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(每日一练)全国通用版人教版高中英语必修一WelcomeUnit典型例题
单选题
1、In the near future, there ________ self-driving cars in our city.
A.isB.wasC.areD.will be
答案:D
考查一般将来时。句意:在不久的将来,我们的城市将有自动驾驶汽车。根据In the near future可知用there be句型的一般将来时,其构成是there will be,故选D。
2、Afternoon tea, ________ as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.
A.to designB.designingC.designedD.having designed
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:下午茶的历史可以追溯到19世纪40年代,是午餐和晚餐之间的一种小吃。本句已有谓语date back to,所以空白处为非谓语。动词design和所修饰的名词短语Afternoon tea之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语,由逗号隔开,相当于非限制性定语从句。故选C项。
3、①Mum ②encouraged ③me ④to try different kinds of food.
①②③④分别代表不同的句子成分,请选择分析正确的一项
A.主语、谓语、宾语、宾语B.主语、谓语、宾语、补语
C.主语、谓语、表语、状语D.主语、谓语、宾语、状语
答案:B
考查句子成分。句意:妈妈鼓励我尝试不同种类的食物。分析句子可知,名词Mum“妈妈”在句中作主语,表示动作的发出者;动词encouraged“鼓励”在句中作谓语,表示主语发出的动作;代词的宾格me“我”在句中作宾语,表示动作的承受者;不定式短语to try different kinds of food“尝试不同种类的食物” 在句中作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的动作。①②③④分别是主语、谓语、宾语、补语。故选B项。
4、The government will have to ________ the challenge of rising unemployment.
A.rise toB.look forward to
C.make the most ofD.take advantage of
答案:A
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:政府将不得不应对失业率上升的挑战。A. rise to应付……;上升到……;B. look forward to盼望,期望;C. make the most of充分利用;D. take advantage of利用。根据“the challenge of rising unemployment.”可知,政府将必须应对失业率上升的挑战。故选A。
5、Be as careful of the books you read, as of the ________ you keep, for your habits and character will be as much influenced by the ________ as by the latter.
A.resentment...formalB.company . . .former
C.hatred...formalD.virtue...former
答案:B
考查名词和形容词辨析。句意:对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨慎,因为你的习惯和性格受到前者(书籍)和后者(朋友)的影响一样大。A.resentment愤恨,formal正式的;B.company同伴, former前者(的);C.hatred憎恨,formal正式的;D.virtue美德,former前者(的)。根据“Be as careful of the books you read”可知,第一空拿读书和交友作比较,所以选“同伴”;根据“the latter”可知,第二空将前者和后者进行对比,所以选“前者”,故选B。
6、Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order . 句子中的谓语动词是______.
A.tiredB.knowingC.hadD.order
答案:C
考查句子结构。句意:我们又累又饿,又不会说中文,根本不知道怎么点餐。句子主语是I,谓语动词是had,宾语是no idea,构成主谓宾结构。Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese为状语成分。故选C。
7、Emily Dickinson is generally _________ as one of the finest women poets in history.
A.restrictedB.acknowledgedC.designedD.employed
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Emily Dickinson是公认的历史上最优秀的女诗人之一。A. restricted限制;B. acknowledged承认;C. designed设计;D. employed雇用。结合句意可知,此处指“被公认为是历史上最优秀的女诗人之一”,be acknowledged as被公认为,固定搭配。故选B项。
8、Each one of us are highly recommended to ________ oil and gas by taking advantage of the renewable energy sources.
A.dismissB.concentrateC.possessD.conserve
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们每个人都被强烈建议通过使用可再生能源来节约石油和天然气。A. dismiss解雇;B. concentrate集中注意力;C. possess拥有;D. conserve节约,保护。根据句意及常识可知,人们通过使用可再生资源,以到达节约石油和天然气的目的。conserve意为“节约”符合题意。故选D项。
9、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute ________ in his father.
A.campaignB.cautionC.confidenceD.collection
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助,他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动;B. caution谨慎;C. confidence自信;D. collection收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help”可知,汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心,have confidence in sb.表示“对某人有信心”。故选C。
10、When entering the office, ____.
A.Roger was found sitting at a deskB.we found Roger seated at a desk
C.Roger was found sat at a deskD.it was we who found Roger seat at a desk
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:当我们进入办公室时,发现罗杰坐在一张桌子旁。分析句子和句意可知,本句为状语从句的省略,主从句的主语都为we,还原后为:When we were entering the office,we found Roger seated at a desk。故选B项。
小提示:
11、The programme ________ for children under 7 turned out to be a failure.
A.designingB.intendedC.workedD.meaning
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:那个针对七岁以下儿童的项目结果失败了。A. designing设计;B. intended打算;C. worked工作;D. meaning意味着。根据后文“for children under 7”指针对七岁以下儿童的项目,应用过去分词intended作定语。be intended for“专为......准备”。故选B。
12、I think you should go back to your _______ plan, which is much more practical than the present one.
A.epicB.originalC.awkwardD.fictional
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我认为你应该转回到你原来的计划,要比现在计划实际得多。A. epic史诗的,壮丽的;B. original最初的;C. awkward局促不安的,令人尴尬的;D. fictional虚构的,小说(中)的。根据句意可知,此处意为“最初的计划”,表达为the original plan,故选B。
13、My father on me the value of hard work, teaching me to be an honest worker.
A.leftB.entertainedC.whisperedD.impressed
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我父亲让我铭记努力工作的价值,教我做一个诚实的工人。A. left 离开;B. entertained 使娱乐;C. whispered 低声说;D. impressed 使印象深刻。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处表示过去事实,故使用一般过去时。impress on sb sth为固定短语,意为“使某人牢记;使某人铭记”,符合句意。故选D项。
14、As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure.
A.turns outB.leads toC.results fromD.concentrates on
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们都知道,成功在于努力,而懒惰导致失败。A. turns out结果是;B. leads to导致;C. results from由于;D. concentrates on集中精力于。根据前后文语境“success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure”可知,懒惰导致失败,应用lead to。故选B。
15、—How long did David work here?
—For half of a year, but he didn’t leave much __________ on us.
A.expressionB.instructionC.conclusionD.impression
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:——大卫在这里工作了多久?——四年半,但他没有给我们留下太深的印象。A. expression表情、表达;B. instruction指示、说明;C. conclusion结论;D. impression印象。leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”,结合前文leave和后文介词on可知,符合题意。故选D项。
16、It’s a _______ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of the Covid-19.
A.cheerfulB.classicalC.creativeD.curious
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,建造方舱医院来接收患者是一个有创意的想法。A. cheerful欢快的;B. classical经典的;C. creative有创意的;D. curious好奇的。根据句意及常识可知,建造方舱医院是我们国家的一个有创意的想法。故选C。
17、She is so __________ a woman that she is certain of her views.
A.familiarB.ordinaryC.significantD.confident
答案:D
考查形容词。句意:她是一个非常自信的女人,确信自己的观点。A. familiar熟悉的; B. ordinary普通的; C. significant重要的; D. confident自信的。根据句中的“she is certain of her views.(她确信自己的观点)”可知,她一定是个自信的女人。故选D项。
18、He waited________ for spring.
A.anxiouslyB.anxiousC.anxietyD.anxieties
答案:A
考查副词。句意:他焦急地等待春天的到来。A. anxiously副词,焦急地;B. anxious形容词,焦急的;C. anxiety名词,焦虑;D. anxieties名词(anxiety的复数)担心;害怕。修饰动词wait应用副词anxiously,作状语。故选A。
19、Young people show a _______ for larger friend groups, more intimacy and companionship.
A.companyB.preferenceC.experienceD.selection
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:年轻人更喜欢更大的朋友群,更亲密,更陪伴。A. company陪伴;B. preference偏爱;C. experience经验;D. selection挑选。preference for对……的偏爱。根据“for larger friend groups, more intimacy and companionship.”可知,年轻人更偏爱更大的朋友群。故选B。
20、The campus was so beautiful and quiet that I wanted to ___________it.
A.changeB.exploreC.attackD.decorate
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:校园是如此美丽和安静以至于我想要探索它。A. change改变;B. explore探索;C. attack袭击;D. decorate装饰。根据句意可知,句子为结果状语从句,校园是如此美丽和安静,所以我应该是想要探索它,“explore”意为“探索”,动词词性,符合句意。故选B项。
21、People gathered to______ their opposition to the plans.
A.exchangeB.registerC.concentrateD.design
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:人们聚集起来表示反对这些计划。A. exchange交换;B. register发表意见,注册;C. concentrate集中;D. design设计。根据句意,句中表示“发表反对意见”用register their opposition。故选B。
22、There are _________ animals in this world, which keeps the balance of nature.
A.frightenedB.formerC.variousD.likely
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在这个世界上有各种各样的动物,这保持了自然的平衡。A. frightened害怕的;B. former先前的;C. various各种各样的;D. likely可能的。根据“which keeps the balance of nature”可知,动物多样性保持自然界平衡。故选C。
23、Setting goals makes you______.
A.confidenceB.confidentlyC.to be confidentD.confident
答案:D
考查形容词。句意:设置目标让你充满信心。make后接复合宾语,空处用形容词作宾语补足语,解释说明宾语you,故选D。
小提示:
24、She couldn’t make herself heard above the noise of the traffic.
The structure of the sentence is ______.
A.主+谓+宾B.主+谓+间宾+直宾
C.主+系+表D.主+谓+宾+宾补
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:在车辆的嘈杂声中,她无法使人听见她的声音。分析句子结构可知,这个句子的主语是She,谓语是 couldn’t make,宾语是 herself ,过去分词heard作宾语补足语。故选D项。
25、Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork(团队合作), which improve the relationships in the community(社区). It’s the ________ that he can make on people.
A.passionB.impressionC.impactD.career
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意。普鲁伊特的课程教授团队合作,这可以改善社区的关系。这是他能对人们产生的影响。A. passion热情、激情;B. impression印象;C. impact影响;D. career职业、事业。根据前面的“Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork(团队合作), which improve the relationships in the community(社区).”可知,Pruitt的课程教授团队协作,这可以改善社区的关系,给人们带来影响。make an impact on为固定搭配,表示“对……产生影响”。故选C项。
26、The soldier’s bag is full of medals. 划线部分是什么短语?
A.NPB.AdjPC.AdvPD.VP
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:士兵的包里装满了奖章。The soldier’s bag 为主语,is为系动词,all of medals为形容词短语(AdjP)作表语。故选B。
27、Sally, ______ the remote African village over a decade, was going to bring its history to others in a relatively relaxing environment.
A.having exploredB.being exploredC.exploredD.exploring
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:莎莉在这个偏远的非洲村庄探险了十多年,她打算在一个相对轻松的环境中把这里的历史带给别人。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词was going to bring ,空处需填非谓语动词作状语,主语和“探索”是主动关系,用现在分词,“探索”发生在was going to bring之前,先发生,用现在分词的完成式。故选A。
28、This year’s Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou, whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin.句子中的主语是:
A.this yearB.Nobel PrizeC.physiologyD.medicine
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖被授予屠呦呦,她的研究导致了青蒿素的发现。分析可知,句中涉及一个whose引导的非限制性定语从句,因此句子主语应在主句部分找;主句中:主语为Nobel Prize,This year’s和for physiology or medicine分别作为Nobel Prize的前置定语和后置定语;谓语为has been awarded to ;宾语为Tu Youyou。故选B。
29、The resolution will be significant for the nation to seize the period of strategic________as it faces the most complicated external environments.
A.organizationB.oppositionC.opportunityD.occupation
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:该决议对于我国在最复杂的外部环境下抓住战略机遇期具有重要意义。A. organization组织;B. opposition反对;C. opportunity机会;D. occupation职业。根据句意可知,这里表示“抓住战略机遇期”,故选C。
30、The man never rides a bike.
A.SVB.SVAC.SVPD.SVO
答案:D
考查基本句型。句意:这个人从不骑自行车。The man是主语,never是状语,rides是谓语动词,a bike是宾语。由此可知,本句属于“主谓宾”句型。故选D。
完成句子
31、千里之行,始于足下。
A thousand—mile journey ________ the first step.
答案:starts/begins with
考查短语、主谓一致和时态。根据汉语提示可知,空处的内容为“开始于”,短语:start/begin with“开始于”,符合题意,主语A thousand—mile journey为单数,且表示客观事实,所以空处用一般现在时的单数。故填starts/begins with。
32、在湿滑的地面上踢足球如果你不小心可能会伤到你的脚。
________a football on the wet ground can hurt your foot if you are not careful.
答案:Kicking
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,空白处需要动词表达“踢”,且作句子的主语,要用动名词形式。故填Kicking。
33、________________________ while we are swimming?
如果我们游泳时下雨怎么办?
答案:What if it rains
考查固定句式。表示“如果……会怎么样?”的固定句式为“What if…? ”,后接完整的句子,常用一般现在时态;表示“下雨”为“it rains”。故填What if it rains。
34、你在课堂上记笔记通常用钢笔还是铅笔?
Do you usually____ ____in class with a pen or pencil?
答案: take notes
考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用固定短语take notes“记笔记”,本句为一般疑问句,谓语动词应还原为原形。故填①take;②notes。
35、我发现英语在我们的日常生活中非常有用。
I __________ __________ __________ __________in our daily life.
答案: find English very useful / helpful
考查动词时态和形容词。句意:我发现英语在我们的日常生活中非常有用。find发现;English英语;very非常;useful/helpful有用的;“find+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构,此处陈述客观事实,需用一般现在时,主语为I,谓语动词用原形,useful/helpful为形容词作宾语补足语。故答案是①find②English③very④useful / helpful。
36、一句多译
他发现他们没有等他,这让他感到恼怒。
1 .________, he found they hadn’t waited for him. (annoyance)
2 .________ he found they hadn’t waited for him. (what引导的主语从句)
答案: To his annoyance What annoyed him was that
解析:【小题1】考查固定搭配。根据句意“让他感到恼怒的是”及提示词annoyance可知,空处应为固定搭配to one’s annoyance。故填To his annoyance。
【小题2】考查主语从句。根据要求“用what引导的主语从句”可知,空处应用动词annoy,为及物动词,直接加宾语,从句缺少主语,且指代事物,用what引导,结合句意“让他感到恼怒的是”应为what annoyed him为主语从句,照应空后是时态为过去的时态,所以主语从句的时态也应保持一致。空后为完整的句子,故考虑为表语从句,应用连接词that来引导。整体结构为主系表结构,所以表语从句前应为主句的谓语be动词,照应时态,为一般过去时。故填What annoyed him was that。
37、我现在渴望尽早回到工作岗位。
I now ____ ____ ______going back to work as soon as possible.
答案: look forward to
考查时态和固定搭配。根据句意,可推出是look forward to表示“期望,渴望”。根据时间状语now可知,用一般现在时。故填look forward to。
38、在高中,你应该多思考、学习和探索。
At senior high you should think, study and ________________.
答案:explore more
考查动词和副词比较级。句意:在高中,你应该多思考、学习和探索。explore探索;more更多地;情态动词should后面需加动词原形,more修饰动词explore,结合语境,需用副词比较级。故答案是explore more。
39、The children ________________________, playing happily with each other, and setting off fireworks.
孩子们盼望着收到压岁钱,一起高兴地玩耍,放烟火。
答案:are looking forward to receiving lucky money
考查动词词组和时态。根据中文可知空格处填意为“盼望着收压岁钱”的表达。“盼望着”可译为look forward to,且表示一种持续的状态,可用现在进行时。“收压岁钱”可用receive lucky money,且look forward to后需接动名词。故填are looking forward to receiving lucky money。
40、带着快乐和自信,我们开始每一次新探索,发现一些意想不到、稀奇古怪的东西。
_______ _______ _______ _______ , we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness.
答案: With pleasure and confidence
考查介词和名词。分析原文可知,“带着快乐和自信”是伴随状语,可用介词with,意为“和……在一起;具有”,“快乐和自信”用pleasure and confidence表示。句首单词首字母大写。故填①With;②pleasure;③and;④confidence。
语法填空
41、Your encouragement made me more ________ (confidence) about the speech competition. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:confident
考查形容词。句意:你的鼓励使我对演讲比赛更有信心。make sb. + adj.,意为“使某人……”,此处用形容词confident做宾语me的宾语补足语。故填confident。
42、The nation’s economy is growing rapidly and people are looking forward ________ a better life. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查介词。句意:这个国家的经济正在迅速增长,人们都期待着更好的生活。 look forward to sth.是固定短语,译为“期待、盼望某事”;故填to。
43、He was expected to concentrate ______ his studies and make something of himself.(用适当的词填空)
答案: on
考查介词,句意:人们期望他集中精力学习,出人头地。短语:concentrate on“专心致志于……”,故填on。
44、________ a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before. (用适当的词填空)
答案:What
考查感叹句。句意:多么奇怪的植物啊!我以前从未见过它。第一句是一个感叹句,它的完整形式为“What a strange plant it is!”。因为中心词是名词plant,所以用What引出感叹句。故填what。
45、The exercises are designed to _______________(strength) your stomach muscles. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:strengthen
考查动词。句意:这些运动旨在增强你的腹肌。根据句意可知,此处使用动词strengthen,固定短语be designed to do sth.“”,应使用动词原形。故填strengthen。
46、We are________(curiosity) about how the trapped miners were rescued. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:curious
考查形容词。句意:我们对被困矿工是如何获救的很好奇。该空在系动词之后作表语,表示“好奇的”,应该用形容词。故填curious。
47、She wonders how to make a good first ________(impress).(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:impression
考查名词。句意:她想知道如何给人留下良好的第一印象。作宾语,应用名词impression,不定冠词提示用单数。故填impression。
48、The little boy was curious about everything around him, and his parents always satisfied his ________ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:curiosity
考查名词。句意:这个小男孩对他周围的一切事物都很好奇,他的父母总是满足他的好奇心。his为形容词性物主代词,后面需接名词,curiosity好奇心,是不可数名词。故填curiosity.
49、Tennis players need total ____(concentrate) during play. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:concentration
考查名词。句意:网球运动员在比赛中需要全神贯注。根据句意及空前need可知,此处使用名词做need的宾语,concentration表示“专心”时,为不可数名词。故填concentration。
50、The chemist said he _______ (experiment) with the chemical the next Saturday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:would experiment##was going to experiment
考查时态。句意:化学家说他将在下个星期六用这种化学物质做实验。分析句子,设空处应该使用动词作宾从句的谓语。此处表示的即将发生的动作,同时根据主句中的said可知,时间为过去,故使用过去将来时。故填would experiment或was going to experiment。
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