有机会回忆,并通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。A. reconnect再联合,再连接 … awake醒着的; B. reflect 反思,反应,反射… aflame涨红了脸,发亮地;C. relate 使有联系… afresh重新开始;D. reminisce 回忆,追忆… anew重新,再。根据句意可知,第一空处指老人们有机会追忆节日的氛围,用reminisce符合题意;第二空用副词anew修饰动词see,表示通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。故选D。
4、I don’t want to give the ______ that I’m running away from the punishment.
A.descriptionB.impressionC.expressionD.performance
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不想给人留下我在逃避惩罚的印象。A. description描述;B. impression印象;C. expression表达;D. performance表演。根据句意和空格后that从句的内容可知,我不想给人留下一种印象——我在逃避惩罚。故选B项。
5、He is an expert on rice planting ______ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.
A.by whichB.from whomC.by whomD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配learn sth. from sb. 意为“从某人那儿学到……”,所以应该用介词from;因此本句中,先行词为expert,指人,关系代词放在介词之后只能用whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选B项。
6、I will never forget the scene ________ you saw me off in tears at the station.
A.whichB.whyC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意: 我永远不会忘记你在车站泪眼汪汪地为我送行的那一幕。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是scene(情景),是抽象地点名词,且定语从句中缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where来引导,故选D。
7、My attitude________him is that of a friend.
A.toB.asC.onD.For
答案:A
考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的态度是朋友的态度。A. to 朝、对于;B. as 作为、正如;C. on 在……之上;D. for 为了。分析句意再根据attitude可知,此处用介词to与attitude构成固定搭配,表示“对……的态度”符合语境。故选A项。
8、Unsuccessful people can always find reasons ________ they’re not doing well.
A.for whichB.thatC.of whichD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:没有成功的人总是能找到他们做不好的理由。分析句子结构可知,空格前reasons作先行词,空格处应填定语从句的引导词,分析从句成分可知,从句中缺少状语,所以应用why或for which引导定语从句。故选A。
9、She always considers her best friend as someone________ she can share everything.
A.about whomB.with whomC.with whichD.about which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:她总是认为她最好的朋友是一个可以分享一切的人。share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物。句中先行词为someone,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,所以用关系代词whom引导。故选B。
10、________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better.
A.Now thatB.AlthoughC.Due toD.Despite
答案:A
考查连词。句意:由于我的头脑清醒了,我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A. now that 既然;由于;B. although conj. 虽然;C. due to 由于;因为;D. despite prep. 尽管,虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里需要连词,表示“因为,由于”的意思,引导原因状语从句。C选项的是介词短语。故选A。
11、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools because of the ______ it can bring to the development of children’s brains.
A.systemsB.prioritiesC.barriersD.benefits
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:学校应该定期教授音乐,因为音乐对儿童大脑的发育有好处。A. systems体系,系统;B. priorities优先事项;C. barriers障碍;D. benefits好处。根据“Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools”推知,音乐对儿童大脑的发展是有好处的。故选D。
小提示:
12、The island ________ he lived with his children is far from the town.
A.whichB.for whichC.whoD.on which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:他和孩子们居住的岛离城镇很远。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“island”,句中涉及固定短语“live on”,意为“住在……上”,先行词“island”作介词“on”的宾语,指物,故应用“介词on+关系代词which”引导从句,故空格处应填“on which”。故选D项。
13、Would you mind if I ________you a personal question?
A.askB.askingC.will askedD.asked
答案:D
考查虚拟语气。句意:你介意我问你一个私人问题吗?在“Would you mind if 从句”句型中,从句谓语常用一般过去时进行虚拟,故选D。
14、________ lack of experience with a task of that scale, she was far from being a failure.
A.Except forB.AlthoughC.DespiteD.Even though
答案:C
考查介词(短语)和连词(短语)。句意:尽管她对这么大规模的任务缺乏经验,但她绝不是一个失败者。A. Except for除……之外(介词短语);B. Although尽管(连词);C. Despite尽管(介词);D. Even though尽管,即使(连词短语)。根据名词lack可知,前用介词(短语)。再根据“she was far from being a failure.”可知,前后为转折关系。故选C。
15、Regulations _____ that students attend at least 90% of the lectures.
A.demandB.askC.requireD.request
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:规定要求学生至少参加90%的课程。A. demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思;B. ask 一般用的比较多,比较通俗,语气也较客气;C. require表示“要求所必须的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”;D. request则表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求。根据句意以及主语Regulations可知,是指“规章制度对学生的要求”。故选C项。
16、The Rainbow Bookstore, ______ 50 years ago, was closing, ______ made me heartbroken.
A.dated back to; whichB.dating back to; which
C.dating from; whenD.dates from; when
答案:B
考查非谓语和定语从句。句意:可以追溯到50年前的彩虹书店要关了,这让我心碎了。根据句子结构和意思可知,第一空考查动词短语“date back to”的现在分词形式作后置定语,该短语没有被动形式,只有主动形式,所以用现在分词形式作后置定语;第二个空考查定语从句,先行词是整个主句“The Rainbow Bookstore, ______ 50 years ago, was closing”的内容,在非限制性定语从句“______ made me heartbroken”中做主语,所以用关系代词which。故选B。
17、Perhaps a settler would demand an Indian _________ off the settler’s land.
A.stayingB.to stayC.stayedD.stay
答案:D
考查非谓语动词。句意:也许殖民者会要求印第安人远离他们的土地。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词demand,后接从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,demand sb. to do sth. 是错误结构,demand后不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。故选D项。
18、Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the places ______ it will spend the winter.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:最后,蝴蝶设法到达它将要过冬的地方。分析句子结构可知,先行词是the places表地点,从句当中主语是it,谓语是will spend,宾语是the winter,所以从句当中应该用关系副词where来作地点状语。故选C。
19、He has reached a point of his life________he is supposed to make decisions of his own.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
20、Middle School attached to Shanghai Normal university, Minhang campus will reach its _________ of over 700 students this September.
A.targetB.struggleC.balanceD.contact
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:上海师范大学附属中学闵行校区将于今年9月达到700多名学生的目标。A. target目标;B. struggle奋斗,努力;C. balance平衡;D. contact联系。根据句意,设空处应表示“学校的目标”,故填名词target,作宾语。故选A。
完成句子
21、尽管生病了,怀特先生还是来参加了毕业典礼。
__________ illness, Mr White attended the graduation ceremony.
答案:Despite/In spite of
考查介词(短语)。根据句意和句子结构,此处需要表示“尽管”的介词(短语)与空后的名词illness构成介宾短语,故填Despite/In spite of。
22、我十年前住过的房子已经被推倒了。
The house_______ ________ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
答案: in which
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格及后句子为定语从句,修饰表地点的先行词the house,在从句中作状语,故填in which。
23、尽管事实是一直在下大雨,但她仍然匆忙地出了门。
________that it was raining heavily, she still went out hurriedly.
答案:Despite the fact
考查介词。结合句意,“尽管”可用介词despite表示,“事实”可用名词fact表示,此处特指“一直在下大雨”这个事实,所以fact前面需加定冠词the,表特指。分析句子结构可知,the fact充当介词despite的宾语,that it was raining heavily是fact的同位语从句。句首字母要大写。故填Despite the fact。
24、当遇见不熟悉的单词的时候,你最好查一下字典。
When you ________ word, you’d better________ a dictionary.
答案: come across/meet an unfamiliar refer to
考查固定短语。结合句意表示“遇见”短语为come across或meet,为一般现在时;表示“不熟悉的”应用形容词unfamiliar,作定语;表示“查阅”短语为refer to,上文为短语had better do sth.。故填①come across/meet an unfamiliar;②refer to。
25、她向我们准确地形容过那房子。
She ________of the house.
答案:gave us an accurate description
考查时态和固定短语。give sb. a description of向某人描述,表示“准确”可以用形容词accurate修饰名词description,accurate以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an修饰。句子陈述过去事情,用一般过去时,give使用过去式gave。故填gave us an accurate description。
26、_____________(尽管)the snow outside, he went to work as usual. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
答案:Despite
考查介词。句意:尽管外面在下雨,他还是像往常一样出去工作了。根据汉语意思“尽管”可知应填介词despite,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Despite。
27、我建议立即购买提到的那本字典。
I recommend that the dictionary ________ be bought at once.
答案:referred to (should)
考查非谓语和虚拟语气。根据语法规则recommend表示“建议”时,从句中的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形表示虚拟语气,分析句子结构可知,“提到的”应作定语来修饰“ the dictionary”,所以应用过去分词referred to 作后置定语,所以空格处应填referred to (should)。故填referred to (should)。
28、斯诺首先在地图上标出所有死者住所的确切位置。
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places ________ all those who died ________ ________.
答案: where had lived
考查定语从句、动词和时态。对比中英文句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰名词places,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where;表示“居住”应用live,该词为where引导的定语从句的谓语动词,动作发生在“去世”之前,应用过去完成时。故填where;had;live。
小提示:
29、杰克那时没有信心和勇气,这就是他放弃那个计划的原因。
Jack had no confidence and courage at that time. That was the reason _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
答案: why he gave up the plan
考查定语从句、时态和动词短语。分析句子结构可知,设空处为定语从句,用来修饰先行词reason,作原因状语,由关系副词why引导;结合汉语提示,从句主语应使用代词he;“放弃”应使用动词短语give up,时态为一般过去时,应使用过去式,为gave up;“那个计划”应使用名词the plan。故填why he gave up the plan。
30、京剧距今已有200多年的历史,起源于18世纪。
Peking Opera, which has over 200 years of history, ________ the 18th century.
答案:dates back to/from
考查时态。表示“起源于”应用动词短语date back to/from,结合“has”可知,主句使用一般现在时,主语为Peking Opera,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to/from。
语法填空
31、This is a file in ________many natural disasters are recorded. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which
考查定语从句。句意:这是一个记录了许多自然灾害的档案。in ____ many natural disasters are recorded是定语从句,修饰a file。关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语,指物,应该用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
32、The tool___________ ____________ he is working is called an engine. (用适当的词填空)
答案: with which
考查定语从句。句意:他正在使用的工具叫做发动机。此处是定语从句,修饰名词The tool;The tool 不是work的对象,而是用来工作的工具,由“work with the tool”可知要在关系词前面加with;关系词指物,直接放在介词后作宾语时,通常要用which;故空处一填with,空处二填which。
33、He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ________he is likely to lose control over the plane. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:他把自己置于一个危险的境地,他很可能失去对飞机的控制。先行词为situation,从句缺少地点状语,故用where引导。故填where。
34、When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句关系词。句意:当我到达时,Bryan带我去看我要住的房子。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为house,在从句中作地点状语,因而用where引导。故填where。
35、More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand________ clean energy. (用适当的词填空)
答案:for
考查介词。句意:更多的风力发电站将不断涌现,以满足对清洁能源的需求。短语meet the demand for,意为“满足对……的需求”。根据句意和语境,故填for。
36、The village has developed a lot ________ we learned farming two years ago. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:这个村庄发展了很多,我们两年前在那里学了农业。先行词为village,在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。
37、There was a time_______ people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:曾几何时,人们可能会因为要一张单人桌而感到尴尬,但那种日子已经一去不复返了。此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是time,在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
38、The gentleman ___________ ____________you spoke just now is our headmaster. (用适当的词填空)
答案: to##with whom
考查定语从句。句意:刚才和你说话的那位先生是我们的校长。“you spoke just now”是限制性定语从句,先行词为The gentleman,指人,且speak to/with sb.为固定搭配,意为“和……说话”,先行词在定语从句中作介词后面的宾语,此处应用“介词+关系代词”来引导定语从句,关系代词应用whom,故第填①to/with ②whom。
39、It was a time _________ people weren’t so hung up about health. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:那是一个人们不太关心健康的时代。 分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词a time,关系词指代time,从句中作地点状语,用关系副词when,故填when。
40、The book discusses the extent ________which family life has changed over the past 50 years. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查定语从句。句意:这本书讨论了过去50年来家庭生活的变化程度。分析句子可知,该句是一个定语从句,先行词是extent,从句中句子成分完整,且关系词中有which,此处需用“介词+which”的结构;先行词extent与介词to搭配,to...extent意为“到……程度”,which其前需加介词to。故填to。
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