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人教版PEP小学英语六年级知识要点及习题总复习讲义
人教版PEP小学英语六年级知识要点及习题总复习讲义
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人教版PEP山林小学英语六年级知识要点及习题总复习讲义
名词复数规则
1. 一般情况下,直接加—s,如:
book—books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed—beds
2。以s.x.sh。ch结尾,加-es,如:
bus—buses,box-boxes,peach-peaches, watch-watches
3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:
family-families, strawberry—strawberries
4。以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加—es,(但有一个特例:roof→roofs)。
如: knife—knives leaf—leaves wife-wives thief—thieves wolf—wolves
5。以“o”结尾的单词,如果有生命,加-es;如果没有生命,加-s。
如:①有生命:potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango—mangoes(芒果)hero-heroes(英雄) Negro— Negroes (黑人)
②没生命:radio—radios piano-pianos photo—photos zoo—zoos
6.不规则名词的复数变化:
(一)完全不规则:
man-men woman-women policeman—policemen policewoman—policewomen mouse-mice child—children foot—feet tooth-teeth goose-geese
(二)单数复数同形:
fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer people—people
Chinese—Chinese Japanese-Japanese
小练习:
写出下列各词的复数
I _______ him ______ this ______ her ______ watch _______ child ______ photo ______ diary______day______foot_______ book______ dress _____tooth______ sheep ______box_____ strawberry ________ leaf ____ potato ______ peach______ bus ______ man______ woman______ paper_______ juice______
water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
一般现在时态
一般现在时基本用法介绍
1.一般现在时的功能
1)。表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue。天空是蓝色的。
2)。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3)。表示客观现实.如:The earth goes around the sun。地球绕着太阳转。
2.一般现在时的构成
1)。be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它.如:
I am a boy。我是一个男孩。
2)。行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。
(1)当主语为第一、第二人称或复数做主语时,谓动是原形。如: I like English.我喜欢英语。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(2)当主语为第三人称(he, she,it)或单数时,要在动词后加"-s"或”—es"。如: Mary likes Chinese。玛丽喜欢汉语。
3.一般现在时的变化
A、be 动词的变化
a。肯变否句,有be动词is\am\are\was\were,直接在is\am\are 动词后加not。
(注:我(I)用am,你(you) 用are,is跟着他、她、它,单数和不可数名次用is,复数用are)
如:He is not a worker。他不是工人。
b.肯变一般疑问句:Is\Am\are+主语+其它 ?
(注:I\We变you,you 变I\we,其他人称不变)
如:-I am a student.→-Are you a student?(注:一般疑问句有肯定和否定回答)
-Yes,I am。/ No,I'm not.
c.特殊疑问句:疑问词(How\What\Where\When\How many。..)+一般疑问句?(注:特殊疑问句直接回答)
如:Where is my car? It's under the chair.
B。行为动词的变化.
a。肯变否定句:
主语(第一、第二人称或复数)+ don't +动词原形(+其它).如:
I don't like bread。
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:
He doesn’t often play computer games。
b.肯变一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它?
当主语为第一、第二人称或复数时用助动词Do构成一般疑问句。如:
— Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称或单数时,要用Does构成一般疑问句.如:
— Does she go to work by bike?
— Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't。
c。特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?
4。动词第三人称单数加”—s”或”-es"形式的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加—s,如:play—plays, work-works.
2.以s. x. sh。 ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch—watches, go—goes,do—does
3。以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study—studies.
4.以不发音的e结尾,直接加-s .如:make-makes.
5。特殊词have—has.
一般现在时用法专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go ______ stay ______ make ______
look _______ have_______ pass______ carry ______ come______ watch______ plant_______ fly _______ study_______ brush_______ do________ teach_______ like_________
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1。He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3。We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4.Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday。
5。______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6。What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7._______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8。The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays。
9。She and I ________(watch) TV together every evening.
10.There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11.Mike _______(like) cooking。
12.They _______(have) the same hobby。
13.My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14。You always _______(do) your homework well.
15.I _______(be) ill。 I'm staying in bed。
16。She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17.Liu Tao _______(do not) like PE.
18。The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19。Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20.-What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday。
三、按照要求改写句子
1。Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2.I am a teacher。(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
____________________________________________________
3.She likes milk。(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
___________________________________________________
4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________
6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7.I like taking pictures on the holiday。(对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________
8。John comes from Canada。(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9。She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
_______________________________________________________
10.Simon and Daniel like going skating。(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
四、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1。 Is your brother speak English? __________________________________________________
2。 Does he likes going fishing? __________________________________________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________________________________________
4。 Miss wei teachs us English. __________________________________________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays.
_________________________________________________
现在进行时态
1。现在进行时表示事情现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构由be+动词ing.
(即is \am\are\was\were+v—ing) 。
3. 现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
(即is \am\are\was\were+not+v-ing)
4. 现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
(即Is \Am\Are\Was\Were +主语+v-ing)
5。现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词(How\What\Where\When\How many...) + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make—making, taste—tasting
3.单音节词以辅元辅结尾,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run—running, stop—stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1。The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now。
2。 Listen !Some girls ___________( sing)in the classroom 。
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now。
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5。 Look ! They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6。They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now。
7。Look! the girls _____________(dance )in the classroom .
8。—What is our mother doing?
She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o'clock now。 We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换:
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
3.I'm playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_______________________________________________________
4.Tom is reading books in his study 。 (对划线部分进行提问)
_______________________________________________________
一般将来时态
一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事.句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等.
二、基本结构:
①be going to + do;
②will+ do.
三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)后加not或情态动词will后加not成won't。
例如:I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I'm not going to have a picnic this afternoon。
四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换.
例如:We are going to take a trip this weekend. → Are you going to take a trip this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问.一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况.
1.问人,用疑问词Who 。例如:I'm going to New York tomorrow。 →Who’s going to New York tomorrow?
2。问干什么。用What … do。例如:My father is going to watch TV this afternoon。 →What is your father going to do this afternoon?
3.问什么时候。用When。例如:She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句:be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天)。 = I will go swimming tomorrow.
将来时态练习:
填空.
1。我打算明天和朋友去野炊.
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends。
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ______ _______ _______ _______ ______ next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball。
What _________ you do next Monday? I _______ play basketball.
3。你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _____ ______ go shopping this _______?
Yes, she _________。 She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4。你们打算什么时候去旅行。
When_______ you _________ __________ take a trip?
改句子.
5.Nancy is going to go shopping.(改否定句)
Nancy ________ going to go shopping.
6.I'll go swimming with them.(改否定句)
I _______ go swimming with them.
7。I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow。(改一般疑问句)
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8.We will take a bus to the library。(改一般疑问句)
_______ ________ take a bus to the library?
9。She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10。My father and mother are going to do housework tomorrow。(对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ going to do housework tomorrow?
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11。Today is a sunny day。
We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12。My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13。Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot。 But today is rainy。 He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14.What do you usually do on weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(watch) insects?
15。It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend?
She ____________(watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___(do) you do last Sunday? I ___(pick) apples on a farm.
What _____you____(do) next Sunday? I _______collect stamps.
17.Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18.Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday。
19.David ______________ (have) a birthday party next Monday.
20。I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
一般过去时态
1. 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday,last weekend \monday\year。..,the day before yesterday等
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was.(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren't)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn't +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句:
⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?
如:What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?
如:Who went home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:work-worked, clean-cleaned
2.以不发音e结尾,直接加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop—stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y"结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study—studied
5.不规则动词过去式:(需自己记忆)
am,is—was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say—said, give—gave,
get-got, go—went, come-came,have/has-had, eat—ate, take-took, run—ran, sing—sang, put-put, make—made, read-read, write—wrote, draw—drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride—rode, speak-spoke, sweep—swept, swim—swam, can-could,shall—should,bring-brought, lose-lost,sleep-slept,find-found,hurt—hurt,keep-kept,leave-left,
send-sent,cut—cut,drive—drove,fall—fell,sell—sold,stand—stood,
think—thought, sit-sat,let-let,write-wrote,teach-taught,tell—told,
一般过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
think_________
Be动词的过去时练习(1)
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.I _______ (go)to school yesterday。
2.He ________ (study) English last weekend.
3.Amy and Luce ________ students two years ago.
4.We (eat)many oranges just now.
5。Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday。
7.There ________ some milk in the fridge last Sunday。
8.The phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、句型转换
1。 It was exciting。
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
3. They were in the woods.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
形容词比较级
一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个或两者以上事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。(形容词比较级 +than)
2.形容词比较级的规则:
⑴一般在词尾加er ;
⑵以不发音字母e 结尾,加r ;
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er .
3.不规则形容词比较级:
good-better, beautiful—more beautiful
形容词比较级练习:
(一)、写出下列形容词的比较级
old__________ young________ tall_______ long________
short________ strong________big________small_______
fat_________ thin__________ heavy______funny________
early_________good_________ beautiful_________________
(二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式:
1。 My brother is two years __________(old)than me。
2。 Tom is ________(fat) than Jim。
3。 Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5。 Whose pencil—box is _______(big),yours or hers?
6. Mary’s hair is __________(long) than Lucy's.
7.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she).
人称代词与物主代词
一、人称代词
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
二、物主代词
数
人称
类别
单数
复数
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
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